Enclave economy (original) (raw)
Se denomina economía de enclave a un modelo económico donde, en un mercado globalizado, se localizan actividades productivas en países subdesarrollados destinadas a la exportación y sin integrarse en el mercado local. El término ha sido ampliamente usado para describir relaciones postcoloniales de dependencia en países en desarrollo, especialmente en América latina. Se suele mencionar como parte de modelos más amplios como la teoría de la dependencia que fueron muy populares en las décadas de 1960 y 1970. Suele ser asociado al marxismo debido a las obras de Paul A. Baran y Theotônio dos Santos, aunque los vínculos a la teoría marxista clásica son tenues.
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| dbo:abstract | Se denomina economía de enclave a un modelo económico donde, en un mercado globalizado, se localizan actividades productivas en países subdesarrollados destinadas a la exportación y sin integrarse en el mercado local. El término ha sido ampliamente usado para describir relaciones postcoloniales de dependencia en países en desarrollo, especialmente en América latina. Se suele mencionar como parte de modelos más amplios como la teoría de la dependencia que fueron muy populares en las décadas de 1960 y 1970. Suele ser asociado al marxismo debido a las obras de Paul A. Baran y Theotônio dos Santos, aunque los vínculos a la teoría marxista clásica son tenues. (es) An enclave economy is defined as an economic system in which an export based industry dominated by international or non-local capital extracts resources or products from another country. It was widely employed as a term to describe post-colonial dependency relations in the developing world, especially in Latin America. As part of the larger theoretical position usually called dependency theory. It was particularly popular in the 1960s and 1970s, and other issues took center stage in development economics at later periods. It was often associated with Marxism, thanks to writing by Paul Baran and Theotonio Dos Santos, though its tenets are only peripherally tied to classic Marxist theory. According to the model, a large, well capitalized firm, often located in North America or Western Europe invests in the production of an export product destined for markets in the investing country or region. Frequently the country in question had been a colonial master, even if the political chain was broken a considerable time before. It uses its capital and often political connections, both formal and informal, legal and illegal, to acquire land, access labor, and received incentives such as tax breaks. These incentives in turn reduce the capacity of the host country to realize any financial or developmental benefits from the exports. In some cases, the firms operating in enclave economies are able to influence governments in host countries to allow exploitative labor practices, to suppress resistance or the formation of labor unions and thus exploit workers. Its relationship with the host government is also held to promote corruption, both at the local level and in the attitudes of the host country towards the international interests of the firm. Scholars have debated the terms of the theory of enclave economies, some arguing that the effect of tax breaks is temporary, others pointing out that workers are sometimes better paid than their fellow workers. Others point to potential linkages between the workers, host country and the projects of the investing firm (for example in constructing infrastructure) have a more beneficial effect that the original theorists suppose. (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Se denomina economía de enclave a un modelo económico donde, en un mercado globalizado, se localizan actividades productivas en países subdesarrollados destinadas a la exportación y sin integrarse en el mercado local. El término ha sido ampliamente usado para describir relaciones postcoloniales de dependencia en países en desarrollo, especialmente en América latina. Se suele mencionar como parte de modelos más amplios como la teoría de la dependencia que fueron muy populares en las décadas de 1960 y 1970. Suele ser asociado al marxismo debido a las obras de Paul A. Baran y Theotônio dos Santos, aunque los vínculos a la teoría marxista clásica son tenues. (es) An enclave economy is defined as an economic system in which an export based industry dominated by international or non-local capital extracts resources or products from another country. It was widely employed as a term to describe post-colonial dependency relations in the developing world, especially in Latin America. As part of the larger theoretical position usually called dependency theory. It was particularly popular in the 1960s and 1970s, and other issues took center stage in development economics at later periods. It was often associated with Marxism, thanks to writing by Paul Baran and Theotonio Dos Santos, though its tenets are only peripherally tied to classic Marxist theory. (en) |
| rdfs:label | Economía de enclave (es) Enclave economy (en) |
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