Bolshoy Dom (original) (raw)
Большой дом — неофициальное название административного здания в Санкт-Петербурге на Литейном проспекте, построенного в начале 1930-х для управления НКВД. В настоящее время в здании Федеральной службы безопасности Российской Федерации по Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области. С 2001 года Большой дом включён в перечень объектов исторического и культурного наследия общероссийского значения в Петербурге.
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| dbo:abstract | Bolshoy Dom (Russian: Большой дом, lit. the Big House) is an office building located at 4 Liteyny Avenue in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It is the headquarters of the local Saint Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast branches of the Federal Security Service of Russia (FSB) and Main Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The building is located in the Central District of Saint Petersburg at the beginning of Liteyny Prospekt, one block from the Neva River, at the site of Imperial Russian Old Armoury Building which burned down in 1917. It was originally constructed in 1931–32 for the Joint State Political Directorate (OGPU), the secret police of the Soviet Union at the time. The building was designed by Soviet architects Noi Trotsky, Alexander Gegello and Andrey Ol in the late Constructivist style. The Bolshoy Dom building is part of a larger complex which includes the detention facility on Shpalernaya Street, with both gaining notoriety as a prison during the Great Purge under Joseph Stalin. In July 1934, the building became local headquarters of the newly-created People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD), when the OGPU was reincorporated as the Main Directorate of State Security (GUGB) of the NKVD. Bolshoy Dom subsequently became the local headquarters for the more widely known Committee for State Security (KGB) when it replaced the NKVD, and remained under KGB usage until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Bolshoy Dom became the subject of numerous urban legends in Soviet and Russian culture due to its association with the secret police, including all buildings of the FSB being nicknamed Bolshoy Dom. The common conspiracy theory about the building is that it contains a large amount of secret underground floors, leading to jokes about Bolshoy Dom being the tallest building in Saint Petersburg. There is also a legend that the building survived the Siege of Leningrad during World War II because Nazi Germany was aware that German prisoners of war were housed in the top floor, preventing it from being bombed. (en) Большой дом — неофициальное название административного здания в Санкт-Петербурге на Литейном проспекте, построенного в начале 1930-х для управления НКВД. В настоящее время в здании Федеральной службы безопасности Российской Федерации по Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области. С 2001 года Большой дом включён в перечень объектов исторического и культурного наследия общероссийского значения в Петербурге. (ru) 大房子 (俄語：Большой дом,Bolshoy Dom) 是俄罗斯圣彼得堡的一座办公楼,位于中区的铸造厂大街（Liteyny Avenue）4号（北端），靠近涅瓦河。这里是聯邦安全局的圣彼得堡市和列宁格勒州分局总部以及俄罗斯联邦内务部的机构。 该建筑位于俄罗斯帝国1917年被烧毁的旧军械库建筑的旧址上。它最初建于1931-32年，属于当时苏联的秘密警察国家政治保卫总局（OGPU）。该建筑由苏联建筑师诺伊·托洛茨基、亚历山大·盖杰罗和安德烈·奥尔设计，为晚期构成主义风格。大房子所在的大型建筑群，还包括什帕莱纳亚街的监狱，两者在约瑟夫·维萨里奥诺维奇·斯大林时期的大清洗期间都是著名的监狱。1934年7月，该建筑成为新成立的内务人民委员部（NKVD）的地方总部，当时国家政治保卫总局被并入内务人民委员部，成为内务人民委员部国家安全总局（GUGB）。大房子后来成为广为人知的國家安全委員會 (蘇聯)（克格勃）的当地总部，并一直由克格勃使用，直到1991年苏联解体。 由于大房子与秘密警察有联系，已成为苏联和俄罗斯文化中众多都市传说的主题。一个常见的传说是，大房子有很多层秘密地下室，所以这座建筑是圣彼得堡最高的建筑。还有一个传说，该建筑在第二次世界大战期间列寧格勒圍城戰中幸存下来，是因为纳粹德国知道，德国战俘关押在顶层，所以没有去轰炸它。 (zh) |
