Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife (original) (raw)
Duncan, 9. Earl of Fife (auch Duncan IV Macduff; nach anderer Zählung auch 8. Earl of Fife; schottisch-gälisch Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife) (* 1289 oder 1290; † 1353) war ein schottischer Magnat.
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| dbo:abstract | Duncan, 9. Earl of Fife (auch Duncan IV Macduff; nach anderer Zählung auch 8. Earl of Fife; schottisch-gälisch Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife) (* 1289 oder 1290; † 1353) war ein schottischer Magnat. (de) Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife [Duncan IV] (1289–1353) was sometime Guardian of Scotland, and ruled Fife until his death. He was the last of the native Scottish rulers of that province. He was born in late 1289, the same year as his father Donnchadh III's murder. He therefore came into the Mormaerdom as a baby. He was so young that the honour of crowning John Balliol – normally the hereditary right of the Mormaer of Fife – was delegated to a knight, namely . He also missed the crowning of Robert the Bruce, owing to his captivity in England. Robert was forced to call upon Donnchadh's sister, Isabella, to officiate in his absence. His initial support for Robert has been doubted, but in 1315, a year after the Battle of Bannockburn, he resigned his Mormaerdom to King Robert for a regrant. The agreement with Robert ensured that the Mormaerdom would not be held by the king, and that the arms of Fife should always be unique from the similar royal arms. If Donnchadh were to die childless, King Robert would grant it to someone, by default Alan of Menteith. This was because Donnchadh's wife was in the custody of the English, and there was obviously some pressure from the men of Fife to retain their own regional ruler. He was present at the negotiations which led to the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton, and a signatory to the Declaration of Arbroath. The Earl of Fife fought with the Bruce loyalists at the Battle of Dupplin Moor where, he being made prisoner, changed sides and, with William Sinclair, Bishop of Dunkeld, a great adherent of Robert the Bruce, crowned Edward Balliol King of Scots at Scone on 24 September 1332. The following year, on 19 July 1333, he fought with the Scottish army at the Battle of Halidon Hill, when he was again captured. In 1306, Donnchadh married Mary de Monthermer, a granddaughter of Edward I of England. He died with no male heirs. He is important because he was the last male Gaelic ruler of Fife. When he died in 1353, he was succeeded in his mormaerdom by his daughter Isabella, who married four times: * . He succeeded as Earl of Fife, de iure uxoris. William and Isabella had a daughter named Elizabeth Ramsey. Alternatively she may have been married to William Felton. * Walter Stewart, son Robert II of Scotland and Euphemia de Ross. He succeeded as Earl of Fife, de iure uxoris. * Thomas Biset of Upsetlington, who succeeded as Earl of Fife, de iure uxoris. * John Dunbar, possibly a son of Patrick V, Earl of March and his first wife Ermengarde. John Dunbar succeeded as Earl of Fife, de iure uxoris. Isabella signed the Earldom of Fife over to Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany in 1371. (en) Donnchadh IV, comte de Fife [Duncan IV] (né peu avant le 25 septembre 1289 – mort en 1353) il a été comte de Fife titulaire de 1289 jusqu'à sa mort. Il est le dernier représentant de la lignée d'origine gaélique du clan MacDuff à régner sur cette province. (fr) Donnchadh IV, Earl Fife [Duncan IV] (1289-1353) merupakan kadang-kadang seorang , dan memerintah Fife sampai kematiannya. Dia adalah penguasa pribumi Skotlandia terakhir di provinsi itu. Ia lahir pada akhir tahun 1289, tahun yang sama dengan pembunuhan ayahandanya, . Karena itu dia datang ke Mormaerdom sebagai seorang bayi. Dia begitu muda sehingga kehormatan memahkotai John Balliol – biasanya hak turun-temurun dari Mormaer Fife – didelegasikan kepada seorang ksatria, yaitu Sir John de St. John. Dia juga merindukan penobatan Robert I, karena penahanannya di Inggris. Robert terpaksa memanggil saudari Donnchadh, Isabella, untuk memimpin dalam ketidakhadirannya. Dukungan awalnya untuk Robert telah diragukan, tetapi pada tahun 1315, setahun setelah Pertempuran Bannockburn, ia mengundurkan diri dari Mormaerdom ke Raja Robert untuk dipimpin. Kesepakatan dengan Robert memastikan bahwa Mormaerdom tidak akan dipegang oleh raja, dan bahwa lengan Fife harus selalu unik dari lengan kerajaan yang sama. Jika Donnchadh meninggal tanpa keturunan, Raja Robert akan memberikannya kepada seseorang, secara default Alan Menteith. Ini