Andal (original) (raw)
Andal (Tamil: ஆண்டாள்), also known as Kothai, Nachiyar, and Godadevi, was the only female Alvar among the twelve Hindu poet-saints of South India. She was posthumously considered an avatar of the goddess Bhudevi. As with the Alvar saints, she was affiliated to the Sri Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism. Active in the 8th-century, with some suggesting 7th-century, Andal is credited with two great Tamil works, Thiruppavai and Nachiyar Tirumoḻi, which are still recited by devotees during the winter festival season of Margaḻi. Andal is a prominent figure for women in South India and has inspired several women's groups such as Goda Mandali.
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| dbo:abstract | Andal (Tamil: ஆண்டாள்), also known as Kothai, Nachiyar, and Godadevi, was the only female Alvar among the twelve Hindu poet-saints of South India. She was posthumously considered an avatar of the goddess Bhudevi. As with the Alvar saints, she was affiliated to the Sri Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism. Active in the 8th-century, with some suggesting 7th-century, Andal is credited with two great Tamil works, Thiruppavai and Nachiyar Tirumoḻi, which are still recited by devotees during the winter festival season of Margaḻi. Andal is a prominent figure for women in South India and has inspired several women's groups such as Goda Mandali. (en) Andal (Tamil: ஆண்டாள்) (Āndāl) ist eine hinduistische Mystikerin. Sie lebte vermutlich im 8. Jahrhundert und ist Verfasserin religiöser Hymnen zu Ehren Krishnas. Sie ist die zweitwichtigste einer Gruppe religiöser Dichter (Alvars) nach dem Poeten und gilt als einzige Frau in der Traditionslinie der religiösen Autoritäten (Gurus) des Vishnuismus. In den spärlichen Berichten über Andals Leben vermischen sich Biographie und Legende. Sie soll als Adoptivkind des Alvars (Dichters) in der tamilischen Stadt bei Madurai aufgewachsen sein. Da der kinderlose Brahmane das Kind in seinem Garten auf der Erde liegend vorfand, nannte er sie „Geschenk der Mutter Erde“ (Godai oder Kotai), da er sie als Gabe von Vishnus Zweitfrau, der Erdgöttin Bhudevi (oder Bhumi), betrachtete. Andal wuchs in einer Umgebung von Religion und Kultur auf und entwickelte ein starkes Interesse für Glaubensdinge. Eines Tages ereignete sich jedoch eine folgenschwere Begebenheit: Periyalvar bemerkte, dass sich die heranwachsende Andal die Blumenkränze, die für das Krishnabildnis im Tempel bestimmt waren, heimlich vorher umhängte, wodurch sie unrein wurden. Periyalvar betrachtete dies als Zeichen aufkeimender Eitelkeit, glaubte aber die Stimme Krishnas zu vernehmen, welche im sagte, dass die Figur fortan noch mit Blumenkränzen geschmückt werden sollte, welche vorher Andal getragen hatte. Auf diese Weise machte Andal deutlich, dass sie nur mit Gott verheiratet werden wollte. Folgerichtig wurde sie in einer Brautprozession zum Tempel geleitet und dort mit dem Krishnabildnis „vermählt“. Dieser Schritt stellte einen gravierenden Bruch mit den sozialen Konventionen dar, da Andal nicht, wie üblich, verheiratet wurde, sondern aus freien Stücken den Weg einer Asketin ging. Andal gründete einen Orden für Frauen und verfasste religiöse Gedichte in Tamil. Zwei von ihr erhaltene Hymnen sind „Tiruppavai“ über die Romanze von Krishna und den Kuhhirtenmädchen von Vrindavan, und das 143 