George and Elizabeth Peckham (original) (raw)

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George Williams Peckham (March 23, 1845 – January 10, 1914) and Elizabeth Maria Gifford Peckham (December 19, 1854 – February 11, 1940) were a married couple who were early American teachers, taxonomists, ethologists, arachnologists, and entomologists, specializing in animal behavior and in the study of jumping spiders (family Salticidae) and wasps.

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dbo:abstract George Williams Peckham (March 23, 1845 – January 10, 1914) and Elizabeth Maria Gifford Peckham (December 19, 1854 – February 11, 1940) were a married couple who were early American teachers, taxonomists, ethologists, arachnologists, and entomologists, specializing in animal behavior and in the study of jumping spiders (family Salticidae) and wasps. (en) George William Peckham, né le 23 mars 1845 à Albany dans l'État de New York et mort le 10 janvier 1914 à Milwaukee, et Elizabeth Maria Gifford Peckham, née le 19 décembre 1854 et morte le 10 février 1940, sont un couple de zoologistes ayant réalisé l’essentiel de leur œuvre ensemble. George Peckham participe à 18 ans à la Guerre de Sécession et obtient le grade de first lieutnant un an plus tard. Après la guerre, il reprend ses études et obtient un titre de docteur en médecine en 1872. Diplômé également de droit, il préfère cependant enseigner la biologie à l’East Division High School de Milwaukee. En 1888, Peckham est nommé directeur de cet établissement et en 1891, inspecteur de l’instruction publique. En 1897, il quitte cette carrière pour prendre la direction de la bibliothèque publique de Milwaukee, fonction qu’il occupe jusqu’à retraite en 1910. Il se marie avec Elizabeth Gifford en 1880. Ensemble, ils étudient particulièrement les mœurs des araignées, notamment des Salticidae, et des guêpes. Leurs travaux sur le comportement reproducteur et le mimétisme chez ces animaux leur valent une réputation internationale. (fr) Джордж Пекхэм (1845—1914) и Элизабет Пекхэм (1854—1940) — американские супруги: учителя, биологи-систематики, этологи, энтомологи и арахнологи. Изучали поведение животных, а также пауков-скакунов и ос. (ru) George Williams Peckham (Albany (New York), 23 maart 1845 – 10 januari 1914) en Elizabeth Maria Gifford Peckham (Milwaukee, 19 december 1854 – 11 februari 1940) waren een echtpaar die vroege Amerikaanse leerkrachten, taxonomen, ethologen, arachnologen en entomologen waren. Ze specialiseerden zich in het gedrag van dieren en in de studie van springspinnen (familie Salticidae) en wespen. De Peckhams werkten hun hele leven samen als onderzoeker en als onderwijzer. Van 1883 tot 1909 beschreven ze 63 geslachten en 366 soorten. Samen introduceerde ze darwinistische concepten in het voortgezet onderwijs en begonnen onderzoek te doen naar de taxonomie en het gedrag van springspinnen (Salticidae), een grote groep van visueel georiënteerde spinnen. Zij waren een van de eerste taxonomen die de waarde van classificatie benadrukten. In 1889-1890 publiceerde ze Observations on Sexual Selection in Spiders of the Family Attidae, en Additional Observations on Sexual Selection in Spiders of the Family Attidae, with Some Remarks on Mr. Wallace's Theory of Sexual Ornamentation, samen met de eerste studies over seksuele selectie die Darwin's concept ondersteunden tegen Wallace's alternatieve uitleg van baltsgedrag. In 1898 produceerden ze On the Instincts and Habits of the Solitary Wasps, een werk dat als een wetenschappelijke klassieker wordt gezien niet alleen wegens de stijl, maar ook wetenschappelijk. In tegenstelling tot het latere werk van Fabre die de vermeende "perfectie" van insectengedrag prees, identificeerden de Peckhams soorten gedragingen die onderworpen waren aan natuurlijke selectie. (nl)
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rdfs:comment George Williams Peckham (March 23, 1845 – January 10, 1914) and Elizabeth Maria Gifford Peckham (December 19, 1854 – February 11, 1940) were a married couple who were early American teachers, taxonomists, ethologists, arachnologists, and entomologists, specializing in animal behavior and in the study of jumping spiders (family Salticidae) and wasps. (en) Джордж Пекхэм (1845—1914) и Элизабет Пекхэм (1854—1940) — американские супруги: учителя, биологи-систематики, этологи, энтомологи и арахнологи. Изучали поведение животных, а также пауков-скакунов и ос. (ru) George William Peckham, né le 23 mars 1845 à Albany dans l'État de New York et mort le 10 janvier 1914 à Milwaukee, et Elizabeth Maria Gifford Peckham, née le 19 décembre 1854 et morte le 10 février 1940, sont un couple de zoologistes ayant réalisé l’essentiel de leur œuvre ensemble. Il se marie avec Elizabeth Gifford en 1880. Ensemble, ils étudient particulièrement les mœurs des araignées, notamment des Salticidae, et des guêpes. Leurs travaux sur le comportement reproducteur et le mimétisme chez ces animaux leur valent une réputation internationale. (fr) George Williams Peckham (Albany (New York), 23 maart 1845 – 10 januari 1914) en Elizabeth Maria Gifford Peckham (Milwaukee, 19 december 1854 – 11 februari 1940) waren een echtpaar die vroege Amerikaanse leerkrachten, taxonomen, ethologen, arachnologen en entomologen waren. Ze specialiseerden zich in het gedrag van dieren en in de studie van springspinnen (familie Salticidae) en wespen. (nl)
rdfs:label Elizabeth Maria Gifford Peckham et George William Peckham (fr) George and Elizabeth Peckham (en) George en Elizabeth Peckham (nl) Пекхэм, Джордж и Элизабет (ru)
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