Euthenics (original) (raw)
علم الرفاهية أو اليوثينيا (بالإنجليزية: Euthenics) هو «علمٌ يُعنى بتعزيز الرفاهية البشرية من طريق تحسين الأحوال المعيشية وبخاصة ما اتّصَلَ منها بالبيئة».
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| dbo:abstract | علم الرفاهية أو اليوثينيا (بالإنجليزية: Euthenics) هو «علمٌ يُعنى بتعزيز الرفاهية البشرية من طريق تحسين الأحوال المعيشية وبخاصة ما اتّصَلَ منها بالبيئة». (ar) Euthenics (im Deutschen auch selten Euthenik genannt) bezeichnet die Lehre von der Weiterentwicklung der Menschheit durch Verbesserungen der Umwelt. Im Rahmen der Euthenics-Forschung beachtete Umweltbedingungen sind vor allem Bildung, Ernährung, Wohnbedingungen und Seuchenprävention. Das Wort kam im 19. Jahrhundert auf und leitet sich ab vom altgriechischen euthenein „florieren“. Eine der ersten Wissenschaftlerinnen, die das Wort benutzten, war 1905 die amerikanische Ökologin Ellen Richards in ihrem Werk Cost of Shelter. (de) Euthenics (/juːˈθɛnɪks/) is the study of improvement of human functioning and well-being by improvement of living conditions. "Improvement" is conducted by altering external factors such as education and the controllable environments, including environmentalism, education regarding employment, home economics, sanitation, and housing, as well as the prevention and removal of contagious disease and parasites. In a New York Times article of May 23, 1926, Rose Field notes of the description, "the simplest [is] efficient living". It is also described as a right to environment. The Flynn effect has been often cited as an example of euthenics. Another example is the steady increase in body size in industrialized countries since the beginning of the 20th century. Euthenics is not normally interpreted to have anything to do with changing the composition of the human gene pool by definition, although everything that affects society has some effect on who reproduces and who does not. (en) Il termine eutenica corrisponde all'uso impropriamente fatto del termine eugenetica nella cultura popolare. In Italia, cioè, è la scienza che studia quelle misure di carattere medico e ambientale per migliorare le generazioni future, come: la profilassi, la cura di malattie endemiche, la vaccinazione, la prevenzione, l'igiene, la bonifica, la corretta alimentazione, la cura dell'infanzia e della maternità, insomma, tutto quello che serve a migliorare le condizione di salute della popolazione presente, condizione fondamentale per influenzare positivamente le generazioni future. Le scienze in relazione cui viene riferito il concetto sono: * la profilassi * la cura di malattie endemiche * la vaccinazione * la prevenzione * l'igiene * la bonifica * la corretta alimentazione * la cura dell'infanzia e della maternità (it) Eutenia é o estudo da melhoria do funcionamento humano e do bem-estar por meio da melhoria das condições de vida. Promove-se tal "melhoramento" através da alteração de fatores externos, como educação e ambiente controlável, incluindo a prevenção e remoção de doenças contagiosas e parasitas, ambientalismo, educação em relação ao emprego, economia doméstica, saneamento e habitação. Rose Field expõe a definição em um artigo do