| dbo:abstract |
Chen Baozhen (Chinese: 陳寶箴; pinyin: Chén Bǎozhēn; 1831–1900) was a Chinese statesman and reformer during the Qing dynasty. Chen was born in Tingzhou (Now Shanghang County). His family originated from Xiushui County in Jiangxi province. He obtained the second highest degree in the imperial examinations in 1851. During the Self-Strengthening Movement, Chen became closely associated with Zeng Guofan's efforts to rearm China. In 1895, he was appointed governor of Hunan province, where he carried out a reform program with the aid of Tan Sitong and Liang Qichao. Chen's sympathies to the Hundred Days' Reform attracted criticism from his superiors, especially Empress Dowager Cixi who distrusted reformists such as Chen Baozhen. He was dismissed from his post in 1898 after the failure of the Hundred days' Reform. Without the support of Guangxu Emperor Chen was no longer protected from conservatives' criticism. Chen died in Nanjing two years later. During his term in Hunan, Chen promoted his reform with the goal of modernizing Hunan. It was one of the first actual reform carried out in modern China. He also founded the first school in Hunan province which was known for its revolutionary ideals. During the reform, Chen appointed Liang Qichao and Tan Sitong who were active advocates of modernization, a move that met with resistance from Hunan's local conservative gentry. The conservatives disdained the implementation of Western schools in Hunan and set up obstacles for reformists. In order to silence his conservative opponents, Chen enforced censorship on local newspapers. However, conservative pressure on Chen's reform eventually brought an abrupt end to the reform. Although Chen did not complete the modernization of Hunan, younger elite scholars were influenced by his endeavour. By the early 20th century, Hunan had become one of the most radical reformist provinces in China. Mao Zedong, the founder of the People's Republic of China, was among the younger elites who were influenced by Hunanese reformist ideals. Chen Baozhen's grandson Chen Yinke was acknowledged as a leading historian of Chinese history. One of his great-grandsons, Chen Fenghuai, was a pioneer of botanic studies in China. (en) 陳 宝箴（ちん ほうしん、Chen Baozhen、1831年 - 1900年）は、清末の変法派の官僚。字は右銘。 江西省南昌府義寧州（現在の江西省九江市修水県）出身。1851年、挙人となった。団練を率いて太平天国軍と戦い、義寧州城の回復に功があったため、知県候補に挙げられた。1862年、安慶で曽国藩と面会し、「海内奇士」と賞された。洋務運動時期には、曽国藩のもとで軍備強化に尽力した。1895年、湖南巡撫に就任。当時、湖南省では黄遵憲・・・・熊希齢・梁啓超・唐才常・譚嗣同・皮錫瑞、子の陳三立などが変法派として活動していた。彼自身も変法派に積極的にかかわり、湖南省の各州県に『湘学報』を定期購読するように命じた。1897年には長沙に時務学堂が建設されるのを援助し、1898年2月には南学会で講演を行っている。こうして湖南省は変法派の重要な拠点となった。そのため守旧派から攻撃され、楊深秀の弁護で事なきを得たこともあった。陳宝箴は「湖南の開化を己の任務としていた」（梁啓超）のである。しかし戊戌の政変がおきると、陳宝箴は劉光第・楊鋭を推薦したことで「奸邪を招引した」として罷免された。江西省南昌府に引退し、1900年に南京に転居したがその年に死去した。 子は詩人の陳三立、孫は画家の陳衡恪と歴史学者の陳寅恪である。 (ja) 陳寶箴（1831年－1900年7月22日），字右銘，谱名观善，江西南昌義寧人，晚清維新派政治家。 (zh) |
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陳 宝箴（ちん ほうしん、Chen Baozhen、1831年 - 1900年）は、清末の変法派の官僚。字は右銘。 江西省南昌府義寧州（現在の江西省九江市修水県）出身。1851年、挙人となった。団練を率いて太平天国軍と戦い、義寧州城の回復に功があったため、知県候補に挙げられた。1862年、安慶で曽国藩と面会し、「海内奇士」と賞された。洋務運動時期には、曽国藩のもとで軍備強化に尽力した。1895年、湖南巡撫に就任。当時、湖南省では黄遵憲・・・・熊希齢・梁啓超・唐才常・譚嗣同・皮錫瑞、子の陳三立などが変法派として活動していた。彼自身も変法派に積極的にかかわり、湖南省の各州県に『湘学報』を定期購読するように命じた。1897年には長沙に時務学堂が建設されるのを援助し、1898年2月には南学会で講演を行っている。こうして湖南省は変法派の重要な拠点となった。そのため守旧派から攻撃され、楊深秀の弁護で事なきを得たこともあった。陳宝箴は「湖南の開化を己の任務としていた」（梁啓超）のである。しかし戊戌の政変がおきると、陳宝箴は劉光第・楊鋭を推薦したことで「奸邪を招引した」として罷免された。江西省南昌府に引退し、1900年に南京に転居したがその年に死去した。 子は詩人の陳三立、孫は画家の陳衡恪と歴史学者の陳寅恪である。 (ja) 陳寶箴（1831年－1900年7月22日），字右銘，谱名观善，江西南昌義寧人，晚清維新派政治家。 (zh) Chen Baozhen (Chinese: 陳寶箴; pinyin: Chén Bǎozhēn; 1831–1900) was a Chinese statesman and reformer during the Qing dynasty. Chen was born in Tingzhou (Now Shanghang County). His family originated from Xiushui County in Jiangxi province. He obtained the second highest degree in the imperial examinations in 1851. During the Self-Strengthening Movement, Chen became closely associated with Zeng Guofan's efforts to rearm China. In 1895, he was appointed governor of Hunan province, where he carried out a reform program with the aid of Tan Sitong and Liang Qichao. Chen's sympathies to the Hundred Days' Reform attracted criticism from his superiors, especially Empress Dowager Cixi who distrusted reformists such as Chen Baozhen. (en) |
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Chen Baozhen (en) 陳宝箴 (ja) 陈宝箴 (zh) |
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