karena istri Donnchadh berada di tahanan Inggris, dan jelas ada beberapa tekanan dari orang-orang Fife untuk mempertahankan penguasa daerah mereka sendiri. Dia hadir di perundingan yang mengarah pada Perjanjian Edinburgh, dan penandatangan Deklarasi Arbroath. Earl Fife bertarung dengan para loyalis Bruce di Pertempuran Dupplin Moor di mana, dia menjadi tahanan, berganti sisi dan, dengan William Sinclair, Uskup Dunkeld, seorang penganut Robert the Bruce, memahkotai Edward Balliol Raja Skotlandia di Scone pada tanggal 24 September 1332. Tahun berikutnya, pada 19 Juli 1333, dia bertempur dengan tentara Skotlandia di Pertempuran Halidon Hill, ketika dia kembali ditangkap. Pada tahun 1306, Donnchadh menikahi Mary de Monthermer, cucu Edward I dari Inggris. Dia meninggal tanpa pewaris laki-laki. Dia penting karena dia adalah penguasa laki-laki terakhir Gaelik Fife. Ketika ia meninggal pada tahun 1353, ia digantikan di mormaerdom oleh putrinya Isabella, yang menikah empat kali: * William Ramsay dari Colluthie. Ia menjabat sebagai Earl Fife, de jure uxoris. William dan Isabella memiliki seorang putri bernama Elizabeth Ramsey. Atau dia mungkin telah menikah dengan William Felton. * Walter Stewart, putra Robert II, Raja Skotlandia dan . Dia menjabat sebagai Earl Fife, de jure uxoris. * Thomas Biset dari Upsetlington, yang menjabat sebagai Earl Fife, de jure uxoris. * John Dunbar, mungkin putra dan istri pertamanya Ermengarde. John Dunbar menjabat sebagai Earl Fife, de jure uxoris. Isabella menandatangani Earldom Fife ke Robert Stewart, Adipati pertama Albany pada tahun 1371. (in) Duncan, IV conte di Fife (1289 – 1353), a periodi alterni fu Guardiano di Scozia e governò il Fife per praticamente tutta la vita, ultimo dei conti di Fife di ascendenza gaelica. (it) Доннхад (Дукан) IV (англ. Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife; до 1289—1353) — последний кельтский мормэр (граф) Файфа (1289—1353). Единственный сын Доннхада III (ок. 1262—1289), и Джоанны де Клер. (ru) |
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| dbp:office | Earl of Fife (en) |
| dbp:termEnd | 1353 (xsd:integer) |
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| rdfs:comment | Duncan, 9. Earl of Fife (auch Duncan IV Macduff; nach anderer Zählung auch 8. Earl of Fife; schottisch-gälisch Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife) (* 1289 oder 1290; † 1353) war ein schottischer Magnat. (de) Donnchadh IV, comte de Fife [Duncan IV] (né peu avant le 25 septembre 1289 – mort en 1353) il a été comte de Fife titulaire de 1289 jusqu'à sa mort. Il est le dernier représentant de la lignée d'origine gaélique du clan MacDuff à régner sur cette province. (fr) Duncan, IV conte di Fife (1289 – 1353), a periodi alterni fu Guardiano di Scozia e governò il Fife per praticamente tutta la vita, ultimo dei conti di Fife di ascendenza gaelica. (it) Доннхад (Дукан) IV (англ. Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife; до 1289—1353) — последний кельтский мормэр (граф) Файфа (1289—1353). Единственный сын Доннхада III (ок. 1262—1289), и Джоанны де Клер. (ru) Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife [Duncan IV] (1289–1353) was sometime Guardian of Scotland, and ruled Fife until his death. He was the last of the native Scottish rulers of that province. He was born in late 1289, the same year as his father Donnchadh III's murder. He therefore came into the Mormaerdom as a baby. He was so young that the honour of crowning John Balliol – normally the hereditary right of the Mormaer of Fife – was delegated to a knight, namely . He also missed the crowning of Robert the Bruce, owing to his captivity in England. Robert was forced to call upon Donnchadh's sister, Isabella, to officiate in his absence. (en) Donnchadh IV, Earl Fife [Duncan IV] (1289-1353) merupakan kadang-kadang seorang , dan memerintah Fife sampai kematiannya. Dia adalah penguasa pribumi Skotlandia terakhir di provinsi itu. Ia lahir pada akhir tahun 1289, tahun yang sama dengan pembunuhan ayahandanya, . Karena itu dia datang ke Mormaerdom sebagai seorang bayi. Dia begitu muda sehingga kehormatan memahkotai John Balliol – biasanya hak turun-temurun dari Mormaer Fife – didelegasikan kepada seorang ksatria, yaitu Sir John de St. John. Dia juga merindukan penobatan Robert I, karena penahanannya di Inggris. Robert terpaksa memanggil saudari Donnchadh, Isabella, untuk memimpin dalam ketidakhadirannya. (in) |
| rdfs:label | Duncan, 9. Earl of Fife (de) Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife (en) Duncan IV (Mormaer de Fife) (fr) Donnchadh IV (in) Duncan IV conte di Fife (it) Доннхад IV, граф Файф (ru) |
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