Verse umfassende „Nacciyar Tirumoli“, welches in gewählter, bildhafter Sprache Episoden aus den Veden und den Puranas wiedergibt. (de) Andal (en tamil, ஆண்டாள், Äṇɖāḷ ) es la única Alvar femenina entre los doce santos Alvar del sur de la India. Los santos Alvar son conocidos por su afiliación a la tradición del hinduismo. Activos en el siglo VIII, con algunos sugiriendo que en realidad son siete Andal, se le atribuyen las grandes obras tamiles, y , que todavía son recitados por los devotos durante el Festival de la Estación de Invierno del . (es) Andal (Tamil: ஆண்டாள்) (Antal) est une mystique hindoue. Elle a probablement vécu au VIIIe siècle, d'autres suggérant le VIIe siècle, et est l'auteure de Stotra ou hymnes religieux en l'honneur de Vishnou et principalement à son avatar Kannan (Krishna). Elle est la deuxième en préséance des poètes Alvars, après Nammalvar et est la seule femme qui apparaisse comme autorité religieuse parmi les Gourous du Vishnouisme (Courant du Sri Vaishnavisme principalement). L'histoire et la légende se mêlent dans les rares récits de sa vie. Fille adoptive de l'Alvar Periyalvar (de son vrai nom Vishnuchittar), elle grandit dans la ville tamoule de Srivilliputhur. C'est là que Brahmane, qui n'a pas d'enfant, la trouve couchée sur la terre dans son jardin au pied d'un Tulsi, et la nomme Don de la Terre-Mère (Godai ou Kotai), car il voit en elle un présent de la deuxième femme de Vishnou, la déesse de la terre Bhudevi ou Bhūmi. Andal grandit dans un environnement de religion et de culture, et développe un fort Intérêt pour les choses de la foi. Un jour cependant, son destin bascule : Periyalvar remarque que la jeune Andal s'est parée secrètement des couronnes de fleurs destinées à l'image de Krishna dans le temple, ce qui les rend impures. Il y voit d'abord le signe d'une vanité naissante, mais entend ensuite la voix de Krishna lui disant que la figure devrait à nouveau être ornée de couronnes de fleurs portées d'abord par Andal. Andal comprend alors qu'elle ne voudra être mariée qu'avec Dieu. Elle est conduite dans une procession nuptiale jusqu'aux rives de la Kaveri, au temple de Sri Ranganathaswamy de l'île de Srirangam, où elle épouse l'image de Sri Ranganatha (la forme en repos de Vishnou). Elle rompt alors avec les conventions sociales, en refusant le mariage et en devenant librement une ascète. Andal a fondé un ordre féminin et écrit des poèmes religieux en tamoul. Deux de ses hymnes ont été conservés, le Thiruppavai, un ensemble de 30 stances consacrées aux amours de Krishna et de la gopi de Vrindavan dont elle s'imaginait être, et les 143 versets du Nachiyar Tirumoli qui restitue dans une langue choisie et évocatrice des épisodes des Védas et des Puranas. Ses œuvres ont encore aujourd'hui une place importante dans le sud-est de l'Inde, notamment auprès des communautés sri vaishnavites et de l'ensemble de la population en général, qui psalmodient chaque année, durant le saint mois hivernal de Margazhi (décembre-janvier), l'ensemble du Thiruppavai. (fr) Andal (tamilski: ஆண்டாள்) – X-wieczna święta i poetka tamilska, jedyna kobieta w gronie dwunastu świętych wisznuickich, tzw. alwarów. Jest autorką utworów Thirupavai, napisanego w wieku 15 lat . oraz Nachiar Tirumozhi, nadal recytowanych przez wiernych w świątyniach. Podaje się, że była wcieleniem bogini Bhudewi. (pl) Āṇṭāḷ (in caratteri tamiḻ: ஆண்டாள்) è