Blood Road (original) (raw)
Als Blutstraße (norwegisch: blodveien) wird in der historischen Fachliteratur ein Straßenstück in Norwegen in der Kommune Saltdal bezeichnet, das unter hohen Verlusten durch vorwiegend jugoslawische Zwangsarbeiter errichtet wurde. Das Ziel war der Bau der Polarbahn als Verlängerung der bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt in Mosjøen endenden Eisenbahnstrecke. Insgesamt sollte eine durchgehende Straßen- bzw. Bahnverbindung nach Kirkenes errichtet werden. * Gedenkstein am Blutweg * Kriegsgefangenenlager bei Elvkroken in Sørfold, 1945
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| dbo:abstract | Als Blutstraße (norwegisch: blodveien) wird in der historischen Fachliteratur ein Straßenstück in Norwegen in der Kommune Saltdal bezeichnet, das unter hohen Verlusten durch vorwiegend jugoslawische Zwangsarbeiter errichtet wurde. Während der Okkupation Norwegens durch die deutsche Wehrmacht im Zweiten Weltkrieg wurden osteuropäische Kriegsgefangene (vorwiegend aus der Sowjetunion, Polen und Jugoslawien) unter Führung der OT-Einsatzgruppe Wiking mit Sitz in Oslo zum Straßen- und Eisenbahnbau eingesetzt. Insgesamt wurden 34.000 Kriegsgefangene von der Ostfront nach Norwegen gebracht und auf 54 Lager zwischen und dem Tysfjord verteilt. Das Ziel war der Bau der Polarbahn als Verlängerung der bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt in Mosjøen endenden Eisenbahnstrecke. Insgesamt sollte eine durchgehende Straßen- bzw. Bahnverbindung nach Kirkenes errichtet werden. Der Straßenabschnitt von nach wurde von den Kriegsgefangenen als Blutstraße bezeichnet. In der Umgebung, zum Beispiel bei Dalmovika, befinden sich Gedenktafeln. * Gedenkstein am Blutweg * Kriegsgefangenenlager bei Elvkroken in Sørfold, 1945 (de) The Blood Road (Norwegian: Blodveien) is a route northeast of Rognan in the municipality of Saltdal in Nordland county, Norway that was built by prisoners during the Second World War. The route was a new section of Norwegian National Road 50 between Rognan and Langset on the east side of Saltdal Fjord (Saltdalsfjorden), where there was a ferry service before the war. The specific incident that gave the road its name was a cross of blood that was painted on a rock cutting in June 1943. The blood came from a prisoner that was shot along the route, and the cross was painted by his brother. The prisoners lived in a primitive camp in the village of Botn, just 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) outside Rognan. The prisoners of war had very small daily rations, long working hours, poor clothing for winter use, primitive barracks, and miserable sanitation, and they were treated cruelly. The Botn camp was first led by the SS, and under their direction mass executions were also carried out. When the Wehrmacht took over management of the Botn camp in October 1943, the conditions gradually improved. The conditions further improved when the Red Cross learned of the camps and several inspections were conducted. The Botn camp was one of five original prisoner-of-war camps in Northern Norway. The camp held prisoners from Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, and Poland. The youngest prisoners of war were barely 12 years old. The conditions at all five camps were poor with high mortality. The number of prisoners in the Botn camp can only be estimated from testimonies of survivors. Almost 900 prisoners in total arrived at the camp; of these, about half died through execution, punishment, malnutrition, and exhaustion. By the war's end there were around 7,500 prisoners of war in Saltdal, but the number is uncertain. There were up to 18 camps from Saltfjellet (a mountain) and north to Saltdal Fjord, but the treatment that prisoners received in these camps was considerably better. In the trials held after the war, the camps were referred to as extermination camps. It shocked the Norwegian authorities that the Norwegian youths as young as 16 had served as guards in the camp. The youths were members of the (Guard Battalion of the Hird) set up under the (the Nasjonal Samling youth organization), and they treated the prisoners of war cruelly. In the postwar trials several Norwegian guards received prison sentences, and some of the German SS officers were sentenced to death by firing squad. (en) La carretera de sangre (en noruego, Blodveien) es una ruta al noreste de Rognan en el municipio de Saltdal en la provincia de Nordland, Noruega, que fue construida por prisioneros durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. La ruta era una nueva sección de la carretera nacional noruega 50 entre Rognan y , en el lado este del (en noruego, Saltdalsfjorden), donde había un servicio de ferry antes de la guerra. El incidente específico que dio el nombre a la carretera fue una cruz de sangre que fue pintada en un corte de roca en junio de 1943. La sangre provenía de un preso al que le dispararon en la ruta y la cruz fue pintada por su hermano. Los prisioneros vivían en un campo de prisioneros primitivo, en el pueblo de Botn, a solo 2 kilómetros de Rognan. Los prisioneros de guerra tenían raciones diarias muy escasas, largas jornadas de trabajo, poca ropa para el invierno, barracas pobres con unas instalaciones sanitarias miserable y eran tratados con crueldad. El campamento de Botn fue liderado inicialmente por las SS y bajo su dirección también se llevaron a cabo ejecuciones