tzdata (original) (raw)

10 # This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT 11 # ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or 12 # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License 13 # version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that 14 # accompanied this code). 15 #
16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version 17 # 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 18 # Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 19 #
20 # Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA 21 # or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any 22 # questions. 23 # 24 #

51 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 52 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 53 # 54 # I invented the abbreviations marked `' in the following table; 55 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 56 # Corrections are welcome! 57 # std dst 58 # LMT Local Mean Time 59 # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 60 # 2:00 IST IDT Israel 61 # 3:00 AST ADT Arabia 62 # 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 63 # 4:00 GST Gulf* 64 # 5:30 IST India 65 # 7:00 ICT Indochina* 66 # 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 67 # 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 68 # 8:00 CST China 69 # 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 70 # 9:00 EIT east Indonesia

285 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 286 287 # British Indian Ocean Territory 288 # Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 289 # 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 290 # We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 291 # assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 292 # then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 293 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 294 Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 295 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 296 6:00 - IOT 297 298 # Brunei 299 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 300 Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 301 7:30 - BNT 1933 302 8:00 - BNT 303 304 # Burma / Myanmar

305 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 306 Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 307 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 308 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 309 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 310 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 311 312 # Cambodia 313 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 314 Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 315 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 316 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 317 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 318 7:00 - ICT 319 320 # China 321 322 # From Guy Harris: 323 # People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 324 325 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 326 # No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 327 # China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the

390 # "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 391 # ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 392 # 393 # From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 394 # There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 395 # rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 396 # reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 397 # Shanks & Pottenger. 398 399 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 400 # Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 401 # Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 402 Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 403 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 404 8:00 - CST 1940 405 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 406 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 407 8:00 PRC C%sT 408 # Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 409 # most of China 410 Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928

411 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 412 8:00 PRC C%sT 413 # Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 414 # Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 415 # most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 416 # counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 417 # Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 418 Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 419 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 420 8:00 PRC C%sT 421 # Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 422 # The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 423 # the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 424 # Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 425 # east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 426 # east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 427 # Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 428 # Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 429 # Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 430 Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi

487 # 4. Kashgar... 488 # ... 489 # 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Urumqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the 490 # 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding 491 # countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child. 492 # 493 # 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any 494 # start date for Xinjiang time. 495 # 496 # Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally 497 # publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur 498 # Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also 499 # not be using Beijing time, but some local time.) 500 501 Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 502 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 503 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 504 8:00 PRC C%sT 505 506

507 # From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): 508 # I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong 509 # Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, 510 # it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK, 511 # and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing 512 # and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I 513 # think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be 514 # obtained from 515 # 516 # http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 517 # . 518 519 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 520 # Here are the dates given at 521 # 522 # http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 523 # 524 # as of 2009-10-28: 525 # Year Period 526 # 1941 1 Apr to 30 Sep

553 # 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct 554 # 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct 555 # 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct 556 # 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct 557 # 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct 558 # 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct 559 # 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74 560 # 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct 561 # 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct 562 # 1977 Nil 563 # 1978 Nil 564 # 1979 13 May to 21 Oct 565 # 1980 to Now Nil 566 # The page does not give start or end times of day. 567 # The page does not give a start date for 1942. 568 # The page does not givw an end date for 1945. 569 # The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began on 1941-12-25. 570 # The Japanese surrender of Hong Kong was signed 1945-09-15. 571 # For lack of anything better, use start of those days as the transition times. 572 573 # Hong Kong (Xianggang) 574 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 575 Rule HK 1941 only - Apr 1 3:30 1:00 S 576 Rule HK 1941 only - Sep 30 3:30 0 - 577 Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 578 Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 579 Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 580 Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 581 Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 582 Rule HK 1948 1951 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 583 Rule HK 1952 only - Oct 25 3:30 0 - 584 Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 585 Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 586 Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 587 Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 588 Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 589 Rule HK 1965 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 590 Rule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 591 Rule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S 592 Rule HK 1979 only - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 593 Rule HK 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 594 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 595 Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 596 8:00 HK HK%sT 1941 Dec 25 597 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 15 598 8:00 HK HK%sT 599 600 ############################################################################### 601 602 # Taiwan 603 604 # Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 605 # was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 606 # have any other information. 607 608 # From smallufo (2010-04-03): 609 # According to Taiwan's CWB, 610 # 611 # http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm 612 # 613 # Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30. 614 615 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-04-07):