l'epiteto (lett. "Signora") con cui è maggiormente conosciuta Kōtai la mistica e poetessa tamiḻ vissuta intorno al IX secolo e inserita al 9º posto nell'elenco tradizionale dei dodici āḻvār, quei poeti e mistici hindū, di etnia tamiḻ, itineranti di tempio in tempio nell'India meridionale, vissuti tra il VI e il IX secolo d.C. che veneravano, in qualità di Dio, la Persona suprema, Māl (Māyōṉ), nome che in lingua tamiḻ intende indicare quella divinità che in sanscrito è nominata come Kṛṣṇa/Visnù/Nārāyaṇa ovvero il Kṛṣṇa della Bhagavadgītā e il Viṣṇu/Nārāyaṇa dei primi Purāṇa. Le agiografie di Āṇṭāḷ la indicano come figlia del brahmano Periyāḻvār (anche lui un āḻvār, l'8° nella tradizionale elencazione). Padre e figlia sono originari della regione meridionale del Pāṇṭināṭu, regno dei Pāṇḍya. Secondo la leggenda Periyāḻvār giunto all'età di 51 anni, mentre zappava il sacro giardino del tempio di Villiputtūr, scorse, sotto una pianta di tūḻāy, una bimba appena nata e bellissima a cui diede il nome di Kōtai (lett. "Ghirlanda"). Era il 97º anno dall'inizio del Kali-yuga, durante il mese di Āṭi (luglio-agosto), in concomitanza con l'11° asterismo lunare (Pūruvapaṟkuṉi). Fin da bambina, Āṇṭāḷ mostrò la passione nei confronti di Dio, Māyaṉ/Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa, dichiarando espressamente che non avrebbe voluto altro sposo che lui, e di nascosto prese ad abbigliarsi con le corone di fiori destinate al dio che, per pratica cultuale, sarebbero dovute restare incontaminate. Scoperta dal padre, questi rimase sconvolto dalla possibile profanazione dei fiori votivi, ma lo stesso Viṣṇu gli apparve in sogno manifestandogli la felicità divina qualora gli fossero stati offerti i fiori già indossati da Āṇṭāḷ. In un successivo sogno Viṣṇu comunicò a Periyāḻvār l'intenzione di divenire suo genero, accogliendo quindi i desideri di Āṇṭāḷ. Il padre condusse quindi Āṇṭāḷ in pellegrinaggio nei templi viṣṇuiti affinché scegliesse l'immagine di Dio con cui sposarsi. La ormai sedicenne Kōtai scelse MāYaṉ/Raṅganātha (lett. "Signore di Raṅga"), ovvero quella forma divina in cui Viṣṇu/Nārāyaṇa è disteso sul serpente Ananta/Śeṣa, collocata nel complesso templare di Araṅkam. Āṇṭāḷ fu quindi condotta in solenne processione al tempio e presentata a Māyaṉ, ella si avvicinò sempre di più all'immagine di Dio finché venne assorbita dall'icona, scomparendo. Āṇṭāḷ è comunemente ritenuta incarnazione di Śrī/Bhūmi, l'eterna paredra di Viṣṇu. (it) Анда́ль или Анта́л (там. ஆண்டாள், IAST: Āṇḍāḷ) — тамильская поэтесса, единственная женщина среди двенадцати альваров. Жила предположительно в Южной Индии между VIII и IX веками. Сохранилось два поэтических произведения Андаль: «Тируппавай» и «Наччияр-тирумоли». История её жизни и произведения полностью посвящены любви к Вишну. В шри-вайшнавизме её почитают не только как живой образец бхакти, но и как воплощение Лакшми, супруги Вишну. Другое популярное имя Андаль — Года (Kodhai или Goda, «гирлянда») или богиня Года-деви. В своих стихах Андаль именует себя «Котаи» (Kotai). (ru) Andal (tamil:ஆண்டாள்) är ett tamilskt helgon från 1000-talet och är en av tolv (helgon) och den enda kvinnliga alvaren av Vaishnavismen. Hon anses ha skapat de viktiga tamilska verken och som fortfarande reciteras av trogna under vinterfestivalen . Andal är bäst känd för sin orubbliga hängivenhet till Vishnu och det hinduiska templet i är tillägnat henne. I vissa delar av Indien, framförallt i Tamil Nadu, behandlas hon som mer än ett helgon och tillbeds som en Gud, liknande traditionen med Buddha och Jesus. De trogna till religionen Vaishnavite anser henne som en form av (moder jord), den gudomliga makan till Vishnu. (sv) Andal é uma poetisa indiana, com obra escrita em tâmil (dialeto indiano). É uma dos doze , e a única mulher. (pt) |
