La Cláusula de Establecimiento es el primero de varios pronunciamentos en la Primera Enmienda a la Constitución de los Estados Unidos, declarando, Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion. . . . El Congreso no podrá hacer ninguna ley con respecto al establecimiento de la religión. . . . La Cláusula de Establecimiento es inmediatamente seguida por la Cláusula de la Práctica Libre, que dice «o que prohíba la práctica libre de la misma». Estas dos cláusulas crean lo que se conoce como las «Cláusulas de Religión» de la Primera Enmienda. La Cláusula de Establecimiento prohíbe 1) el establecimiento de una religión oficial por el Congreso, o 2) la preferencia del gobierno estadounidense de una religión sobre otra. El primer enfoque se llama la «separación» o la interpretación de la «no ayuda», mientras que la segunda interpretación se llama la interpretación «no preferencial» o «acomodación». La interpretación no preferencial prohíbe al Congreso preferir una religión sobre otra, pero no prohíbe la entrada del gobierno en dominios religiosos para acomodar aspectos que sirvan para alcanzar los propósitos de la Cláusula de la Práctica Libre. (es)
In United States law, the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, together with that Amendment's Free Exercise Clause, form the constitutional right of freedom of religion. The relevant constitutional text is: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof... The Establishment Clause acts as a double security, prohibiting both religious abuse of government and political control of religion. Under it the federal government of the United States as well as the governments of all U.S. states and U.S. territories are prohibited from establishing or sponsoring religion. The clause was based on a number of precedents, including the Constitutions of Clarendon, the Bill of Rights 1689, and the Pennsylvania and New Jersey colonial constitutions. An initial draft by John Dickinson was prepared in conjunction with his drafting the Articles of Confederation. In 1789, then-congressman James Madison prepared another draft which, following discussion and debate in the First Congress, would become part of the text of the First Amendment of the Bill of Rights. The Establishment Clause is complemented by the Free Exercise Clause, which allows individual citizens freedom from governmental interference in both private and public religious affairs. The Establishment Clause is a limitation placed upon the United States Congress preventing it from passing legislation forcing an establishment of religion, broadly making it illegal for the government to promote theocracy or promote a specific religion with taxes. The Free Exercise Clause prohibits the government from preventing the free exercise of religion. While the Establishment Clause does prohibit Congress from preferring or elevating one religion over another, it does not prohibit the government's entry into the religious domain to make accommodations for religious observances and practices in order to achieve the purposes of the Free Exercise Clause. The Clause prohibits public or private enforcement of religious laws/legal fictions. (en)
국교금지조항(Establishment Clause of the First Amendment)는 미국 연방 헌법 수정헌법 1조에 명시된, 국가가 국교를 정하는 것을 금지하는 내용을 일컫는다. 영국의 국교인 성공회에 대한 반발로 만든 조항으로, 정부가 국교를 정하거나 특정종교를 차별하거나 우대하는 것을 방지한다. 특정 종교단체를 후원하거나 종교행사를 공공기관에서 행하는 것도 이 조항에 따라 불법이다. 단 오랜 전통의 경우 예외를 두고 있다. (ko)
국교금지조항(Establishment Clause of the First Amendment)는 미국 연방 헌법 수정헌법 1조에 명시된, 국가가 국교를 정하는 것을 금지하는 내용을 일컫는다. 영국의 국교인 성공회에 대한 반발로 만든 조항으로, 정부가 국교를 정하거나 특정종교를 차별하거나 우대하는 것을 방지한다. 특정 종교단체를 후원하거나 종교행사를 공공기관에서 행하는 것도 이 조항에 따라 불법이다. 단 오랜 전통의 경우 예외를 두고 있다. (ko)
In United States law, the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, together with that Amendment's Free Exercise Clause, form the constitutional right of freedom of religion. The relevant constitutional text is: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof... The Clause prohibits public or private enforcement of religious laws/legal fictions. (en)
La Cláusula de Establecimiento es el primero de varios pronunciamentos en la Primera Enmienda a la Constitución de los Estados Unidos, declarando, Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion. . . . El Congreso no podrá hacer ninguna ley con respecto al establecimiento de la religión. . . . La Cláusula de Establecimiento es inmediatamente seguida por la Cláusula de la Práctica Libre, que dice «o que prohíba la práctica libre de la misma». Estas dos cláusulas crean lo que se conoce como las «Cláusulas de Religión» de la Primera Enmienda. (es)