Caryae (original) (raw)
Caryae or Karyai (Ancient Greek: Κάρυαι) was a town of ancient Laconia upon the frontiers of Arcadia. It was originally an Arcadian town belonging to Tegea, but was conquered by the Spartans and annexed to their territory. Caryae revolted from Sparta after the Battle of Leuctra (371 BCE), and offered to guide a Theban army into Laconia; but shortly afterwards it was severely punished for its treachery, for Archidamus III took the town and put to death all the inhabitants who were made prisoners.
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| dbo:abstract | Caryae or Karyai (Ancient Greek: Κάρυαι) was a town of ancient Laconia upon the frontiers of Arcadia. It was originally an Arcadian town belonging to Tegea, but was conquered by the Spartans and annexed to their territory. Caryae revolted from Sparta after the Battle of Leuctra (371 BCE), and offered to guide a Theban army into Laconia; but shortly afterwards it was severely punished for its treachery, for Archidamus III took the town and put to death all the inhabitants who were made prisoners. Caryae was celebrated for its temple of Artemis Caryatis, and for the annual festival of this goddess, at which the Lacedaemonian virgins used to perform a peculiar kind of dance. This festival was of great antiquity, for in the Second Messenian War, Aristomenes is said to have carried off the Lacedaemonian virgins, who were dancing at Caryae in honour of Artemis. It was, perhaps, from this ancient dance of the Lacedaemonian maidens, that the Greek artists gave the name of Caryatid to the female figures which were employed in architecture instead of pillars. The tale of Vitruvius respecting the origin of these figures, is not entitled to any credit. He relates that Caryae revolted to the Persians after the Battle of Thermopylae; that it was in consequence destroyed by the allied Greeks, who killed the men and led the women into captivity; and that to commemorate the disgrace of the latter, representations of them were employed in architecture instead of columns. The exact position of Caryae has given rise to dispute. It is evident from the account of Pausanias, and from the history of more than one campaign that it was situated on the road from Tegea to Sparta. Modern scholars place its site near the modern Karyes, formerly Arachova, but renamed to reflect association with the ancient town. (en) Carias (en griego, Καρύαι) es el nombre de una antigua ciudad griega de Laconia. Debe distinguirse de otra ciudad de su mismo nombre ubicada en Arcadia y de la región de Caria (en Asia Menor, cuya capital es Halicarnaso). Es citada por Pausanias, que dice que estaba en un desvío del camino que iba desde los hermas hasta Selasia. Destaca de la ciudad el culto que se rendía a Artemisa y a las ninfas. Además del santuario de Artemisa, había una estatua de Artemisa Cariátide al aire libre donde las muchachas laconias danzaban cada año. Pausanias narra un suceso de tiempos de Aristómenes en el que este caudillo mesenio raptó a algunas de las doncellas que bailaban en Carias durante la fiesta de Artemisa. Algunos de sus hombres, embriagados, quisieron forzarlas, y Aristómenes mató a algunos de ellos. Luego devolvió a las doncellas, a cambio de riquezas. Tucídides, por su parte, la cita en el marco del inicio de una expedición militar de los espartanos durante la Guerra del Peloponeso. El historiador dice que los espartanos llegaron hasta Carias pero no fueron más allá porque los presagios les eran desfavorables y decidieron volver atrás. En otro momento histórico, Jenofonte relata que después de la batalla de Leuctra (371 a. C.) algunos habitantes de Carias se ofrecieron a guiar a los tebanos contra los lacedemonios, así que los tebanos entraron en Laconia por Carias y allí se les unieron después los arcadios, que habían entrado por Eo. Sin embargo, posteriormente el espartano Arquidamo tomó Carias y degolló a los que no pudieron escapar. Se hallaba al noreste de Esparta, en una zona próxima a los límites con Arcadia, no lejos de Tegea. (es) |
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| dbo:wikiPageWikiLink | dbr:Battle_of_Leuctra dbr:Battle_of_Thermopylae dbr:Archidamus_III dbr:Pausanias_(geographer) dbr:Thebes,_Greece dbr:Aristomenes dbr:Ancient_Arcadia dbr:Ancient_Laconia dbr:Ancient_Sparta dbr:Ancient_Persia dbr:Vitruvius dbr:Tegea dbc:Former_populated_places_in_Greece dbc:Populated_places_in_ancient_Arcadia dbc:Populated_places_in_ancient_Laconia dbr:Karyes dbr:Artemis dbr:Caryatid dbr:Second_Messenian_War |
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| georss:point | 37.3308 22.444 |
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| rdfs:comment | Caryae or Karyai (Ancient Greek: Κάρυαι) was a town of ancient Laconia upon the frontiers of Arcadia. It was originally an Arcadian town belonging to Tegea, but was conquered by the Spartans and annexed to their territory. Caryae revolted from Sparta after the Battle of Leuctra (371 BCE), and offered to guide a Theban army into Laconia; but shortly afterwards it was severely punished for its treachery, for Archidamus III took the town and put to death all the inhabitants who were made prisoners. (en) Carias (en griego, Καρύαι) es el nombre de una antigua ciudad griega de Laconia. Debe distinguirse de otra ciudad de su mismo nombre ubicada en Arcadia y de la región de Caria (en Asia Menor, cuya capital es Halicarnaso). Es citada por Pausanias, que dice que estaba en un desvío del camino que iba desde los hermas hasta Selasia. Destaca de la ciudad el culto que se rendía a Artemisa y a las ninfas. Además del santuario de Artemisa, había una estatua de Artemisa Cariátide al aire libre donde las muchachas laconias danzaban cada año. (es) |
| rdfs:label | Carias (Laconia) (es) Caryae (en) |
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