New York Times de 23 de maio de 1926, "a simplicidade sendo uma vida eficiente". Um direito ao meio ambiente. O efeito Flynn tem sido frequentemente citado como um exemplo de eutênico. Outro exemplo é o aumento constante do tamanho do corpo nos países industrializados desde o início do século XX. A Eutenia normalmente não é interpretada como tendo alguma coisa a ver com a mudança da composição do pool genético humano por definição, embora tudo o que afeta a sociedade tenha algum efeito sobre quem reproduz e quem não o faz. (pt) 優境學是項通過改善生活條件來改善人類行使職責和福利的研究。 優境學的“改善”是通過改變教育和可控制的自然環境等外部因素來進行的，包括傳染病和寄生蟲的預防和去除， 並促進環境保護、就業、家庭經濟、衛生和住家環境改善等科目的教育。 羅斯菲爾德（Rose Field）在1926年5月23日的“ 紐約時報”文章定義紀錄，“最簡單的改善生活的方式就是高效生活”。 人人都有生活在健康環境的權利。 弗林效應經常被引用為優境學的例子。另一個例子是自20世紀初以來，工業化國家的主體規模正在穩定增長。然而到了20世紀末時，大部分當時工業化的國家現已成已開發國家，經濟、環境、教育人口生活品質現已都大幅改善，優境學方面造就的生活條件改善、主要國家的機能進步貢獻功不可沒。現在多數亞太地區、南美、中國等開發中國家將為21世紀經濟成長的主力，推動各國優生學對開發中國家研究與適性或許能改變開發中國家的主體和生活品質。 儘管從本質上講影響人類社會的一切都會對誰繁殖和誰不繁殖產生影響，但從定義上說，優生主義者通常與改變人類基因庫的組成沒有任何關係（英文Euthenics詞的結構與Eugenics相似）。 (zh) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Ellen_Swallow_Richards.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://archive.org/details/jstor-2763324 http://admin.collegepublisher.com/preview/mobile/2.1575/2.1578/1.2668148 https://archive.org/details/jstor-2763324/page/n1 https://web.archive.org/web/20140127020842/http:/vcencyclopedia.vassar.edu/three-chapters/the-disappointing-first-thrust-of-euthenics.html http://vcencyclopedia.vassar.edu/three-chapters/the-disappointing-first-thrust-of-euthenics.html http://www.worldcat.org/search%3Fq=euthenics&qt=owc_search%7C%22Euthenics%22 https://archive.today/20130906231055/http:/admin.collegepublisher.com/preview/mobile/2.1575/2.1578/1.2668148 http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/12366 |
| dbo:wikiPageID | 2370329 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageLength | 30727 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:wikiPageRevisionID | 1122339311 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageWikiLink | dbr:American_Journal_of_Sociology dbr:American_Quarterly dbc:Well-being dbr:Poverty dbr:Sanitation dbr:Environment_and_intelligence dbr:Environmentalism dbr:Antifeminism dbr:Home_economics dbr:John_W._Blodgett dbr:Jonathan_Edwards_(theologian) dbr:Julia_Lathrop dbr:Vassar_College dbr:Dysgenics dbr:Interdisciplinarity dbr:John_Wiley_&_Sons dbr:Penia dbr:Protoplasm dbr:Timeline_of_women's_colleges_in_the_United_States dbr:Ellen_Swallow_Richards dbr:Elmira_College dbr:Greek_language dbr:Minnie_Cumnock_Blodgett dbr:Contagious_disease dbr:Critical_thinking dbr:Physical_law dbr:Lester_Frank_Ward dbr:Louis_Pasteur dbr:Demosthenes dbr:Employment dbr:House dbr:Brown_University dbc:Public_health dbr:Jukes_family dbr:Abraham_Flexner dbr:Ecology dbr:Education dbr:Educational_attainment_in_the_United_States dbr:Flynn_effect dbr:File:MargaretSanger-Underwood.LOC.jpg dbr:Living_condition dbr:Henry_Noble_MacCracken dbr:Herodotus dbc:Quality_of_life dbr:Hygiene dbr:Mary_Sharp_College dbr:Aristotle dbr:Accountability dbc:Euthenics dbc:Hygiene dbc:Sanitation dbr:Charles_Darwin dbr:Kallikaks dbr:Laissez_faire dbr:Heredity dbr:Well-being