652 Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 653 Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 654 Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 655 Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 656 Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 657 Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 658 Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 659 Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 660 Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 661 Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 662 Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 663 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 664 Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 665 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 666 8:00 PRC C%sT 667 668 669 ############################################################################### 670 671 # Cyprus

672 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 673 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 674 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 675 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 676 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 677 Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 678 Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 679 Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 680 Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 681 Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 682 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 683 Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 684 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 685 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 686 # IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 687 688 # Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 689 # However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 690 Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 691

1205 # 1206 # but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 1207 # "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 1208 # springtime transitions explicitly. 1209 1210 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1211 Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1212 Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 1213 Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1214 Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 1215 Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 1216 Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 1217 Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 1218 Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1219 Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1220 Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1221 Rule Zion 2012 only - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1222 Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 1223 1224 # From Ephraim Silverberg (2012-10-18): 1225 1226 # Yesterday, the Interior Ministry Committee, after more than a year 1227 # past, approved sending the proposed June 2011 changes to the Time 1228 # Decree Law back to the Knesset for second and third (final) votes 1229 # before the upcoming elections on Jan. 22, 2013. Hence, although the 1230 # changes are not yet law, they are expected to be so before February 2013. 1231 # 1232 # As of 2013, DST starts at 02:00 on the Friday before the last Sunday in March. 1233 # DST ends at 02:00 on the first Sunday after October 1, unless it occurs on the 1234 # second day of the Jewish Rosh Hashana holiday, in which case DST ends a day 1235 # later (i.e. at 02:00 the first Monday after October 2). 1236 # [Rosh Hashana holidays are factored in until 2100.] 1237

1238 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1239 Rule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D 1240 Rule Zion 2013 2026 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 1241 Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct Mon>=3 2:00 0 S 1242 Rule Zion 2028 max - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 1243 # The following rules are commented out for now, as they break older 1244 # versions of zic that support only signed 32-bit timestamps, i.e., 1245 # through 2038-01-19 03:14:07 UTC. 1246 #Rule Zion 2028 2053 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 1247 #Rule Zion 2054 only - Oct Mon>=3 2:00 0 S 1248 #Rule Zion 2055 2080 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 1249 #Rule Zion 2081 only - Oct Mon>=3 2:00 0 S 1250 #Rule Zion 2082 max - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 1251 1252 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1253 Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 1254 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 1255 2:00 Zion I%sT 1256 1257

1807 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1808 # Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1809 Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 1810 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 1811 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 1812 # Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 1813 # Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1814 Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1815 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1816 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1817 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1818 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 1819 1820 # Nepal 1821 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1822 Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1823 5:30 - IST 1986 1824 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1825 1826 # Oman

1827 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1828 Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 1829 4:00 - GST 1830 1831 # Pakistan 1832 1833 # From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 1834 # I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 1835 # TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 1836 # and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 1837 # told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 1838 # 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 1839 1840 # From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 1841 # Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 1842 # http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 1843 # (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 1844 # advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 1845 # Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 1846 # 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 1847 # but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 1848 # it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday

2055 # To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 2056 # 2057 # Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 2058 # ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 2059 # Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 2060 # West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 2061 # Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 2062 # 2063 # I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 2064 # have one). 2065 2066 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 2067 # Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 2068 # with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 2069 # and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 2070 # We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 2071 # the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 2072 # occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 2073 # However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 2074 # for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 2075 # to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 2076 # send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 2077 2078 # From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 2079 # forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 2080 # 2081 # Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 2082 # last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 2083 # one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 2084 # the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 2085 2086 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 2087 # Daoud Kuttab writes in 2088 # 2089 # Holiday havoc 2090 # (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 2091 # the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 2092 # I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 2093 # For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 2094 # and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 2095 2096 # From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):

