| dbo:abstract |
The binomial system (Spanish: Sistema binominal) is a voting system that was used in the legislative elections of Chile between 1989 and 2013. From an electoral system point of view, the binomial system is in effect the D'Hondt method with an open list where every constituency returns two (hence the name) representatives to the legislative body. The fact that only two candidates are elected in each district results in the peculiarity where the second most supported list is over-represented. Its use was prescribed in the respective constitutional organic law during the Pinochet regime. The binomial system was invented in Poland in the 1980s under the Wojciech Jaruzelski regime, in order to foster political stability in the democratization process, maintaining the preeminence of the Polish United Workers' Party against the rise of the opposition movement Solidarity, being recognized as a system that promoted consensus and negotiation between opposing sides of government. The binomial system was considered by most analysts as the main constitutional lock that prevented completion of the Chilean transition to democracy. (en) Das binomiale Wahlsystem war eine Variante des Verhältniswahlrechts in kleinen Wahlkreisen. Dabei wurden pro Wahlkreis jeweils zwei Kandidaten gewählt (Zweipersonenwahlkreis) und nicht nach dem landesweiten Verhältnis der Stimmen bestimmt. Dieses Wahlsystem wurde von 1989 bis 2013 bei den Parlamentswahlen in Chile verwendet. (de) El sistema electoral binominal, conocido también como sistema binominal o simplemente binominal, es un sistema electoral mediante el cual se eligen dos cargos por circunscripción o distrito. Fue establecido en Chile para las elecciones parlamentarias de 1989, manteniéndose vigente hasta el 11 de marzo de 2015, fecha en que asumió el primer Congreso regido por el nuevo sistema electoral. (es) Le système binominal est un système électoral utilisé actuellement pour les élections parlementaires chiliennes. Le système binominal fut inventé dans la Pologne de Wojciech Jaruzelski et mis en place par le régime de Pinochet afin de favoriser la stabilité politique. Ce système est reconnu comme promouvant les consensus et la négociation entre les côtés opposés du gouvernement. (fr) Биномиа́льная избира́тельная систе́ма ― вид пропорциональной избирательной системы, используемый при многомандатных округах с открытыми списками кандидатов. Для подсчёта итогов применяется метод Д'Ондта. Применялась в Польской Народной республике после ввода военного режима генерала Ярузельского и до парламентских выборов 1991 года, а также в Чили во время военной диктатуры генерала Пиночета и до реформы 2013 года. (ru) 雙席位制（Binomial System）或稱「雙提名選舉制」（Binomial Electoral System）、「雙議席單票制」，是一種選舉制度。這項制度至今僅在1989年至2013年間於智利的國會選舉中實行，當時為皮諾契特下台前所設計的一種少數代表制，而這項制度在當地於2015年通過新選舉法以比例代表制取代，採用漢狄法，於2017年開始施行。 (zh) |
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Das binomiale Wahlsystem war eine Variante des Verhältniswahlrechts in kleinen Wahlkreisen. Dabei wurden pro Wahlkreis jeweils zwei Kandidaten gewählt (Zweipersonenwahlkreis) und nicht nach dem landesweiten Verhältnis der Stimmen bestimmt. Dieses Wahlsystem wurde von 1989 bis 2013 bei den Parlamentswahlen in Chile verwendet. (de) El sistema electoral binominal, conocido también como sistema binominal o simplemente binominal, es un sistema electoral mediante el cual se eligen dos cargos por circunscripción o distrito. Fue establecido en Chile para las elecciones parlamentarias de 1989, manteniéndose vigente hasta el 11 de marzo de 2015, fecha en que asumió el primer Congreso regido por el nuevo sistema electoral. (es) Le système binominal est un système électoral utilisé actuellement pour les élections parlementaires chiliennes. Le système binominal fut inventé dans la Pologne de Wojciech Jaruzelski et mis en place par le régime de Pinochet afin de favoriser la stabilité politique. Ce système est reconnu comme promouvant les consensus et la négociation entre les côtés opposés du gouvernement. (fr) Биномиа́льная избира́тельная систе́ма ― вид пропорциональной избирательной системы, используемый при многомандатных округах с открытыми списками кандидатов. Для подсчёта итогов применяется метод Д'Ондта. Применялась в Польской Народной республике после ввода военного режима генерала Ярузельского и до парламентских выборов 1991 года, а также в Чили во время военной диктатуры генерала Пиночета и до реформы 2013 года. (ru) 雙席位制（Binomial System）或稱「雙提名選舉制」（Binomial Electoral System）、「雙議席單票制」，是一種選舉制度。這項制度至今僅在1989年至2013年間於智利的國會選舉中實行，當時為皮諾契特下台前所設計的一種少數代表制，而這項制度在當地於2015年通過新選舉法以比例代表制取代，採用漢狄法，於2017年開始施行。 (zh) The binomial system (Spanish: Sistema binominal) is a voting system that was used in the legislative elections of Chile between 1989 and 2013. From an electoral system point of view, the binomial system is in effect the D'Hondt method with an open list where every constituency returns two (hence the name) representatives to the legislative body. The fact that only two candidates are elected in each district results in the peculiarity where the second most supported list is over-represented. Its use was prescribed in the respective constitutional organic law during the Pinochet regime. (en) |
| rdfs:label |
Binomiales Wahlsystem (de) Binomial voting (en) Sistema binominal (es) Système binominal (fr) Биномиальная избирательная система (ru) 雙席位制 (zh) |
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