Clarence Birdseye (original) (raw)
Clarence Birdseye (* 9. Dezember 1886 in Brooklyn, New York; † 7. Oktober 1956 in Manhattan, New York) war ein amerikanischer Biologe und gilt als Erfinder der Tiefkühlkost.
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| dbo:abstract | Clarence Birdseye (* 9. Dezember 1886 in Brooklyn, New York; † 7. Oktober 1956 in Manhattan, New York) war ein amerikanischer Biologe und gilt als Erfinder der Tiefkühlkost. (de) Clarence Birdseye (December 9, 1886 – October 7, 1956) was an American inventor, entrepreneur, and naturalist, considered the founder of the modern frozen food industry. He founded the frozen food company Birds Eye. Among his inventions during his career was the double belt freezer. One of nine children, Birdseye grew up in Brooklyn before heading to Amherst College and began his scientific career with the U.S. government. A biography of his life was published by Doubleday over a half century after his death. (en) Clarence Birdseye (9 décembre 1886 – 7 octobre 1956) est considéré comme le père des techniques de conservation des aliments par le froid et plus particulièrement des techniques de congélation. En 1912-15, alors qu’il vivait avec sa famille au Labrador il constata que des légumes et d’autres aliments plongés dans de l’eau fortement salée et exposés au vent glacial de l’Arctique pouvaient être conservés sans perdre leur saveur. De retour aux États-Unis, il fit des études de Biologie et continua ses expérimentations sur le sujet. Il nota que les poissons gelés très rapidement avec un courant d’air froid apparaissaient comme « frais » après décongélation. En 1922, il fonda la Birdseye Seafoods Inc. pour exploiter cette découverte mais la compagnie fit faillite en 1924. En 1925, il s’installa à Gloucester, Massachusetts qui était l’un des principaux ports morutiers des États-Unis et fonda la General Seafood Co. pour exploiter sa dernière invention le double belt freezer (surgélateur à double courroie, brevet américain #1,773,079). Celle-ci consistait à utiliser un liquide réfrigérant (de l’eau salée très froide) pour refroidir une courroie en acier inoxydable sur laquelle était disposée le poisson emballé qui gelait ainsi très rapidement. Birdseye continua à améliorer la technique et à déposer des brevets. En 1927, il commença à étendre la technique à la viande, aux fruits et légumes. En 1929, la General Seafood Co. fut vendue à Goldman Sachs et à la qui rebaptisèrent la compagnie du nom de General Foods. En 1930 fut lancée la première tentative de vente d’aliments surgelés auprès du grand public. Ce fut un énorme succès. En 1946, il améliora sa technique de congélation grâce à la lyophilisation, qui consiste en plus à déshydrater l’aliment. À sa mort, Birdseye détenait 250 brevets. (fr) Fear gnó is ceapadóir a rugadh i Nua-Eabhrac ab ea Clarence Birdseye (9 Nollaig 1886-8 Deireadh Fómhair 1956). Tá cáil air as próiseas a shaothrú chun bianna a reo i bpacáistí beaga atá oiriúnach le miondíol. Bhí Birdseye ina uachtarán ar chomhlacht Birdseye Frozen Foods (1930-1934) agus an Birdseye Electric Company (1935-1938). Deirtear go raibh timpeall 300 paitinn aige. Ar 6 Márta 1930, chuaigh bia reoite de chuid Clarence Birdseye ar díol i Springfield, Massachusetts don chéad uair. (ga) Clarence Birdseye (Brooklyn, 9 dicembre 1886 – Manhattan, 7 ottobre 1956) è stato un inventore, biologo e imprenditore statunitense. Considerato il fondatore della moderna industria del cibo surgelato, Birdseye si interessò alla conservazione del cibo per congelamento quando lavorava come naturalista per il governo statunitense in Labrador dal 1912 al 1915. Apprese dagli inuit le tecniche di «ice fishing» (pescare il pesce da sotto ghiaccio molto spesso). A temperature ambiente di -40 °C scoprì che il pesce congelava quasi immediatamente e al momento dello scongelamento risultava ancora molto fresco. Sapeva che i prodotti ittici congelati che si vendevano a New York erano di qualità inferiore rispetto al pesce congelato del Labrador proprio perché erano adottate temperature operative più elevate. Nel 1922 Birdseye condusse esperimenti di surgelamento del pesce alla Clothel Refrigerating Company e successivamente fondò la propria azienda, Birdseye Seafoods Inc., per surgelare filetti di merluzzo con aria raffreddata a -43 °C. (it) Clarence Birdseye (Brooklyn, 9 december 1886 – Manhattan, 7 oktober 1956) was een Amerikaanse uitvinder, ondernemer en naturalist, die beschouwd wordt als grondlegger van de moderne diepvriesindustrie. Hij ontwikkelde de techniek van de snelkoeling en vond verschillende types van industriële diepvriezers uit. (nl) クラレンス・バーズアイ（英：Clarence Birdseye、1886年12月9日 – 1956年10月7日）は、アメリカ合衆国の発明家・実業家・博物学者。現代的な冷凍食品産業の創始者と言われ、ダブルベルト冷凍機の発明で知られる。冷凍食品会社・の創業者である。 (ja) Кларенс Франк Бёрдсай II (англ. Clarence Frank Birdseye II; 9 декабря 1886 — 7 октября 1956) — американский изобретатель, предприниматель и естествоиспытатель, считается автором идеи заморозки в современной пищевой промышленности. (ru) Clarence Frank Birdseye II (Brooklyn, 9 de dezembro de 1886 – Manhattan, 7 de outubro de 1956) foi um inventor, empresário e naturalista estadunidense, considerado o fundador da indústria de alimentos congelados moderna. Um de nove filhos, Birdseye cresceu no Brooklyn antes de ir para a Universidade de Amherst e começar sua carreira científica com o governo dos Estados Unidos. Entre suas invenções está o freezer de esteiras duplas. (pt) Кларенс Франк Бердсай II (9 грудня, 1886 — 7 жовтня, 1956) — американський винахідник, людина, що придумала сучасну заморожену їжу. (uk) |
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| dbp:parents | Ada Jane Underwood (en) Clarence Frank Birdseye (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Clarence Birdseye (* 9. Dezember 1886 in Brooklyn, New York; † 7. Oktober 1956 in Manhattan, New York) war ein amerikanischer Biologe und gilt als Erfinder der Tiefkühlkost. (de) Clarence Birdseye (December 9, 1886 – October 7, 1956) was an American inventor, entrepreneur, and naturalist, considered the founder of the modern frozen food industry. He founded the frozen food company Birds Eye. Among his inventions during his career was the double belt freezer. One of nine children, Birdseye grew up in Brooklyn before heading to Amherst College and began his scientific career with the U.S. government. A biography of his life was published by Doubleday over a half century after his death. (en) Fear gnó is ceapadóir a rugadh i Nua-Eabhrac ab ea Clarence Birdseye (9 Nollaig 1886-8 Deireadh Fómhair 1956). Tá cáil air as próiseas a shaothrú chun bianna a reo i bpacáistí beaga atá oiriúnach le miondíol. Bhí Birdseye ina uachtarán ar chomhlacht Birdseye Frozen Foods (1930-1934) agus an Birdseye Electric Company (1935-1938). Deirtear go raibh timpeall 300 paitinn aige. Ar 6 Márta 1930, chuaigh bia reoite de chuid Clarence Birdseye ar díol i Springfield, Massachusetts don chéad uair. (ga) Clarence Birdseye (Brooklyn, 9 december 1886 – Manhattan, 7 oktober 1956) was een Amerikaanse uitvinder, ondernemer en naturalist, die beschouwd wordt als grondlegger van de moderne diepvriesindustrie. Hij ontwikkelde de techniek van de snelkoeling en vond verschillende types van industriële diepvriezers uit. (nl) クラレンス・バーズアイ（英：Clarence Birdseye、1886年12月9日 – 1956年10月7日）は、アメリカ合衆国の発明家・実業家・博物学者。現代的な冷凍食品産業の創始者と言われ、ダブルベルト冷凍機の発明で知られる。冷凍食品会社・の創業者である。 (ja) Кларенс Франк Бёрдсай II (англ. Clarence Frank Birdseye II; 9 декабря 1886 — 7 октября 1956) — американский изобретатель, предприниматель и естествоиспытатель, считается автором идеи заморозки в современной пищевой промышленности. (ru) Clarence Frank Birdseye II (Brooklyn, 9 de dezembro de 1886 – Manhattan, 7 de outubro de 1956) foi um inventor, empresário e naturalista estadunidense, considerado o fundador da indústria de alimentos congelados moderna. Um de nove filhos, Birdseye cresceu no Brooklyn antes de ir para a Universidade de Amherst e começar sua carreira científica com o governo dos Estados Unidos. Entre suas invenções está o freezer de esteiras duplas. (pt) Кларенс Франк Бердсай II (9 грудня, 1886 — 7 жовтня, 1956) — американський винахідник, людина, що придумала сучасну заморожену їжу. (uk) Clarence Birdseye (9 décembre 1886 – 7 octobre 1956) est considéré comme le père des techniques de conservation des aliments par le froid et plus particulièrement des techniques de congélation. En 1912-15, alors qu’il vivait avec sa famille au Labrador il constata que des légumes et d’autres aliments plongés dans de l’eau fortement salée et exposés au vent glacial de l’Arctique pouvaient être conservés sans perdre leur saveur. En 1946, il améliora sa technique de congélation grâce à la lyophilisation, qui consiste en plus à déshydrater l’aliment. À sa mort, Birdseye détenait 250 brevets. (fr) Clarence Birdseye (Brooklyn, 9 dicembre 1886 – Manhattan, 7 ottobre 1956) è stato un inventore, biologo e imprenditore statunitense. Considerato il fondatore della moderna industria del cibo surgelato, Birdseye si interessò alla conservazione del cibo per congelamento quando lavorava come naturalista per il governo statunitense in Labrador dal 1912 al 1915. Nel 1922 Birdseye condusse esperimenti di surgelamento del pesce alla Clothel Refrigerating Company e successivamente fondò la propria azienda, Birdseye Seafoods Inc., per surgelare filetti di merluzzo con aria raffreddata a -43 °C. (it) |
| rdfs:label | Clarence Birdseye (en) Clarence Birdseye (de) Clarence Birdseye (ga) Clarence Birdseye (fr) Clarence Birdseye (it) クラレンス・バーズアイ (ja) Clarence Birdseye (nl) Бёрдсай, Кларенс (ru) Clarence Birdseye (pt) Кларенс Бердсай (uk) |
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