George Mackaness (original) (raw)
George Bellamy Mackaness (Sydney, 20 de agosto de 1922 in Sydney – Charleston, Carolina do Sul, 4 de março de 2007) foi um patologista e imunologista australiano. Recebeu o Prêmio Paul Ehrlich e Ludwig Darmstaedter de 1975. Foi eleito membro da Royal Society em 1976, e foi fellow da Associação Americana para o Avanço da Ciência e da Academia de Artes e Ciências dos Estados Unidos.
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| dbo:abstract | George Bellamy Mackaness (* 20. August 1922 in Sydney; † 4. März 2007 in Charleston, South Carolina) war ein australischer Pathologe und Immunologe. Mackaness studierte Medizin an der Universität Sydney, mit dem Bachelor-Abschluss und dem M.D. Abschluss 1945. Danach setzte er seine Facharztausbildung am Sydney Hospital fort und erwarb 1948 an der Universität London einen Abschluss in klinischer Pathologie. Danach machte er einen Master-Abschluss (1949) und promovierte 1953 an der Universität Oxford in der William Dunn School of Pathology bei Howard Florey. 1954 ging er als Assistant Professor nach Canberra, wo er eine Abteilung klinische Pathologie an der Australian National University aufbaute. 1959/60 war er an der Rockefeller University. Ab 1962 war er Professor für Mikrobiologie an der University of Adelaide. 1965 wurde er Direktor des Trudeau Institute in Saranac Lake in New York und 1976 Präsident des Squibb Institute of Medical Research in Princetown. 1987 ging er in den Ruhestand und zog in die Gegend von Charleston. Mackaness studierte zunächst die Reaktion des Immunsystems auf intrazelluläre Bakterien bei Tuberkulose, wandte sich in den 1960er Jahren aber Listeria-Bakterien zu, die einfacher zu untersuchen waren. Dabei entdeckte er das von ihm Aktivierung von Makrophagen genannte Phänomen. Makrophagen aus mit Listeria infizierten Mäusen bekämpften, wenn sie auf nicht infizierte Mäuse übertragen wurden, dort die Infektion effektiver als die körpereigenen Makrophagen. Später wurde entdeckt, dass dabei Lymphokine genannte Botenstoffe eine Rolle spielen. 1975 erhielt er den Paul-Ehrlich-und-Ludwig-Darmstaedter-Preis und 1998 den Novartis Preis für klinische Immunologie. 1976 wurde er Fellow der Royal Society und er war Fellow der American Association for the Advancement of Science und der American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Er war seit 1945 verheiratet und hatte ein Kind. (de) George Bellamy Mackaness (20 August 1922 – 4 March 2007) was an Australian professor of microbiology, immunologist, writer and administrator, who researched and described the life history of the macrophage. He showed that by infecting mice with intracellular bacteria, macrophages could be activated to attack other bacteria, triggering further research on "macrophage activation", a term he has come to be associated with. Mackaness completed his early medical training at Sydney Hospital. After the Second World War he moved to London to study pathology before taking up a graduate post at Howard Florey's laboratory in Oxford. There he studied the role of monocytes and macrophages in killing Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Simultaneously he worked on anti-tuberculous medicines, including streptomycin and isoniazid, before receiving his DPhil in 1953. Shortly after returning to Australia, Mackeness was appointed acting head of the Department of Experimental Pathology at the John Curtin School of Medical Research (JCSMR), where his observations led him to describe "acquired cellular resistance" and that specifically committed T-cells reacting with antigen, activated the macrophages. He had by this time completed a sabbatical to the Rockefeller Institute, and had written extensively on renin and high blood pressure. In 1962 he was appointed professor in microbiology at the University of Adelaide. Later, he transferred to the Trudeau Institute in the US before moving to the Squibb Institute for Medical Research, where he played an important part in getting the first ACE inhibitor, captopril, licensed. (en) George Bellamy Mackaness (Sydney, 20 de agosto de 1922 in Sydney – Charleston, Carolina do Sul, 4 de março de 2007) foi um patologista e imunologista australiano. Recebeu o Prêmio Paul Ehrlich e Ludwig Darmstaedter de 1975. Foi eleito membro da Royal Society em 1976, e foi fellow da Associação Americana para o Avanço da Ciência e da Academia de Artes e Ciências dos Estados Unidos. (pt) |
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| dbo:birthName | George Bellamy Mackaness (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | George Bellamy Mackaness (Sydney, 20 de agosto de 1922 in Sydney – Charleston, Carolina do Sul, 4 de março de 2007) foi um patologista e imunologista australiano. Recebeu o Prêmio Paul Ehrlich e Ludwig Darmstaedter de 1975. Foi eleito membro da Royal Society em 1976, e foi fellow da Associação Americana para o Avanço da Ciência e da Academia de Artes e Ciências dos Estados Unidos. (pt) George Bellamy Mackaness (* 20. August 1922 in Sydney; † 4. März 2007 in Charleston, South Carolina) war ein australischer Pathologe und Immunologe. Mackaness studierte Medizin an der Universität Sydney, mit dem Bachelor-Abschluss und dem M.D. Abschluss 1945. Danach setzte er seine Facharztausbildung am Sydney Hospital fort und erwarb 1948 an der Universität London einen Abschluss in klinischer Pathologie. Danach machte er einen Master-Abschluss (1949) und promovierte 1953 an der Universität Oxford in der William Dunn School of Pathology bei Howard Florey. 1954 ging er als Assistant Professor nach Canberra, wo er eine Abteilung klinische Pathologie an der Australian National University aufbaute. 1959/60 war er an der Rockefeller University. Ab 1962 war er Professor für Mikrobiologie an der (de) George Bellamy Mackaness (20 August 1922 – 4 March 2007) was an Australian professor of microbiology, immunologist, writer and administrator, who researched and described the life history of the macrophage. He showed that by infecting mice with intracellular bacteria, macrophages could be activated to attack other bacteria, triggering further research on "macrophage activation", a term he has come to be associated with. (en) |
| rdfs:label | George B. Mackaness (de) George Mackaness (en) George Bellamy Mackaness (pt) |
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