Christopher Jarzynski (original) (raw)
Christopher Jarzynski is an American physicist and Distinguished University Professor at University of Maryland's Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Physics, and Institute for Physical Science and Technology, and fellow of the National Academy of Sciences. He is known for his contributions to non-equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, for which he was awarded the 2019 Lars Onsager Prize. In 1997, he derived the now famous Jarzynski equality, confirmation of which was cited by the Nobel Committee for Physics as an application of one of the winning inventions of the 2018 Nobel Prize in physics—optical tweezers.
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| dbo:abstract | Christopher Jarzynski (* 23. November 1965 in Washington, D.C.) ist ein US-amerikanischer Physiker. Christopher Jarzynski studierte Physik an der Princeton University mit dem Bachelor-Abschluss 1987 und wurde 1994 an der University of California, Berkeley, promoviert. In seiner Dissertation bei Wladyslaw Swiatecki untersuchte er adiabatische Invarianten chaotischer Systeme der klassischen Physik. Als Post-Doktorand war er 1994 bis 1996 am Institut für Kerntheorie der University of Washington. Ab 1999 war er am Los Alamos National Laboratory bevor er 2006 Associate Professor und ab 2010 Professor an der University of Maryland in College Park wurde. Er ist dort Distinguished Professor für Chemie und Biochemie mit gleichzeitiger Anstellung in der Abteilung Physik und am Institute for Science and Technology, dessen Direktor er 2014 bis 2019 war. Er befasst sich mit statistischer Mechanik des Nichtgleichgewichts und ist insbesondere bekannt für die Untersuchung der Anwendung der Gesetze der Thermodynamik auf Systeme im Nanobereich. Dabei untersuchte er auch biologische Systeme, einzelne Moleküle und molekulare Maschinen, die Thermodynamik von Informationsverarbeitung (u. a. Modelle für Maxwell's Dämon) und Adiabatische Zustandsänderungen in quantenmechanischen, klassischen und stochastischen Systemen. Das Adiabatische Theorem der Quantenmechanik erlaubt Kontrolle quantenmechanischer Systeme, solange die Zustandsänderung langsam verläuft, Jarzynski untersuche, inwieweit die Kontrolle auch bei schnelleren Änderungen bestehen bleibt. In seiner Zeit in Los Alamos befasste er sich auch mit Proteinstrukturvorhersage. 1997 fand er eine Identität (Jarzynski-Gleichung) die Fluktuationen im Nichtgleichgewicht mit den Differenzen der freien Energie im Gleichgewicht verbindet. Sie wurde experimentell vielfach bestätigt und fand Anwendungen in Biophysik und Chemie. Er ist Fellow der American Physical Society und der American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Jarzynski erhielt 2005 den Sackler-Preis für Chemie (Physical Science) und 2019 den Lars-Onsager-Preis. 2020 wurde er Mitglied der National Academy of Sciences. (de) Christopher Jarzynski is an American physicist and Distinguished University Professor at University of Maryland's Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Physics, and Institute for Physical Science and Technology, and fellow of the National Academy of Sciences. He is known for his contributions to non-equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, for which he was awarded the 2019 Lars Onsager Prize. In 1997, he derived the now famous Jarzynski equality, confirmation of which was cited by the Nobel Committee for Physics as an application of one of the winning inventions of the 2018 Nobel Prize in physics—optical tweezers. (en) Christopher Jarzynski (Washington DC, 23 novembre 1965) è un fisico statunitense specializzato nel campo della meccanica statistica del non equilibrio. È noto in particolare per l'uguaglianza di Jarzynski, la cui conferma per mezzo delle pinzette ottiche fu citata dal comitato del Nobel per la fisica come una delle applicazioni più importanti di tale tecnologia, premiata con il premio Nobel per la fisica 2018. Nel 2019 ha ricevuto il premio Lars Onsager per le sue ricerche. (it) |
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| rdfs:comment | Christopher Jarzynski is an American physicist and Distinguished University Professor at University of Maryland's Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Physics, and Institute for Physical Science and Technology, and fellow of the National Academy of Sciences. He is known for his contributions to non-equilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, for which he was awarded the 2019 Lars Onsager Prize. In 1997, he derived the now famous Jarzynski equality, confirmation of which was cited by the Nobel Committee for Physics as an application of one of the winning inventions of the 2018 Nobel Prize in physics—optical tweezers. (en) Christopher Jarzynski (Washington DC, 23 novembre 1965) è un fisico statunitense specializzato nel campo della meccanica statistica del non equilibrio. È noto in particolare per l'uguaglianza di Jarzynski, la cui conferma per mezzo delle pinzette ottiche fu citata dal comitato del Nobel per la fisica come una delle applicazioni più importanti di tale tecnologia, premiata con il premio Nobel per la fisica 2018. Nel 2019 ha ricevuto il premio Lars Onsager per le sue ricerche. (it) Christopher Jarzynski (* 23. November 1965 in Washington, D.C.) ist ein US-amerikanischer Physiker. Christopher Jarzynski studierte Physik an der Princeton University mit dem Bachelor-Abschluss 1987 und wurde 1994 an der University of California, Berkeley, promoviert. In seiner Dissertation bei Wladyslaw Swiatecki untersuchte er adiabatische Invarianten chaotischer Systeme der klassischen Physik. Als Post-Doktorand war er 1994 bis 1996 am Institut für Kerntheorie der University of Washington. Ab 1999 war er am Los Alamos National Laboratory bevor er 2006 Associate Professor und ab 2010 Professor an der University of Maryland in College Park wurde. Er ist dort Distinguished Professor für Chemie und Biochemie mit gleichzeitiger Anstellung in der Abteilung Physik und am Institute for Science (de) |
| rdfs:label | Christopher Jarzynski (en) Christopher Jarzynski (de) Christopher Jarzynski (it) クリス・ジャルジンスキー (ja) |
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