Code-excited linear prediction (original) (raw)

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Code-excited linear prediction (CELP) is a linear predictive speech coding algorithm originally proposed by Manfred R. Schroeder and Bishnu S. Atal in 1985. At the time, it provided significantly better quality than existing low bit-rate algorithms, such as residual-excited linear prediction (RELP) and linear predictive coding (LPC) vocoders (e.g., FS-1015). Along with its variants, such as algebraic CELP, relaxed CELP, low-delay CELP and vector sum excited linear prediction, it is currently the most widely used speech coding algorithm. It is also used in MPEG-4 Audio speech coding. CELP is commonly used as a generic term for a class of algorithms and not for a particular codec.

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dbo:abstract Code(-book) Excited Linear Prediction (CELP) ist ein hybrides Verfahren zur Audiodatenkompression, das die Vorteile der Signalformkodierung mittels Vektorquantisierung und der parametrischen Verfahren vereint. Das Ergebnis ist eine gute Sprachqualität, die auch bei niedrigen Datenübertragungsraten von 4 bis 16 kbit/s in etwa der von Puls-Code-Modulation entspricht. Das Verfahren ist im Teil 3 des MPEG-4-Standards (ISO/IEC 14496-3) beschrieben. Die Grundlage für die meisten Hybridcodierverfahren ist die Codierung mittels linearer Prädiktion (Linear Predictive Coding, LPC), dessen verbleibendes Restsignal durch „Nachschlagen“ (Quantisierung) in einer Tabelle komprimiert wird – üblicherweise werden 40 Abtastwerte (5-ms-Signal) durch 10 bit (Tabelle mit 1024 Einträgen) abgebildet. Durch die Tabellensuche ist die Komprimierung aufwändiger und ressourcenintensiver als die Dekomprimierung. Der größte Nachteil von CELP, eine Signalverzögerung von etwa 50 ms, wurde in dem 1992 standardisierten G.728 „low-delay CELP codec“ auf unter 2 ms reduziert. Eine patentierte Weiterentwicklung des Verfahrens stellt der Algebraic Code Excited Linear Prediction (ACELP) dar. (de) Code-excited linear prediction (CELP) is a linear predictive speech coding algorithm originally proposed by Manfred R. Schroeder and Bishnu S. Atal in 1985. At the time, it provided significantly better quality than existing low bit-rate algorithms, such as residual-excited linear prediction (RELP) and linear predictive coding (LPC) vocoders (e.g., FS-1015). Along with its variants, such as algebraic CELP, relaxed CELP, low-delay CELP and vector sum excited linear prediction, it is currently the most widely used speech coding algorithm. It is also used in MPEG-4 Audio speech coding. CELP is commonly used as a generic term for a class of algorithms and not for a particular codec. (en) CELP(Code Excitation Linear Prediction)는 음성 부호화 기술로 현재 거의 주로 사용되는 G.729, AMR, iLBC EVRC 등이 CELP 기반의 음성 부호화기이다. 본 기법은 음성이 (linear_prediction)을 통해 얻을 수 있다는 가정으로 개발된다. 음성을 부호화하는 데 있어서 선형예측 계수와 여기신호(excitation signal)로 이루어진다.일반적으로 선형 예측 계수는 LSP를 이용하여 부호화되며 여기신호는 몇 개의 codebook을 이용하여 부호화한다. CELP를 기반으로 발전한 부호화 기법으로는 ACELP, CS-CELP 등이 있다. (ko) Code Excited Linear Prediction（CELP、セルプ）は線形予測符号・ベクトル量子化・合成による分析を組み合わせた音声符号化アルゴリズムである。直訳すると「符号励振線形予測」。 CELPは当時の既存の低ビットレートのアルゴリズム（RELP、LPC、ヴォコーダーのFS-1015など）に比べて格段に優れた音質を示した。様々な派生が生まれ（ACELP、RCELP、LD-CELP、VSELPなど）、現在最も広く使われている音声符号化アルゴリズムである。CELPはこのアルゴリズムのクラスを指す用語であり、特定のコーデックを指す用語ではない。 (ja) Codebook Excited Linear Prediction (CELP) è un algoritmo di codifica vocale proposto in origine nel 1985 da M.R. Schroeder e B.S. Atal.Alla sua introduzione, migliorò notevolmente la qualità dei vocoder a basso bitrate presenti, tra i quali ricordiamo l'LPC.È presente in parecchie varianti: le più importanti sono ACELP, RCELP, LD-CELP e VSELP.Gli algoritmi di codifica di tipo CELP sono i più diffusi oggigiorno per la voce.Attualmente viene utilizzata per la codifica audio dello standard MPEG-4. (it) A Predição linear com excitação por código é um algoritmo que foi inicialmente proposto por M.R. Schroeder e B.S. Atal em 1985. Está entre os três decodificadores que utilizam procedimento de análise-por-síntese (cadeia fechada) com base em predição linear (LPAS). Junto de suas variações (ACELP, RCELP, LD-CELP e VSELP), é o algoritmo de codificação de fala mais utilizado atualmente. (pt) Кодирование на основе линейного предсказания и кодового возбуждения (англ. Code Excited Linear Prediction, CELP) представляет собой алгоритм кодирования речи, первоначально предложенный Манфредом Шрёдером и Б. С. Аталом в 1985 году. В то время алгоритм обеспечивал значительно лучшее качество, чем существовавшие тогда алгоритмы с низким битрейтом, такие, как аудиокодеки и (например, ). Наряду с вариантами, как, например, , , и , на сегодня это наиболее широко используемый алгоритм кодирования речи. CELP в настоящее время используется как общий термин для класса алгоритмов, а не для определенного кодека. (ru) 码激励线性预测（英語：Code-excited linear prediction，简称CELP）是一种語音編碼算法，最早由和在1985年提出。在当时，它能提供比其他低比特率算法更好的质量，包括如和线性预测编码聲碼器（例如）。它存在不少变种，例如、、和（VSELP）编码。它是目前使用最广泛的语音编码算法。它也被用于语音编码器。CELP通常是一个通用术语，指一类算法而非特定编解码器。 (zh)