| dbo:birthName | Kothai (en) |
| dbo:birthPlace | dbr:Srivilliputhur |
| dbo:religion | dbr:Hinduism |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Andal-painting.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:title | Goddess of pure devotion and beauty (en) |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv=9vl0mXJJm8k&list=PLrDHFXR22SMH--lhSD2USzV6pQY3gYO7h https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv=wJ6Ojq68iK8 http://www.advaita.org.uk/discourses/teachers/andal_marvelly.htm |
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| dbp:birthDate | 7 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:birthName | Kothai (en) |
| dbp:birthPlace | dbr:Srivilliputhur |
| dbp:deathPlace | Srirangam, Tiruchirappalli (en) |
| dbp:literaryWorks | dbr:Nachiyar_Tirumoli dbr:Thiruppavai |
| dbp:name | Andal (en) |
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| dbp:reincarnationOf | dbr:Bhudevi |
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| dbp:source | Verse 5 (en) |
| dbp:spouse | Vishnu as Ranganatha (en) |
| dbp:text | மரயனைமன்னு வடமதுரைலமந்தனை தூயபெருநீர் யமுனைத்துறைவனை ஆயர்குலத்தினில் தோன்றும் ௮அணிவிளக்மை தாயைக்குடல் விளக்கம் செய்த தாமோதரனை தூயோமாய்வந்துநாம் தூமலர் தூவித்தொழுது வாயினால்பாடி மனத்தினால் சித்திக்க ோயபிழையும் புகுதருவான் நின்றனவும் தியினில்தூசாகும் செப்பேலோரெம்பாவாய் My dear girls! you all know the Mayan, , who was born in North Matra and who sports in the large waters of the Pure Jumna, who shines like a Ratna Deepa among the cowherd folk, the Damodara who brought name and fame to His mother Yasoda! We shall approach Him in all purity, We shall strew pure and choice flowers at His feet and worship Him. We shall sing about Him and we shall think of Him: and thereby shall our sins, those already committed and those we are likely to commit in the future, all of them disappear like cotton in fire. (en) |
| dbp:title | dbr:Thiruppavai Goddess of pure devotion and beauty (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Andal (Tamil: ஆண்டாள்), also known as Kothai, Nachiyar, and Godadevi, was the only female Alvar among the twelve Hindu poet-saints of South India. She was posthumously considered an avatar of the goddess Bhudevi. As with the Alvar saints, she was affiliated to the Sri Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism. Active in the 8th-century, with some suggesting 7th-century, Andal is credited with two great Tamil works, Thiruppavai and Nachiyar Tirumoḻi, which are still recited by devotees during the winter festival season of Margaḻi. Andal is a prominent figure for women in South India and has inspired several women's groups such as Goda Mandali. (en) Andal (en tamil, ஆண்டாள், Äṇɖāḷ ) es la única Alvar femenina entre los doce santos Alvar del sur de la India. Los santos Alvar son conocidos por su afiliación a la tradición del hinduismo. Activos en el siglo VIII, con algunos sugiriendo que en realidad son siete Andal, se le atribuyen las