2278 # http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808 2279 # 2280 2281 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 2282 # Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST 2283 # on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00). 2284 # Some of many sources in Arabic: 2285 # 2286 # http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638 2287 # 2288 # 2289 # 2290 # http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html 2291 # 2292 # 2293 # Our brief summary: 2294 # 2295 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html 2296 # 2297 2298 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-27): 2299 # The timeanddate article for 2012 says that "the end date has not yet been 2300 # announced" and that "Last year, both...paused daylight saving time during... 2301 # Ramadan. It is not yet known [for] 2012." 2302 # For now, assume both switch back on the last Friday in September. XXX

2303 2304 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2305 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 2306 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2307 Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 2308 Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 2309 Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 2310 Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 2311 2312 Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 2313 Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 2314 Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 2315 Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 2316 Rule Palestine 2006 2008 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2317 Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2318 Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 2319 Rule Palestine 2008 only - Aug lastFri 0:00 0 - 2320 Rule Palestine 2009 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2321 Rule Palestine 2009 only - Sep Fri>=1 2:00 0 - 2322 Rule Palestine 2010 only - Mar lastSat 0:01 1:00 S 2323 Rule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - 2324 2325 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-09-20): 2326 # 2011 transitions per http://www.timeanddate.com as of 2011-09-20. 2327 # From Paul Eggert (2012-10-12): 2328 # 2012 transitions per http://www.timeanddate.com as of 2012-10-12.

2329 2330 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2331 Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 2332 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 2333 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 2334 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 2335 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 2336 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Apr 2 12:01 2337 2:00 1:00 EEST 2011 Aug 1 2338 2:00 - EET 2012 Mar 30 2339 2:00 1:00 EEST 2012 Sep 21 1:00 2340 2:00 - EET

2341 2342 Zone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct 2343 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 2344 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 2345 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 2346 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 2347 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 2348 2:00 1:00 EEST 2008 Sep 2349 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Apr 1 12:01 2350 2:00 1:00 EEST 2011 Aug 1 2351 2:00 - EET 2011 Aug 30 2352 2:00 1:00 EEST 2011 Sep 30 3:00 2353 2:00 - EET 2012 Mar 30 2354 2:00 1:00 EEST 2012 Sep 21 1:00 2355 2:00 - EET 2356 2357 # Paracel Is 2358 # no information 2359 2360 # Philippines 2361 # On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 2362 # Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 2363 # be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 2364 # transcript of the decree in http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm. 2365 # The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger. 2366 2367 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 2368 # Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of 2369 # Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the 2370 # rainy season begins. See 2371 # http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006. 2372 # For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details. 2373 # 2374 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 2375 # ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990:

2404 2405 # Singapore 2406 # The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 2407 # http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html. 2408 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2409 Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 2410 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 2411 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 2412 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 2413 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 2414 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 2415 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 2416 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 2417 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 2418 8:00 - SGT 2419 2420 # Spratly Is 2421 # no information 2422 2423 # Sri Lanka

2424 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 2425 # "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 2426 # (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 2427 # no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 2428 # reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 2429 # midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 2430 # 2431 # From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 2432 # by Shamindra in 2433 # 2434 # Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 2435 # : 2436 # With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 2437 # Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 2438 2439 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 2440 # http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002 (2006-04-13): 2441 # 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 2442 # at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 2443

2703 2704 # Uzbekistan 2705 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2706 Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2707 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 2708 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 2709 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 2710 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time 2711 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2712 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2713 5:00 - UZT 2714 Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2715 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 2716 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2717 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2718 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2719 5:00 - UZT 2720 2721 # Vietnam 2722

2723 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2724 # The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; 2725 # we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 2726 2727 # From Shanks & Pottenger: 2728 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2729 Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 2730 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 2731 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 2732 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 2733 7:00 - ICT 2734 2735 # Yemen

2736 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2737 Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 2738 3:00 - AST

25 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 26 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 27 28 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 29 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 30 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). 31 32 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 33 # 34 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 35 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 36 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 37 # 38 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source 39 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 40 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 41 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 42 # of the IATA's data after 1990. 43 # 44 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 45 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 46 # 47 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 48 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 49 # I found in the UCLA library. 50 # 51 # For data circa 1899, a common source is: 52 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 53 # http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359. 54 # 55 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 56 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 57 # 58 # I invented the abbreviations marked `' in the following table; 59 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 60 # Corrections are welcome! 61 # std dst 62 # LMT Local Mean Time 63 # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 64 # 2:00 IST IDT Israel 65 # 3:00 AST ADT Arabia 66 # 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 67 # 4:00 GST Gulf* 68 # 5:30 IST India 69 # 7:00 ICT Indochina* 70 # 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 71 # 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 72 # 8:00 CST China 73 # 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 74 # 9:00 EIT east Indonesia