dbr:Margaret_Sanger dbr:Fertility_and_intelligence dbr:Great_Depression dbr:Natural_environment dbr:New_York_Times dbr:OCLC dbr:WorldCat dbr:Rubicon_Foundation dbr:Eudaimonia dbr:Eugenics dbr:Euphenics dbr:Impact_of_health_on_intelligence dbr:The_Jukes_family dbc:Standard_of_living dbr:Euthenia dbr:Nature_versus_nurture dbr:Social_design dbr:Population_health dbr:Parasitism dbr:Women's_rights dbr:York_&_Sawyer dbr:Charles_Benedict_Davenport dbr:File:Ellen_Swallow_Richards.jpg dbr:File:Aflexner21.jpg dbr:College_Avenue_Press dbr:File:Charles_Benedict_Davenport.jpg dbr:File:Julia_Clifford_Lathrop_first_chief_US_Childrens_Bureau.jpg dbr:George_E._Dawson dbr:Mary_Shattuck_Fisher_Langmuir dbr:Summer_Institute_of_Euthenics dbr:File:ЛестерФВорд.jpeg |
| dbp:b | no (en) |
| dbp:commons | Category:Euthenics (en) |
| dbp:d | Q1378891 (en) |
| dbp:m | no (en) |
| dbp:mw | no (en) |
| dbp:n | no (en) |
| dbp:q | no (en) |
| dbp:s | no (en) |
| dbp:v | no (en) |
| dbp:voy | no (en) |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | dbt:Circa dbt:Citation_needed dbt:Cite_book dbt:Cite_journal dbt:Cite_web dbt:Columns-list dbt:Cquote dbt:Distinguish dbt:Div_col dbt:Div_col_end dbt:IPAc-en dbt:Quote dbt:Reflist dbt:Short_description dbt:Sisterlinks dbt:Public_health dbt:Euthenics dbt:Social_accountability dbt:Social_class dbt:Consumerism dbt:Education dbt:Move_to_Wikiquote |
| dbp:wikt | euthenics (en) |
| dcterms:subject | dbc:Well-being dbc:Public_health dbc:Quality_of_life dbc:Euthenics dbc:Hygiene dbc:Sanitation dbc:Standard_of_living |
| gold:hypernym | dbr:Study |
| rdf:type | owl:Thing dbo:Book |
| rdfs:comment | علم الرفاهية أو اليوثينيا (بالإنجليزية: Euthenics) هو «علمٌ يُعنى بتعزيز الرفاهية البشرية من طريق تحسين الأحوال المعيشية وبخاصة ما اتّصَلَ منها بالبيئة». (ar) Euthenics (im Deutschen auch selten Euthenik genannt) bezeichnet die Lehre von der Weiterentwicklung der Menschheit durch Verbesserungen der Umwelt. Im Rahmen der Euthenics-Forschung beachtete Umweltbedingungen sind vor allem Bildung, Ernährung, Wohnbedingungen und Seuchenprävention. Das Wort kam im 19. Jahrhundert auf und leitet sich ab vom altgriechischen euthenein „florieren“. Eine der ersten Wissenschaftlerinnen, die das Wort benutzten, war 1905 die amerikanische Ökologin Ellen Richards in ihrem Werk Cost of Shelter. (de) 優境學是項通過改善生活條件來改善人類行使職責和福利的研究。 優境學的“改善”是通過改變教育和可控制的自然環境等外部因素來進行的，包括傳染病和寄生蟲的預防和去除， 並促進環境保護、就業、家庭經濟、衛生和住家環境改善等科目的教育。 羅斯菲爾德（Rose Field）在1926年5月23日的“ 紐約時報”文章定義紀錄，“最簡單的改善生活的方式就是高效生活”。 人人都有生活在健康環境的權利。 弗林效應經常被引用為優境學的例子。另一個例子是自20世紀初以來，工業化國家的主體規模正在穩定增長。然而到了20世紀末時，大部分當時工業化的國家現已成已開發國家，經濟、環境、教育人口生活品質現已都大幅改善，優境學方面造就的生活條件改善、主要國家的機能進步貢獻功不可沒。現在多數亞太地區、南美、中國等開發中國家將為21世紀經濟成長的主力，推動各國優生學對開發中國家研究與適性或許能改變開發中國家的主體和生活品質。 儘管從本質上講影響人類社會的一切都會對誰繁殖和誰不繁殖產生影響，但從定義上說，優生主義者通常與改變人類基因庫的組成沒有任何關係（英文Euthenics詞的結構與Eugenics相似）。 (zh) Euthenics (/juːˈθɛnɪks/) is the study of improvement of human functioning and well-being by improvement of living conditions. "Improvement" is conducted by altering external factors such as education and the controllable environments, including environmentalism, education regarding employment, home economics, sanitation, and housing, as well as the prevention and removal of contagious disease and parasites. In a New York Times article of May 23, 1926, Rose Field notes of the description, "the simplest [is] efficient living". It is also described as a right to environment. (en) Il termine eutenica corrisponde all'uso impropriamente fatto del termine eugenetica nella cultura popolare. In Italia, cioè, è la scienza che studia quelle misure di carattere medico e ambientale per migliorare le generazioni future, come: la profilassi, la cura di malattie endemiche, la vaccinazione, la prevenzione, l'igiene, la bonifica, la corretta alimentazione, la cura dell'infanzia e della maternità, insomma, tutto quello che serve a migliorare le condizione di salute della popolazione presente, condizione fondamentale per influenzare positivamente le generazioni future. (it) Eutenia é o estudo da melhoria do funcionamento humano e do bem-estar por meio da melhoria das condições de vida. Promove-se tal "melhoramento" através da alteração de fatores externos, como educação e ambiente controlável, incluindo a prevenção e remoção de doenças contagiosas e parasitas, ambientalismo, educação em relação ao emprego, economia doméstica, saneamento e habitação. Rose Field expõe a definição em um artigo do New York Times de 23 de maio de 1926, "a simplicidade sendo uma vida eficiente". Um direito ao meio ambiente. (pt) |
| rdfs:label | Euthenics (en) علم الرفاهية (ar) Euthenics (de) Eutenica (it) Eutenia (pt) 優境學 (zh) |
| owl:differentFrom | dbr:Eugenics |
| owl:sameAs | freebase:Euthenics wikidata:Euthenics dbpedia-ar:Euthenics dbpedia-de:Euthenics http://hi.dbpedia.org/resource/सुजीवनिकी dbpedia-it:Euthenics dbpedia-pt:Euthenics http://tl.dbpedia.org/resource/Euthenics dbpedia-zh:Euthenics https://global.dbpedia.org/id/PHQk |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Euthenics?oldid=1122339311&ns=0 |
| foaf:depiction | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Ellen_Swallow_Richards.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/ЛестерФВорд.jpeg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/MargaretSanger-Underwood.LOC.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Aflexner21.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Julia_Clifford_Lathrop_first_chief_US_Childrens_Bureau.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Charles_Benedict_Davenport.jpg |
| foaf:homepage | http://vcencyclopedia.vassar.edu |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:Euthenics |
| is dbo:knownFor of | dbr:Ellen_Swallow_Richards |
| is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of | dbr:Battle_Creek,_Michigan dbr:Home_economics dbr:Julia_Lathrop dbr:Virginia_Cutler dbr:Index_of_branches_of_science dbr:Index_of_philosophy_articles_(D–H) dbr:List_of_medical_schools_in_Pakistan dbr:Ellen_Swallow_Richards dbr:Minnie_Cumnock_Blodgett dbr:Luther_Burbank dbr:Jukes_family dbr:Cushing_House dbr:Ecology dbr:Flynn_effect dbr:The_Kallikak_Family dbr:Social_housekeeping dbr:Accountability dbr:Jessie_Stanton dbr:Laurence_H._Snyder dbr:Superhuman dbr:Salvator_Cupcea |
| is dbp:knownFor of | dbr:Ellen_Swallow_Richards |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:Euthenics |
