Albert Schatz (scientist) (original) (raw)
Albert Israel Schatz (* 2. Februar 1920 in Norwich, Connecticut; † 17. Januar 2005 in Philadelphia) war ein amerikanischer Mikrobiologe und Wissenschaftspädagoge. Er war Mitentdecker des Antibiotikums Streptomycin, musste jedoch für die Anerkennung seines Anteils an dieser Leistung einen Rechtsstreit austragen und erhielt im Gegensatz zu seinem damaligen Laborleiter Selman Abraham Waksman auch nicht den Nobelpreis für Physiologie oder Medizin.
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| dbo:abstract | Albert Israel Schatz (2 February 1920 – 17 January 2005) was an American microbiologist and academic who discovered streptomycin, the first antibiotic known to be effective for the treatment of tuberculosis. He graduated from Rutgers University in 1942 with a bachelor's degree in soil microbiology, and received his doctorate from Rutgers in 1945. His PhD research led directly to the discovery of streptomycin. Born to a family of farmers, Schatz was inspired to study soil science for its potential applicability to take up his family occupation. Topping his class at Rutgers in 1942, he immediately worked under Selman Waksman, then head of the Department of Soil Microbiology, but was drafted to the US Army to serve in the World War II. After a back injury led to his discharge from the army, he rejoined Waksman in 1943 as a PhD student. Working in isolation from others due to his use of the dreaded tuberculosis bacterium (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), he discovered a new antibiotic which he named "streptomycin" that was proven safe and effective against the tuberculosis bacterium and other Gram-negative bacteria. He also contributed to the discovery another antibiotic albomycin in 1947. The discovery of streptomycin led to controversies over its royalties from commercial production, and the Nobel Prize. Unbeknownst to Schatz, Waksman had claimed financial benefits only for himself and the Rutgers Research and Endowment Foundation. A lawsuit granted Schatz 3% of the royalties and legal recognition as the co-discover. Then, the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded solely to Waksman explicitly "for his discovery of streptomycin," which The Lancet remarked as "a considerable mistake by failing to recognize Schatz's contribution." As an act of goodwill, Schatz was honored with the Rutgers University Medal in 1994. (en) Albert Israel Schatz (* 2. Februar 1920 in Norwich, Connecticut; † 17. Januar 2005 in Philadelphia) war ein amerikanischer Mikrobiologe und Wissenschaftspädagoge. Er war Mitentdecker des Antibiotikums Streptomycin, musste jedoch für die Anerkennung seines Anteils an dieser Leistung einen Rechtsstreit austragen und erhielt im Gegensatz zu seinem damaligen Laborleiter Selman Abraham Waksman auch nicht den Nobelpreis für Physiologie oder Medizin. (de) Albert Schatz (2 de febrero de 1922 - 17 de enero de 2005), destacado científico que fue con el tiempo reconocido por el descubrimiento de la estreptomicina, antibiótico usado para el tratamiento de la tuberculosis y otras enfermedades. Nació en Norwich, Connecticut (EE. UU.). Hijo de padres ingleses y judeo-rusos, fue criado en una granja. En 1943 tomó el peligroso trabajo de la búsqueda de un antibiótico para la tuberculosis. Trabajó solo en un laboratorio instalado en un sótano en el Cook College en la Universidad de Rutgers. Luego de tres meses, el 19 de octubre de 1943 aisló dos cepas de actinobacteria, que podían efectivamente detener el crecimiento de ciertas bacterias resistentes a la penicilina. Originalmente, el descubrimiento de la Estreptomicina le fue acreditado únicamente a su supervisor, Selman Waksman, que llegó incluso a recibir en 1952 el premio Nobel por este motivo. Schatz rechazó drásticamente esta falsa acreditación de méritos e inició un juicio en 1950 contra Waksman, requiriendo su reconocimiento como descubridor de la estreptomicina y reclamando parte de las regalías de su patentes. En un acuerdo extrajudicial estos requerimientos se vieron satisfechos. Falleció víctima de un cáncer pancreático en Filadelfia en el año 2005, luego de haber sido reconocido con múltiples premios a lo largo de su carrera. Sin embargo, la fundación Nobel nunca reconoció su error al no incluirle en la entrega del premio. (es) Albert Schatz (2 février 1920 - 17 janvier 2005) est le découvreur de la streptomycine, le premier antibiotique utilisé dans le traitement de la tuberculose et de nombreuses autres maladies. La découverte de la streptomycine fut cependant seulement accordée à son superviseur, Selman Waksman, qui obtint le prix Nobel de physiologie ou médecine en 1952. (fr) 艾伯特·沙茨（英語：Albert Schatz，1920年2月2日－2005年1月17日）是链霉素的共同发现者之一。在过去这个发现通常被单独归功于沙茨的导师赛尔曼·A·瓦克斯曼。 (zh) |
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| dbo:birthName | Albert Israel Schatz (en) |
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| dbp:birthName | Albert Israel Schatz (en) |
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| dbp:caption | Albert Schatz (en) |
| dbp:children | Diane Klein (en) Linda Schatz (en) |
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| dbp:knownFor | Deprived of credit for discovery, [[#Legacy (en) Discoverer of streptomycin (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Albert Israel Schatz (* 2. Februar 1920 in Norwich, Connecticut; † 17. Januar 2005 in Philadelphia) war ein amerikanischer Mikrobiologe und Wissenschaftspädagoge. Er war Mitentdecker des Antibiotikums Streptomycin, musste jedoch für die Anerkennung seines Anteils an dieser Leistung einen Rechtsstreit austragen und erhielt im Gegensatz zu seinem damaligen Laborleiter Selman Abraham Waksman auch nicht den Nobelpreis für Physiologie oder Medizin. (de) Albert Schatz (2 février 1920 - 17 janvier 2005) est le découvreur de la streptomycine, le premier antibiotique utilisé dans le traitement de la tuberculose et de nombreuses autres maladies. La découverte de la streptomycine fut cependant seulement accordée à son superviseur, Selman Waksman, qui obtint le prix Nobel de physiologie ou médecine en 1952. (fr) 艾伯特·沙茨（英語：Albert Schatz，1920年2月2日－2005年1月17日）是链霉素的共同发现者之一。在过去这个发现通常被单独归功于沙茨的导师赛尔曼·A·瓦克斯曼。 (zh) Albert Israel Schatz (2 February 1920 – 17 January 2005) was an American microbiologist and academic who discovered streptomycin, the first antibiotic known to be effective for the treatment of tuberculosis. He graduated from Rutgers University in 1942 with a bachelor's degree in soil microbiology, and received his doctorate from Rutgers in 1945. His PhD research led directly to the discovery of streptomycin. (en) Albert Schatz (2 de febrero de 1922 - 17 de enero de 2005), destacado científico que fue con el tiempo reconocido por el descubrimiento de la estreptomicina, antibiótico usado para el tratamiento de la tuberculosis y otras enfermedades. Falleció víctima de un cáncer pancreático en Filadelfia en el año 2005, luego de haber sido reconocido con múltiples premios a lo largo de su carrera. Sin embargo, la fundación Nobel nunca reconoció su error al no incluirle en la entrega del premio. (es) |
| rdfs:label | Albert Schatz (Mikrobiologe) (de) Albert Schatz (scientist) (en) Albert Schatz (es) Albert Schatz (scientifique) (fr) 艾伯特·沙茨 (zh) |
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