289 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 290 291 # British Indian Ocean Territory 292 # Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 293 # 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 294 # We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 295 # assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 296 # then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 297 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 298 Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 299 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 300 6:00 - IOT 301 302 # Brunei 303 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 304 Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 305 7:30 - BNT 1933 306 8:00 - BNT 307 308 # Burma / Myanmar 309 310 # Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon. 311 312 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 313 Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 314 6:24:40 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 315 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 316 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 317 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 318 319 # Cambodia 320 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 321 Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 322 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 323 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 324 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 325 7:00 - ICT 326 327 # China 328 329 # From Guy Harris: 330 # People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 331 332 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 333 # No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 334 # China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the

397 # "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 398 # ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 399 # 400 # From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 401 # There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 402 # rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 403 # reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 404 # Shanks & Pottenger. 405 406 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 407 # Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 408 # Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 409 Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 410 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 411 8:00 - CST 1940 412 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 413 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 414 8:00 PRC C%sT 415 # Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 416 # most of China 417 # Milne gives 8:05:56.7; round to nearest. 418 Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:57 - LMT 1928 419 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 420 8:00 PRC C%sT 421 # Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 422 # Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 423 # most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 424 # counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 425 # Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 426 Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 427 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 428 8:00 PRC C%sT 429 # Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 430 # The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 431 # the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 432 # Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 433 # east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 434 # east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 435 # Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 436 # Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 437 # Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 438 Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi

495 # 4. Kashgar... 496 # ... 497 # 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Urumqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the 498 # 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding 499 # countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child. 500 # 501 # 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any 502 # start date for Xinjiang time. 503 # 504 # Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally 505 # publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur 506 # Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also 507 # not be using Beijing time, but some local time.) 508 509 Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 510 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 511 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 512 8:00 PRC C%sT 513 514 515 # Hong Kong (Xianggang) 516 517 # Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this. 518 519 # From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): 520 # I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong 521 # Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, 522 # it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK, 523 # and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing 524 # and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I 525 # think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be 526 # obtained from 527 # 528 # http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 529 # . 530 531 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 532 # Here are the dates given at 533 # 534 # http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 535 # 536 # as of 2009-10-28: 537 # Year Period 538 # 1941 1 Apr to 30 Sep

565 # 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct 566 # 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct 567 # 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct 568 # 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct 569 # 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct 570 # 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct 571 # 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74 572 # 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct 573 # 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct 574 # 1977 Nil 575 # 1978 Nil 576 # 1979 13 May to 21 Oct 577 # 1980 to Now Nil 578 # The page does not give start or end times of day. 579 # The page does not give a start date for 1942. 580 # The page does not givw an end date for 1945. 581 # The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began on 1941-12-25. 582 # The Japanese surrender of Hong Kong was signed 1945-09-15. 583 # For lack of anything better, use start of those days as the transition times. 584

585 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 586 Rule HK 1941 only - Apr 1 3:30 1:00 S 587 Rule HK 1941 only - Sep 30 3:30 0 - 588 Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 589 Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 590 Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 591 Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 592 Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 593 Rule HK 1948 1951 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 594 Rule HK 1952 only - Oct 25 3:30 0 - 595 Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 596 Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 597 Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 598 Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 599 Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 600 Rule HK 1965 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 601 Rule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 602 Rule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S 603 Rule HK 1979 only - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 604 Rule HK 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 605 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 606 Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 607 8:00 HK HK%sT 1941 Dec 25 608 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 15 609 8:00 HK HK%sT 610 611 ############################################################################### 612 613 # Taiwan 614 615 # Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 616 # was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 617 # have any other information. 618 619 # From smallufo (2010-04-03): 620 # According to Taiwan's CWB, 621 # 622 # http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm 623 # 624 # Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30. 625 626 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-04-07):

