Accord and satisfaction (original) (raw)
Accord and satisfaction is a contract law concept about the purchase of the release from a debt obligation. It is one of the methods by which parties to a contract may terminate their agreement. The release is completed by the transfer of valuable consideration that must not be the actual performance of the obligation itself. The accord is the agreement to discharge the obligation and the satisfaction is the legal "consideration" which binds the parties to the agreement. A valid accord does not discharge the prior contract; instead it suspends the right to enforce it in accordance with the terms of the accord contract, in which satisfaction, or performance of the contract will discharge both contracts (the original and the accord). If the creditor breaches the accord, then the debtor will
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| dbo:abstract | Accord and satisfaction is a contract law concept about the purchase of the release from a debt obligation. It is one of the methods by which parties to a contract may terminate their agreement. The release is completed by the transfer of valuable consideration that must not be the actual performance of the obligation itself. The accord is the agreement to discharge the obligation and the satisfaction is the legal "consideration" which binds the parties to the agreement. A valid accord does not discharge the prior contract; instead it suspends the right to enforce it in accordance with the terms of the accord contract, in which satisfaction, or performance of the contract will discharge both contracts (the original and the accord). If the creditor breaches the accord, then the debtor will be able to bring up the existence of the accord in order to enjoin any action against him. If a person is sued over an alleged debt, that person bears the burden of proving the affirmative defense of accord and satisfaction. (en) Accord and satisfaction bezeichnet im englischen Vertragsrecht einen Vertragstyp, bei dem der Schuldner durch einen neuen Vertrag eine Einrede gegen den alten Vertrag erwirbt. Der Schuldner "kauft" sich dabei von seiner Verpflichtung frei, dies geschieht jedoch nicht in Erfüllung der ursprünglichen Verpflichtung. Es entsteht vielmehr ein neuer Vertrag mit den Voraussetzungen Antrag (offer), Annahme (acceptance) und consideration, den der Schuldner dem Gläubiger des ursprünglichen Vertrages als defence (Einrede) entgegenhalten kann. Die klassische Definition von accord and satisfaction stammt von Scrutton LJ in British Russion Gazette, Ltd. v Associated Newspapers, Ltd. [1933]: “Accord and satisfaction ist the purchase of a release from an obligation, whether arisiing under contract or tort, by means of any valuable consideration, not being the actual performance of the obligation itself. The accord is the agreement by which the obligation is discharged. The satisfaction is the consideration which makes the agreement operative.” Für die satisfaction gelten die allgemeinen Anforderungen an consideration. Insbesondere liegt keine consideration vor, wenn die ursprüngliche Schuld lediglich verringert wird. In diesem Falle muss ein zusätzlicher Nachteil für den Schuldner oder Vorteil für den Gläubiger vom Schuldner dem Gläubiger zukommen (vgl. (1608), Foakes v Beer (1884)). Liegt keine wirksame consideration vor oder sind sonstige Wirksamkeitsvoraussetzungen eines Vertrages nicht erfüllt, kann der Gläubiger ungehindert aus dem ursprünglichen Vertrag klagen. Beispiel: A beauftragt B mit einem Hausbau für 1.000.000 £ zahlt hierfür 100.000 £ an. Entsprechend dem Baufortschritt sollen jeweils weitere Raten gezahlt werden. Bei Fertigstellung weigert sich A die letzte Rate von 100.000 £ zu zahlen, da Baumängel vorlägen. A und B einigen sich darauf (accord), dass B nur noch 50.000 £ erhalten soll. Im Gegenzug will A auf seine Mängelrechte verzichten (satisfaction). (de) |
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| rdfs:comment | Accord and satisfaction is a contract law concept about the purchase of the release from a debt obligation. It is one of the methods by which parties to a contract may terminate their agreement. The release is completed by the transfer of valuable consideration that must not be the actual performance of the obligation itself. The accord is the agreement to discharge the obligation and the satisfaction is the legal "consideration" which binds the parties to the agreement. A valid accord does not discharge the prior contract; instead it suspends the right to enforce it in accordance with the terms of the accord contract, in which satisfaction, or performance of the contract will discharge both contracts (the original and the accord). If the creditor breaches the accord, then the debtor will (en) Accord and satisfaction bezeichnet im englischen Vertragsrecht einen Vertragstyp, bei dem der Schuldner durch einen neuen Vertrag eine Einrede gegen den alten Vertrag erwirbt. Der Schuldner "kauft" sich dabei von seiner Verpflichtung frei, dies geschieht jedoch nicht in Erfüllung der ursprünglichen Verpflichtung. Es entsteht vielmehr ein neuer Vertrag mit den Voraussetzungen Antrag (offer), Annahme (acceptance) und consideration, den der Schuldner dem Gläubiger des ursprünglichen Vertrages als defence (Einrede) entgegenhalten kann. Die klassische Definition von accord and satisfaction stammt von Scrutton LJ in British Russion Gazette, Ltd. v Associated Newspapers, Ltd. [1933]: (de) |
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