masivas. Cuando la Wehrmacht asumió la dirección del campo de Botn en octubre de 1943, las condiciones mejoraron gradualmente. Las condiciones mejoraron aún más cuando la Cruz Roja tuvo noticias de los campamentos y se llevaron a cabo varias inspecciones. El campo de Botn fue uno de los cinco campos de prisioneros de guerra originales en el norte de Noruega. El campo tenía prisioneros de Yugoslavia, la Unión Soviética y Polonia. Los prisioneros de guerra más jóvenes tenían apenas 12 años. Las condiciones en los cinco campamentos eran malas con una alta mortalidad. El número de prisioneros en el campo de Botn solo puede estimarse a partir de los testimonios de los supervivientes. Casi 900 prisioneros en total llegaron al campo; de éstos, aproximadamente la mitad murió por ejecución, castigo, desnutrición y agotamiento. Al final de la guerra, había alrededor de 7 500 prisioneros de guerra en Saltdal, pero el número exacto es incierto. Había hasta 18 campos, desde Saltfjellet (una montaña), al norte del fiordo de Saltdal, pero el trato que recibían los prisioneros en estos campos era considerablemente mejor. En los juicios que se llevaron a cabo después de la guerra, los campos se denominaron campos de exterminio. Las autoridades noruegas se sorprendieron al ver que jóvenes noruegos de tan solo 16 años habían servido como guardias en el campamento. Los jóvenes eran miembros del [Batallón de Guardia del Hird] creado como parte del (la organización juvenil del Nasjonal Samling), y trataban a los prisioneros de guerra con crueldad. En los juicios de posguerra, varios guardias noruegos fueron condenados a prisión y algunos de los oficiales de las SS alemanas fueron condenados a muerte por un pelotón de fusilamiento. (es) |
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| dbp:quote | I have constantly heard rumors about what they're doing up there, and the other day I received confirmation from a man who came from there on leave because he came into my office and said "Heil og sæl, I am a trained killer." He told me that the Serbs they are guarding up there were sentenced to death in Serbia, but for one reason or another were brought up to Finnmark, and from there they will not escape alive; and it is these young Hird members' despairing duty to finish off each of these prisoners. From what my informant said, and from what I have also heard from others, the treatment of these men is inhuman. He claimed that in the time he has been there they have had to kill about seven hundred by shooting or hanging. That the Fører's young idealistic political soldiers should have to perform this kind of service is impossible and must be completely rejected. (en) It appears certain that here one is dealing with pure annihilation camps and that the purpose was to systematically exterminate all of the prisoners. In the face of starvation, abuse, and hard work, the prisoners' health systematically failed, after which they either died or were euthanized as useless. (en) Regarding the guard battalion, I would like to ask you as soon as possible to withdraw it, and to send them to the Legion. Because the service these boys are performing is the most horrible I've ever heard of, since they are simply performing what was called "knacker service" in the Thirty Years' War for the Germans. (en) |
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| dbp:source | Norsk Retstidende, 1947, page 376 (en) Excerpt from a letter from Hird leader Oliver Møystad to Vidkun Quisling (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Als Blutstraße (norwegisch: blodveien) wird in der historischen Fachliteratur ein Straßenstück in Norwegen in der Kommune Saltdal bezeichnet, das unter hohen Verlusten durch vorwiegend jugoslawische Zwangsarbeiter errichtet wurde. Das Ziel war der Bau der Polarbahn als Verlängerung der bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt in Mosjøen endenden Eisenbahnstrecke. Insgesamt sollte eine durchgehende Straßen- bzw. Bahnverbindung nach Kirkenes errichtet werden. * Gedenkstein am Blutweg * Kriegsgefangenenlager bei Elvkroken in Sørfold, 1945 (de) The Blood Road (Norwegian: Blodveien) is a route northeast of Rognan in the municipality of Saltdal in Nordland county, Norway that was built by prisoners during the Second World War. The route was a new section of Norwegian National Road 50 between Rognan and Langset on the east side of Saltdal Fjord (Saltdalsfjorden), where there was a ferry service before the war. The specific incident that gave the road its name was a cross of blood that was painted on a rock cutting in June 1943. The blood came from a prisoner that was shot along the route, and the cross was painted by his brother. (en) La carretera de sangre (en noruego, Blodveien) es una ruta al noreste de Rognan en el municipio de Saltdal en la provincia de Nordland, Noruega, que fue construida por prisioneros durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. La ruta era una nueva sección de la carretera nacional noruega 50 entre Rognan y , en el lado este del (en noruego, Saltdalsfjorden), donde había un servicio de ferry antes de la guerra. El incidente específico que dio el nombre a la carretera fue una cruz de sangre que fue pintada en un corte de roca en junio de 1943. La sangre provenía de un preso al que le dispararon en la ruta y la cruz fue pintada por su hermano. (es) |
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