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rdfs:comment Code-excited linear prediction (CELP) is a linear predictive speech coding algorithm originally proposed by Manfred R. Schroeder and Bishnu S. Atal in 1985. At the time, it provided significantly better quality than existing low bit-rate algorithms, such as residual-excited linear prediction (RELP) and linear predictive coding (LPC) vocoders (e.g., FS-1015). Along with its variants, such as algebraic CELP, relaxed CELP, low-delay CELP and vector sum excited linear prediction, it is currently the most widely used speech coding algorithm. It is also used in MPEG-4 Audio speech coding. CELP is commonly used as a generic term for a class of algorithms and not for a particular codec. (en) CELP(Code Excitation Linear Prediction)는 음성 부호화 기술로 현재 거의 주로 사용되는 G.729, AMR, iLBC EVRC 등이 CELP 기반의 음성 부호화기이다. 본 기법은 음성이 (linear_prediction)을 통해 얻을 수 있다는 가정으로 개발된다. 음성을 부호화하는 데 있어서 선형예측 계수와 여기신호(excitation signal)로 이루어진다.일반적으로 선형 예측 계수는 LSP를 이용하여 부호화되며 여기신호는 몇 개의 codebook을 이용하여 부호화한다. CELP를 기반으로 발전한 부호화 기법으로는 ACELP, CS-CELP 등이 있다. (ko) Code Excited Linear Prediction（CELP、セルプ）は線形予測符号・ベクトル量子化・合成による分析を組み合わせた音声符号化アルゴリズムである。直訳すると「符号励振線形予測」。 CELPは当時の既存の低ビットレートのアルゴリズム（RELP、LPC、ヴォコーダーのFS-1015など）に比べて格段に優れた音質を示した。様々な派生が生まれ（ACELP、RCELP、LD-CELP、VSELPなど）、現在最も広く使われている音声符号化アルゴリズムである。CELPはこのアルゴリズムのクラスを指す用語であり、特定のコーデックを指す用語ではない。 (ja) Codebook Excited Linear Prediction (CELP) è un algoritmo di codifica vocale proposto in origine nel 1985 da M.R. Schroeder e B.S. Atal.Alla sua introduzione, migliorò notevolmente la qualità dei vocoder a basso bitrate presenti, tra i quali ricordiamo l'LPC.È presente in parecchie varianti: le più importanti sono ACELP, RCELP, LD-CELP e VSELP.Gli algoritmi di codifica di tipo CELP sono i più diffusi oggigiorno per la voce.Attualmente viene utilizzata per la codifica audio dello standard MPEG-4. (it) A Predição linear com excitação por código é um algoritmo que foi inicialmente proposto por M.R. Schroeder e B.S. Atal em 1985. Está entre os três decodificadores que utilizam procedimento de análise-por-síntese (cadeia fechada) com base em predição linear (LPAS). Junto de suas variações (ACELP, RCELP, LD-CELP e VSELP), é o algoritmo de codificação de fala mais utilizado atualmente. (pt) Кодирование на основе линейного предсказания и кодового возбуждения (англ. Code Excited Linear Prediction, CELP) представляет собой алгоритм кодирования речи, первоначально предложенный Манфредом Шрёдером и Б. С. Аталом в 1985 году. В то время алгоритм обеспечивал значительно лучшее качество, чем существовавшие тогда алгоритмы с низким битрейтом, такие, как аудиокодеки и (например, ). Наряду с вариантами, как, например, , , и , на сегодня это наиболее широко используемый алгоритм кодирования речи. CELP в настоящее время используется как общий термин для класса алгоритмов, а не для определенного кодека. (ru) 码激励线性预测（英語：Code-excited linear prediction，简称CELP）是一种語音編碼算法，最早由和在1985年提出。在当时，它能提供比其他低比特率算法更好的质量，包括如和线性预测编码聲碼器（例如）。它存在不少变种，例如、、和（VSELP）编码。它是目前使用最广泛的语音编码算法。它也被用于语音编码器。CELP通常是一个通用术语，指一类算法而非特定编解码器。 (zh) Code(-book) Excited Linear Prediction (CELP) ist ein hybrides Verfahren zur Audiodatenkompression, das die Vorteile der Signalformkodierung mittels Vektorquantisierung und der parametrischen Verfahren vereint. Das Ergebnis ist eine gute Sprachqualität, die auch bei niedrigen Datenübertragungsraten von 4 bis 16 kbit/s in etwa der von Puls-Code-Modulation entspricht. Das Verfahren ist im Teil 3 des MPEG-4-Standards (ISO/IEC 14496-3) beschrieben. (de)
rdfs:label Code-Excited Linear Prediction (de) Code-excited linear prediction (en) Code Excited Linear Prediction (it) CELP (ko) Code Excited Linear Prediction (ja) Predição linear com excitação por código (pt) CELP (ru) 码激励线性预测 (zh)
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