663 Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 664 Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 665 Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 666 Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 667 Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 668 Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 669 Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 670 Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 671 Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 672 Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 673 Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 674 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 675 Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 676 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 677 8:00 PRC C%sT 678 679 680 ############################################################################### 681 682 # Cyprus 683 # 684 # Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00. Stick with LMT. 685 # 686 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 687 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 688 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 689 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 690 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 691 Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 692 Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 693 Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 694 Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 695 Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 696 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 697 Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 698 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 699 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 700 # IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 701 702 # Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 703 # However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 704 Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 705

1219 # 1220 # but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 1221 # "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 1222 # springtime transitions explicitly. 1223 1224 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1225 Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1226 Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 1227 Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1228 Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 1229 Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 1230 Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 1231 Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 1232 Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1233 Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1234 Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1235 Rule Zion 2012 only - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1236 Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 1237 1238 # From Ephraim Silverberg (2012-10-18):

1239 # Yesterday, the Interior Ministry Committee, after more than a year 1240 # past, approved sending the proposed June 2011 changes to the Time 1241 # Decree Law back to the Knesset for second and third (final) votes 1242 # before the upcoming elections on Jan. 22, 2013. Hence, although the 1243 # changes are not yet law, they are expected to be so before February 2013. 1244 # 1245 # As of 2013, DST starts at 02:00 on the Friday before the last Sunday in March. 1246 # DST ends at 02:00 on the first Sunday after October 1, unless it occurs on the 1247 # second day of the Jewish Rosh Hashana holiday, in which case DST ends a day 1248 # later (i.e. at 02:00 the first Monday after October 2). 1249 # [Rosh Hashana holidays are factored in until 2100.] 1250 1251 # From Ephraim Silverberg (2012-11-05): 1252 # The Knesset passed today (in second and final readings) the amendment to the 1253 # Time Decree Law making the changes ... law. 1254 1255 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1256 Rule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D 1257 Rule Zion 2013 2026 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 1258 Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct Mon>=3 2:00 0 S 1259 Rule Zion 2028 max - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 1260 # The following rules are commented out for now, as they break older 1261 # versions of zic that support only signed 32-bit timestamps, i.e., 1262 # through 2038-01-19 03:14:07 UTC. 1263 #Rule Zion 2028 2053 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 1264 #Rule Zion 2054 only - Oct Mon>=3 2:00 0 S 1265 #Rule Zion 2055 2080 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 1266 #Rule Zion 2081 only - Oct Mon>=3 2:00 0 S 1267 #Rule Zion 2082 max - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 1268 1269 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1270 Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 1271 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 1272 2:00 Zion I%sT 1273 1274

1824 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1825 # Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1826 Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 1827 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 1828 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 1829 # Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 1830 # Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1831 Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1832 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1833 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1834 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1835 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 1836 1837 # Nepal 1838 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1839 Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1840 5:30 - IST 1986 1841 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1842 1843 # Oman 1844 1845 # Milne says 3:54:24 was the meridian of the Muscat Tidal Observatory. 1846 1847 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1848 Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:24 - LMT 1920 1849 4:00 - GST 1850 1851 # Pakistan 1852 1853 # From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 1854 # I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 1855 # TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 1856 # and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 1857 # told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 1858 # 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 1859 1860 # From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 1861 # Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 1862 # http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 1863 # (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 1864 # advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 1865 # Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 1866 # 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 1867 # but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 1868 # it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday

2075 # To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 2076 # 2077 # Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 2078 # ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 2079 # Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 2080 # West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 2081 # Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 2082 # 2083 # I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 2084 # have one). 2085 2086 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 2087 # Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 2088 # with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 2089 # and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 2090 # We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 2091 # the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 2092 # occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 2093 # However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 2094 # for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 2095 # to Palestine's rules.

