dbo:abstract
- The African-American LGBT community, otherwise referred to as the Black LGBT community, is part of the overall LGBT culture and overall African-American culture. The initialism LGBT stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender. A landmark event for the LGBT community, and the Black LGBT community in particular, was the Stonewall uprising in 1969, in New York City's Greenwich Village, where Black activists including Stormé DeLarverie (who instigated the uprising) and Marsha P. Johnson (who was in the vanguard of the later pushback against the police) played key roles in the events. Following Stonewall, the 1986 legal precedent Romer v. Evans also had a major impact. Ruling in favor of Romer, Justice Kennedy asserted in the case commentary that Colorado's state constitutional amendment denying LGBT people protection from discrimination "bore no purpose other than to burden LGB persons". Advancements in public policy, social discourse, and public knowledge have assisted in the progression and coming out of many Black LGBT individuals. Statistics show an increase in accepting attitudes towards lesbians and gays among general society. A Gallup survey shows that acceptance rates went from 38% in 1992 to 52% in 2001. However, when looking at the LGBT community through a racial lens, the Black community lacks many of these advantages. Research and studies are limited for the Black LGBT community. Reasons given are resistance to coming out, as well as a lack of responses in surveys and research studies. The coming out rate of Black LGBT people is less than that of White LGBT people. The African-American population who identifies as LGBT are often considered to be a community of marginalized individuals who are further marginalized within their own broader community. Surveys and research have shown that 80% of African-Americans say gays and lesbians endure discrimination compared to the 61% of White Americans. Black members of the LGBT community are not only seen as "other" due to their race, but also due to their sexuality, so they always had to face both racism and homophobia. (en)
- La communauté LGBT afro-américaine rassemble les personnes afro-américaines lesbiennes, gays, bisexuels et transgenres (LGBT). Les personnes LGBT n’ont pas été reconnues par la société avant le tournant des émeutes de Stonewall en 1969 à New York, qui ont attiré l'attention nationale et mondiale sur cette population. Les progrès en matière de politique publique, de discours public et médiatique et de connaissance du public ont contribué aux coming out de nombreuses personnalités et à leur acceptation sociale, comme l'illustre une enquête Gallup, selon laquelle l'acceptation des personnes homosexuelles dans la population globale est passés de 38 % en 1992 à 52 % en 2001. Cependant, les personnes LGBT afro-américaines ne semblent pas avoir bénéficié autant de ces évolutions. L'existence d'une communauté LGBT afro-américaine peut être expliquée par le contexte de ségrégation raciale et d'homogamie raciale très marqué aux États-Unis. Aussi la communauté LGBT afro-américaine peut être considérée comme un « sous-espace [LGBT] à l’intérieur de la communauté noire ». (fr)
rdfs:comment
- The African-American LGBT community, otherwise referred to as the Black LGBT community, is part of the overall LGBT culture and overall African-American culture. The initialism LGBT stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender. A landmark event for the LGBT community, and the Black LGBT community in particular, was the Stonewall uprising in 1969, in New York City's Greenwich Village, where Black activists including Stormé DeLarverie (who instigated the uprising) and Marsha P. Johnson (who was in the vanguard of the later pushback against the police) played key roles in the events. (en)
- La communauté LGBT afro-américaine rassemble les personnes afro-américaines lesbiennes, gays, bisexuels et transgenres (LGBT). Les personnes LGBT n’ont pas été reconnues par la société avant le tournant des émeutes de Stonewall en 1969 à New York, qui ont attiré l'attention nationale et mondiale sur cette population. Les progrès en matière de politique publique, de discours public et médiatique et de connaissance du public ont contribué aux coming out de nombreuses personnalités et à leur acceptation sociale, comme l'illustre une enquête Gallup, selon laquelle l'acceptation des personnes homosexuelles dans la population globale est passés de 38 % en 1992 à 52 % en 2001. Cependant, les personnes LGBT afro-américaines ne semblent pas avoir bénéficié autant de ces évolutions. (fr)