grandes obras tamiles, y , que todavía son recitados por los devotos durante el Festival de la Estación de Invierno del . (es) Andal (tamilski: ஆண்டாள்) – X-wieczna święta i poetka tamilska, jedyna kobieta w gronie dwunastu świętych wisznuickich, tzw. alwarów. Jest autorką utworów Thirupavai, napisanego w wieku 15 lat . oraz Nachiar Tirumozhi, nadal recytowanych przez wiernych w świątyniach. Podaje się, że była wcieleniem bogini Bhudewi. (pl) Анда́ль или Анта́л (там. ஆண்டாள், IAST: Āṇḍāḷ) — тамильская поэтесса, единственная женщина среди двенадцати альваров. Жила предположительно в Южной Индии между VIII и IX веками. Сохранилось два поэтических произведения Андаль: «Тируппавай» и «Наччияр-тирумоли». История её жизни и произведения полностью посвящены любви к Вишну. В шри-вайшнавизме её почитают не только как живой образец бхакти, но и как воплощение Лакшми, супруги Вишну. Другое популярное имя Андаль — Года (Kodhai или Goda, «гирлянда») или богиня Года-деви. В своих стихах Андаль именует себя «Котаи» (Kotai). (ru) Andal (tamil:ஆண்டாள்) är ett tamilskt helgon från 1000-talet och är en av tolv (helgon) och den enda kvinnliga alvaren av Vaishnavismen. Hon anses ha skapat de viktiga tamilska verken och som fortfarande reciteras av trogna under vinterfestivalen . Andal är bäst känd för sin orubbliga hängivenhet till Vishnu och det hinduiska templet i är tillägnat henne. I vissa delar av Indien, framförallt i Tamil Nadu, behandlas hon som mer än ett helgon och tillbeds som en Gud, liknande traditionen med Buddha och Jesus. De trogna till religionen Vaishnavite anser henne som en form av (moder jord), den gudomliga makan till Vishnu. (sv) Andal é uma poetisa indiana, com obra escrita em tâmil (dialeto indiano). É uma dos doze , e a única mulher. (pt) Andal (Tamil: ஆண்டாள்) (Āndāl) ist eine hinduistische Mystikerin. Sie lebte vermutlich im 8. Jahrhundert und ist Verfasserin religiöser Hymnen zu Ehren Krishnas. Sie ist die zweitwichtigste einer Gruppe religiöser Dichter (Alvars) nach dem Poeten und gilt als einzige Frau in der Traditionslinie der religiösen Autoritäten (Gurus) des Vishnuismus. (de) Andal (Tamil: ஆண்டாள்) (Antal) est une mystique hindoue. Elle a probablement vécu au VIIIe siècle, d'autres suggérant le VIIe siècle, et est l'auteure de Stotra ou hymnes religieux en l'honneur de Vishnou et principalement à son avatar Kannan (Krishna). Elle est la deuxième en préséance des poètes Alvars, après Nammalvar et est la seule femme qui apparaisse comme autorité religieuse parmi les Gourous du Vishnouisme (Courant du Sri Vaishnavisme principalement). (fr) Āṇṭāḷ (in caratteri tamiḻ: ஆண்டாள்) è l'epiteto (lett. "Signora") con cui è maggiormente conosciuta Kōtai la mistica e poetessa tamiḻ vissuta intorno al IX secolo e inserita al 9º posto nell'elenco tradizionale dei dodici āḻvār, quei poeti e mistici hindū, di etnia tamiḻ, itineranti di tempio in tempio nell'India meridionale, vissuti tra il VI e il IX secolo d.C. che veneravano, in qualità di Dio, la Persona suprema, Māl (Māyōṉ), nome che in lingua tamiḻ intende indicare quella divinità che in sanscrito è nominata come Kṛṣṇa/Visnù/Nārāyaṇa ovvero il Kṛṣṇa della Bhagavadgītā e il Viṣṇu/Nārāyaṇa dei primi Purāṇa. (it) |
| rdfs:label | Andal (en) Andal (de) Andal (es) Andal (fr) Āṇṭāḷ (it) Andal (pl) Andal (pt) Андаль (ru) Andal (sv) |
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