| dbo:address | Liteyny Prospekt, 4 (en) |
| dbo:architect | dbr:Noi_Trotsky |
| dbo:architecturalStyle | dbr:Constructivism_(art) |
| dbo:buildingEndDate | 1932 |
| dbo:buildingStartDate | 1931 |
| dbo:location | dbr:Russia dbr:Saint_Petersburg |
| dbo:originalName | Большой Дом (en) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Big_House_on_Liteyny_prospect_in_Saint_Petersburg.jpg?width=300 |
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| dbp:address | Liteyny Prospekt, 4 (en) |
| dbp:architect | Alexander Gegello, Andrey Ol, Noi Trotsky (en) |
| dbp:architecturalStyle | dbr:Constructivism_(art) |
| dbp:buildingType | Administrative facility (en) |
| dbp:caption | View of Bolshoy Dom from Liteyny Avenue (en) |
| dbp:completionDate | 1932 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:currentTenants | dbr:Federal_Security_Service dbr:Russian_Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs |
| dbp:location | dbr:Russia dbr:Saint_Petersburg |
| dbp:name | Bolshoy Dom (en) |
| dbp:nativeName | Большой Дом (en) |
| dbp:nativeNameLang | ru (en) |
| dbp:startDate | 1931 (xsd:integer) |
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| rdfs:comment | Большой дом — неофициальное название административного здания в Санкт-Петербурге на Литейном проспекте, построенного в начале 1930-х для управления НКВД. В настоящее время в здании Федеральной службы безопасности Российской Федерации по Санкт-Петербургу и Ленинградской области. С 2001 года Большой дом включён в перечень объектов исторического и культурного наследия общероссийского значения в Петербурге. (ru) 大房子 (俄語：Большой дом,Bolshoy Dom) 是俄罗斯圣彼得堡的一座办公楼,位于中区的铸造厂大街（Liteyny Avenue）4号（北端），靠近涅瓦河。这里是聯邦安全局的圣彼得堡市和列宁格勒州分局总部以及俄罗斯联邦内务部的机构。 该建筑位于俄罗斯帝国1917年被烧毁的旧军械库建筑的旧址上。它最初建于1931-32年，属于当时苏联的秘密警察国家政治保卫总局（OGPU）。该建筑由苏联建筑师诺伊·托洛茨基、亚历山大·盖杰罗和安德烈·奥尔设计，为晚期构成主义风格。大房子所在的大型建筑群，还包括什帕莱纳亚街的监狱，两者在约瑟夫·维萨里奥诺维奇·斯大林时期的大清洗期间都是著名的监狱。1934年7月，该建筑成为新成立的内务人民委员部（NKVD）的地方总部，当时国家政治保卫总局被并入内务人民委员部，成为内务人民委员部国家安全总局（GUGB）。大房子后来成为广为人知的國家安全委員會 (蘇聯)（克格勃）的当地总部，并一直由克格勃使用，直到1991年苏联解体。 由于大房子与秘密警察有联系，已成为苏联和俄罗斯文化中众多都市传说的主题。一个常见的传说是，大房子有很多层秘密地下室，所以这座建筑是圣彼得堡最高的建筑。还有一个传说，该建筑在第二次世界大战期间列寧格勒圍城戰中幸存下来，是因为纳粹德国知道，德国战俘关押在顶层，所以没有去轰炸它。 (zh) Bolshoy Dom (Russian: Большой дом, lit. the Big House) is an office building located at 4 Liteyny Avenue in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It is the headquarters of the local Saint Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast branches of the Federal Security Service of Russia (FSB) and Main Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. (en) |
| rdfs:label | Bolshoy Dom (en) Большой дом (ru) 大房子 (圣彼得堡) (zh) |
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| geo:long | 30.349302 (xsd:float) |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Bolshoy_Dom?oldid=1101505431&ns=0 |
| foaf:depiction | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Big_House_on_Liteyny_prospect_in_Saint_Petersburg.jpg |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:Bolshoy_Dom |
| foaf:name | Bolshoy Dom (en) |
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