2096 2097 # From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 2098 # forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 2099 # 2100 # Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 2101 # last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 2102 # one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 2103 # the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 2104 2105 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 2106 # Daoud Kuttab writes in 2107 # 2108 # Holiday havoc 2109 # (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 2110 # the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 2111 # I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 2112 # For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 2113 # and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 2114 2115 # From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22):

2297 # http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808 2298 # 2299 2300 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 2301 # Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST 2302 # on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00). 2303 # Some of many sources in Arabic: 2304 # 2305 # http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638 2306 # 2307 # 2308 # 2309 # http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html 2310 # 2311 # 2312 # Our brief summary: 2313 # 2314 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html 2315 # 2316 2317 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26): 2318 # The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving 2319 # time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated). 2320 # [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.] 2321 # http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=154120 2322 # http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-29-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A.html 2323 2324 # From Paul Eggert (2013-04-15): 2325 # For future dates, guess the last Thursday in March at 24:00 through 2326 # the first Friday on or after September 21 at 01:00. This is consistent with 2327 # the predictions in today's editions of the following URLs, 2328 # which are for Gaza and Hebron respectively: 2329 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=702 2330 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=2364 2331 2332 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2333 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 2334 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2335 Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 2336 Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 2337 Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 2338 Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 2339 2340 Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 2341 Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 2342 Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 2343 Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 2344 Rule Palestine 2006 2007 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2345 Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2346 Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 2347 Rule Palestine 2008 2009 - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2348 Rule Palestine 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 2349 Rule Palestine 2009 only - Sep Fri>=1 1:00 0 - 2350 Rule Palestine 2010 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 2351 Rule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - 2352 Rule Palestine 2011 only - Apr 1 0:01 1:00 S 2353 Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 2354 Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 30 0:00 1:00 S 2355 Rule Palestine 2011 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 2356 Rule Palestine 2012 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 2357 Rule Palestine 2012 max - Sep Fri>=21 1:00 0 - 2358 2359 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2360 Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 2361 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 2362 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 2363 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 2364 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 2365 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00 2366 2:00 - EET 2008 Sep 2367 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2010 2368 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01 2369 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Aug 1 2370 2:00 - EET 2012 2371 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2372 2373 Zone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct 2374 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 2375 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 2376 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 2377 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 2378 2:00 Palestine EE%sT

2379 2380 # Paracel Is 2381 # no information 2382 2383 # Philippines 2384 # On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 2385 # Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 2386 # be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 2387 # transcript of the decree in http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm. 2388 # The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger. 2389 2390 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 2391 # Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of 2392 # Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the 2393 # rainy season begins. See 2394 # http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006. 2395 # For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details. 2396 # 2397 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 2398 # ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990:

2427 2428 # Singapore 2429 # The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 2430 # http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html. 2431 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2432 Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 2433 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 2434 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 2435 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 2436 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 2437 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 2438 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 2439 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 2440 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 2441 8:00 - SGT 2442 2443 # Spratly Is 2444 # no information 2445 2446 # Sri Lanka 2447 2448 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 2449 # Milne says "Madras mean time use from May 1, 1898. Prior to this Colombo 2450 # mean time, 5h. 4m. 21.9s. F., was used." But 5:04:21.9 differs considerably 2451 # from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with 2452 # Shanks and Pottenger. 2453 2454 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 2455 # "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 2456 # (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 2457 # no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 2458 # reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 2459 # midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 2460 # 2461 # From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 2462 # by Shamindra in 2463 # 2464 # Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 2465 # : 2466 # With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 2467 # Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 2468 2469 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 2470 # http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002 (2006-04-13): 2471 # 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 2472 # at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 2473

2733 2734 # Uzbekistan 2735 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2736 Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2737 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 2738 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 2739 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 2740 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time 2741 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2742 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2743 5:00 - UZT 2744 Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2745 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 2746 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2747 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2748 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2749 5:00 - UZT 2750 2751 # Vietnam 2752 2753 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 2754 # Milne gives 7:16:56 for the meridian of Saigon in 1899, as being 2755 # used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways 2756 # from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks 2757 # and Pottenger. 2758 2759 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2760 # The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; 2761 # we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 2762 2763 # From Shanks & Pottenger: 2764 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2765 Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 2766 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 2767 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 2768 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 2769 7:00 - ICT 2770 2771 # Yemen 2772 2773 # Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden, 2774 # and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia. 2775 2776 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2777 Zone Asia/Aden 2:59:54 - LMT 1950 2778 3:00 - AST