Defensive War (original) (raw)
The Defensive War (Spanish: Guerra defensiva) was a strategy and phase in the Arauco War between Spain and independent Mapuches. The idea of the Defensive War was conceived by Jesuit father Luis de Valdivia who sought to diminish hostilities, establish a clear frontier and increase missionary work among the Mapuches. Luis de Valdivia believed the Mapuches could be voluntarily converted to Christianity only if there was peace.
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| dbo:abstract | The Defensive War (Spanish: Guerra defensiva) was a strategy and phase in the Arauco War between Spain and independent Mapuches. The idea of the Defensive War was conceived by Jesuit father Luis de Valdivia who sought to diminish hostilities, establish a clear frontier and increase missionary work among the Mapuches. Luis de Valdivia believed the Mapuches could be voluntarily converted to Christianity only if there was peace. The Defensive War became Spain’s official policy in 1612 when King Philip III decreed it after reading a letter from Valdivia. By the time the Defensive War was established, war between Spain and the Mapuches had been going on for 70 years. Philip III obtained indulgences from Pope Paul V for those who helped pacify Araucanía by non-violent means. To carry out his missionary work Luis de Valdivia recruited eight Jesuits and two coadjutors in Spain to travel to Chile. The Mapuche toqui Anganamón killed three Jesuit missionaries on December 14, 1612 after he learned the Spanish were protecting his two fugitive wives and two of his daughters. The Spanish did so due to the opposition of the Catholic Church to polygamy. The Defensive War remained Spain’s official policy until 1626. In the book , published in 1647, the Defensive War was heavily criticized by maestre de campo and corregidor of Concepción . De Tesillo claim the Defensive War gave the Mapuche a much needed respite to replenish their forces that should have been denied. (en) La guerra defensiva fue una estrategia española que intentó ganar la guerra de Arauco, en el Chile del principio del siglo XVll, tras los fracasos militares que alargaban dicha contienda. Fue solicitada por el Padre Luis de Valdivia quien estaba convencido de que el medio más eficaz para concluir con la Guerra de Arauco era la supresión del servicio personal de los indígenas y el término de la guerra ofensiva, lo que debía ir acompañado por un esfuerzo evangelizador de los religiosos. De esta forma, lo que los soldados no podrían se lograría a través de la conversión religiosa voluntaria de los mapuches en cristianos y súbditos del rey de España. Si bien se habían logrado algunas victorias se comienza a sentir un cansancio de la guerra y peor aún, un recrudecimiento de la resistencia mapuche. En 1598 los mapuches logran una importante victoria en Curalaba y tras una insurrección logran reconquistar todo su territorio al sur del río Biobío. El nuevo gobernador Alonso de Ribera crea una nueva estrategia consistente en fortificar el río Biobío y mantener guarniciones de soldados profesionales pagados con un impuesto llamado Real Situado. Estos fuertes debían ir lentamente avanzando sobre el territorio mapuche consolidando la conquista. (es) |
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| rdfs:comment | The Defensive War (Spanish: Guerra defensiva) was a strategy and phase in the Arauco War between Spain and independent Mapuches. The idea of the Defensive War was conceived by Jesuit father Luis de Valdivia who sought to diminish hostilities, establish a clear frontier and increase missionary work among the Mapuches. Luis de Valdivia believed the Mapuches could be voluntarily converted to Christianity only if there was peace. (en) La guerra defensiva fue una estrategia española que intentó ganar la guerra de Arauco, en el Chile del principio del siglo XVll, tras los fracasos militares que alargaban dicha contienda. Fue solicitada por el Padre Luis de Valdivia quien estaba convencido de que el medio más eficaz para concluir con la Guerra de Arauco era la supresión del servicio personal de los indígenas y el término de la guerra ofensiva, lo que debía ir acompañado por un esfuerzo evangelizador de los religiosos. De esta forma, lo que los soldados no podrían se lograría a través de la conversión religiosa voluntaria de los mapuches en cristianos y súbditos del rey de España. (es) |
| rdfs:label | Guerra defensiva (es) Defensive War (en) |
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| is rdfs:seeAlso of | dbr:Catalina_de_Erauso |
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