Dovey Johnson Roundtree (original) (raw)
Dovey Mae Johnson Roundtree (April 17, 1914 – May 21, 2018) was an African-American civil rights activist, ordained minister, and attorney. Her 1955 victory before the Interstate Commerce Commission in the first bus desegregation case to be brought before the ICC resulted in the only explicit repudiation of the "separate but equal" doctrine in the field of interstate bus transportation by a court or federal administrative body. That case, Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company (64 MCC 769 (1955)), which Dovey Roundtree brought before the ICC with her law partner and mentor Julius Winfield Robertson, was invoked by Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy during the 1961 Freedom Riders' campaign in his successful battle to compel the Interstate Commerce Commission to enforce its rulings and end Jim
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| dbo:abstract | Dovey Mae Johnson Roundtree (April 17, 1914 – May 21, 2018) was an African-American civil rights activist, ordained minister, and attorney. Her 1955 victory before the Interstate Commerce Commission in the first bus desegregation case to be brought before the ICC resulted in the only explicit repudiation of the "separate but equal" doctrine in the field of interstate bus transportation by a court or federal administrative body. That case, Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company (64 MCC 769 (1955)), which Dovey Roundtree brought before the ICC with her law partner and mentor Julius Winfield Robertson, was invoked by Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy during the 1961 Freedom Riders' campaign in his successful battle to compel the Interstate Commerce Commission to enforce its rulings and end Jim Crow laws in public transportation. A protégé of black activist and educator Mary McLeod Bethune, Roundtree was selected by Bethune for the first class of African-American women to be trained as officers in the newly created Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (later the Women's Army Corps) during World War II. In 1961 she became one of the first women to receive full ministerial status in the African Methodist Episcopal Church, which had just begun ordaining women at a level beyond mere preachers in 1960. With her controversial admission to the all-white Women's Bar of the District of Columbia in 1962, she broke the color bar for minority women in the Washington legal community. In one of Washington's most sensational and widely covered murder cases, United States v. Ray Crump, tried in the summer of 1965 on the eve of the Watts riots, Roundtree won acquittal for the black laborer accused of the murder of Georgetown socialite (and former wife of a CIA officer) Mary Pinchot Meyer, a woman with romantic ties to President John F. Kennedy. The founding partner of the Washington, D.C. law firm of Roundtree, Knox, Hunter and Parker in 1970 following the death of her first law partner Julius Robertson in 1961, Roundtree was special consultant for legal affairs to the AME Church, and General Counsel to the National Council of Negro Women. She was the inspiration for actress Cicely Tyson's depiction of a maverick civil rights lawyer in the television series "Sweet Justice", and the recipient, along with retired Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, of the American Bar Association's 2000 Margaret Brent Women Lawyers of Achievement Award. (en) Dovey Mae Johnson Roundtree, née le 1er avril 1914 et morte le 21 mai 2018, est une militante afro-américaine des droits civiques, ordonnée ministre et avocate. Sa victoire en 1955 devant l'Interstate Commerce Commission pendant la première affaire de déségrégation des autobus fut portée devant la ICC et aboutit à la seule répudiation explicite de la doctrine séparés mais égalux dans le domaine du transport par autobus interétatique par un tribunal ou un organe administratif fédéral. L'affaire Sarah Keys c. Carolina Coach Company (64 MCC 769 (1955)), que Dovey Roundtree a portée devant la ICC avec son partenaire juridique et mentor Julius Winfield Robertson, fut invoquée par le procureur général Robert F. Kennedy lors de la campagne des Freedom Riders de 1961 dans son combat réussi pour obliger l'Interstate Commerce Commission à appliquer ses décisions et mettre fin aux lois Jim Crow dans les transports publics. Étant une protégée de l'activiste et éducatrice noire Mary McLeod Bethune, Roundtree fut sélectionnée par Bethune afin de former la première classe de femmes afro-américaines en tant qu'officiers dans le Corps auxiliaire de l'armée des femmes nouvellement créé (plus tard le Corps de l'armée des femmes) pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. En 1961, elle devient l'une des premières femmes à recevoir le statut ministériel complet dans l' Église épiscopale méthodiste africaine, qui venait de commencer à ordonner des femmes à un niveau au-delà des simples prédicateurs en 1960. Avec son admission controversée au Women's Bar, association entièrement composée de femmes blanches à l'époque[pas clair] du district de Columbia en 1962, elle cassa les discriminations raciales envers les femmes des minorités dans la communauté juridique de Washington. Dans l'une des affaires de meurtre les plus sensationnelles et largement couvertes de Washington, États-Unis c. Ray Crump, jugé à l'été 1965 à la veille des émeutes de Watts, Roundtree a obtenu l'acquittement du travailleur noir accusé du meurtre de la socialite de Georgetown (et ancienne épouse d'un officier de la CIA ) Mary Pinchot Meyer qui entretenait des relations amoureuses avec le président John F. Kennedy. Associée fondatrice du cabinet d'avocats Roundtree, Knox, Hunter and Parker à Washington, DC en 1970 après le décès de son premier associé Julius Robertson en 1961, Roundtree fut consultante spéciale pour les affaires juridiques auprès de l'Église AME et avocate générale du National Council of Negro Women. Elle inspira l'actrice Cicely Tyson dans sa représentation d'un avocat non-conformiste des droits civiques dans la série télévisée Sweet Justice et le récipiendaire, avec la juge à la retraite de la Cour suprême Sandra Day O'Connor, de l'American Bar Association's 2000 Margaret Brent Women Lawyers of Achievement Award. (fr) |
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| rdfs:comment | Dovey Mae Johnson Roundtree (April 17, 1914 – May 21, 2018) was an African-American civil rights activist, ordained minister, and attorney. Her 1955 victory before the Interstate Commerce Commission in the first bus desegregation case to be brought before the ICC resulted in the only explicit repudiation of the "separate but equal" doctrine in the field of interstate bus transportation by a court or federal administrative body. That case, Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company (64 MCC 769 (1955)), which Dovey Roundtree brought before the ICC with her law partner and mentor Julius Winfield Robertson, was invoked by Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy during the 1961 Freedom Riders' campaign in his successful battle to compel the Interstate Commerce Commission to enforce its rulings and end Jim (en) Dovey Mae Johnson Roundtree, née le 1er avril 1914 et morte le 21 mai 2018, est une militante afro-américaine des droits civiques, ordonnée ministre et avocate. Sa victoire en 1955 devant l'Interstate Commerce Commission pendant la première affaire de déségrégation des autobus fut portée devant la ICC et aboutit à la seule répudiation explicite de la doctrine séparés mais égalux dans le domaine du transport par autobus interétatique par un tribunal ou un organe administratif fédéral. L'affaire Sarah Keys c. Carolina Coach Company (64 MCC 769 (1955)), que Dovey Roundtree a portée devant la ICC avec son partenaire juridique et mentor Julius Winfield Robertson, fut invoquée par le procureur général Robert F. Kennedy lors de la campagne des Freedom Riders de 1961 dans son combat réussi pour ob (fr) |
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