Gerard Salton (original) (raw)
Gerard Salton (geboren als Gerhard Anton Sahlmann 8. März 1927 in Nürnberg; gestorben 28. August 1995) war Professor für Informatik an der Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA. Seine Forschung und sein Einsatz in Fachverbänden und -organisationen hatten maßgeblichen Einfluss auf die Entwicklung des Information Retrieval als eigenständiges Forschungsgebiet.
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| dbo:abstract | Gerard A. "Gerry" Salton (Nuremberg, 8 març 1927 – Nova York, 28 agost 1995), va ser professor d'informàtica a la Universitat de Cornell. Salton era un informàtic que treballava en el camp de la recuperació de l'informació. Gerhard Anton Sahlmann va néixer el 8 de març de 1927 a Nuremberg, Alemanya. Va obtenir una titulació de Grau (1950) i Máster (1952) en Matemàtiques a la Universitat de Brooklyn, anys més tard es va graduar en el doctorat de Matemàtiques aplicades a Harvard en (1958). Un cop acabats el seus estudis, va ser professor fins a l'any 1965 on va unir-se a la Universitat de Cornell i va co-fundar el seu propi departament d'Informàtica. Salton va destacar pel seu desenvolupament del model d'espai vector utilitzat àmpliament per la recuperació de l'informació. En aquest model, els documents i les consultes són representats com vectors de recomptes de terme, i la semblança entre un document i una consulta és donat pel cosinus entre el vector del terme i el vector del document. En aquest treball, també va introduir el TF-IDF, o terme-freqüència-invers-freqüència de document, un model en el qual la puntuació d'un terme en un document és la proporció del nombre de termes en aquell document dividit per la freqüència del nombre dels documents en els que aquell terme apareix. (El concepte de freqüència inversa del document, una mesura d'especificitat, va ser introduïda a l'any 1972 per Karen Sparck-Jones.) Més tard, es va interessar pel resum de text automàtic i anàlisi, així com automàtic hypertext generació. Va publicar per damunt 150 articles de recerca i 5 llibres durant la seva vida. Salton va ser cap d'edició de la Revista de l'ACM, i encarregat del SIGIR. Va ser editor associat de les Transaccions d'ACM sobre els Sistemes d'Informació. L'any 1995 va ser escollit com a Fellow d'ACM per la seva exel·lencia professional. Va rebre el Premi de Mèrit de la Societat americana per Ciència d'Informació (1989), i era el primer destinatari del Premi de SIGIR per contribucions excepcionals per estudiar d'informació retrieval (1983) -- ara cridat el Gerard Salton Premi. (ca) Gerard Salton (geboren als Gerhard Anton Sahlmann 8. März 1927 in Nürnberg; gestorben 28. August 1995) war Professor für Informatik an der Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA. Seine Forschung und sein Einsatz in Fachverbänden und -organisationen hatten maßgeblichen Einfluss auf die Entwicklung des Information Retrieval als eigenständiges Forschungsgebiet. (de) Gerard A. "Gerry" Salton (8 March 1927 in Nuremberg – 28 August 1995) was a Professor of Computer Science at Cornell University. Salton was perhaps the leading computer scientist working in the field of information retrieval during his time, and "the father of Information Retrieval". His group at Cornell developed the SMART Information Retrieval System, which he initiated when he was at Harvard. It was the very first system to use the now popular vector space model for Information Retrieval. Salton was born Gerhard Anton Sahlmann on March 8, 1927 in Nuremberg, Germany. He received a Bachelor's (1950) and Master's (1952) degree in mathematics from Brooklyn College, and a Ph.D. from Harvard in applied mathematics in 1958, the last of Howard Aiken's doctoral students, and taught there until 1965, when he joined Cornell University and co-founded its department of Computer Science. Salton was perhaps most well known for developing the now widely used vector space model for Information Retrieval. In this model, both documents and queries are represented as vectors of term counts, and the similarity between a document and a query is given by the cosine between the term vector and the document vector. In this paper, he also introduced TF-IDF, or term-frequency-inverse-document frequency, a model in which the score of a term in a document is the ratio of the number of terms in that document divided by the frequency of the number of documents in which that term occurs. (The concept of inverse document frequency, a measure of specificity, had been introduced in 1972 by Karen Sparck-Jones.) Later in life, he became interested in automatic text summarization and analysis, as well as automatic hypertext generation. He published over 150 research articles and 5 books during his life. Salton was editor-in-chief of the Communications of the ACM and the Journal of the ACM, and chaired Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval (SIGIR). He was an associate editor of the ACM Transactions on Information Systems. He was an ACM Fellow (elected 1995), received an Award of Merit from the American Society for Information Science (1989), and was the first recipient of the SIGIR Award for outstanding contributions to study of Information Retrieval (1983) -- now called the Gerard Salton Award. (en) Gerard Salton (Núremberg, 8 de marzo de 1927 - Nueva York, 28 de agosto de 1995) fue un informático e informatólogo estadounidense de origen alemán. Especialista en Recuperación de información y en procesamiento del lenguaje natural. (es) Gerard Salton, né Gerhard Anton Sahlmann, aussi connu comme Gerry Salton, né le 8 mars 1927 à Nuremberg, mort le 28 août 1995, est un scientifique, chercheur en informatique, professeur à l'Université Cornell. Salton est l'un des pionniers dans le domaine de la Recherche d'information en informatique. Une de ses contributions les plus importantes est le développement du modèle vectoriel pour la recherche d'information, et le développement du SMART Information Retrieval System qu'il initia à l'Université Harvard. (fr) Gerard Salton (8 Maret 1927 – 28 Agustus 1995) adalah seorang profesor ilmu komputer pada Cornell University. Ia disebut-sebut sebagai salah satu figur utama dalam keilmuan , sumbangsih terkenal Salton adalah SMART (Salton’s Magic Automatic Retriever of Text) information Retrieval System. SMART memelopori munculnya konsep information retrieval dengan menggunakan model ruang vektor, skema pembobotan term dengan dukungan statistik yang rumit serta konsep menggunakan umpan balik untuk optimasi pencarian . (in) 제라드 솔튼(Gerard Salton, 1927년 3월 8일~1995년 8월 28일)은 코넬 대학교의 컴퓨터 과학과 교수였다. 그는 그가 활동했던 시기에 정보 검색 학계에서 가장 앞서나가는 연구자였던 것으로 여겨진다. 그가 하버드 대학교에서 개발을 시작하고, 이후 코넬 대학교 연구진과 함께 개발을 마무리한 은 오늘날 정보 검색 분야에서 보편적으로 활용되는 벡터 공간 모델이 최초로 적용된 시스템이었다. 솔튼은 1927년 3월 8일 독일 뉘른베르크에서 출생했다. 브루클린 칼리지에서 수학과 학사(1950) 및 석사(1952) 학위를 받았으며, 1958년 하버드 대학교에서 응용 수학과 박사 학위를 받았다. 그는 하버드 대학교에서 컴퓨팅 연구의 선구자인 하워드 에이컨 밑에서 수학한 마지막 박사생이었다. 1965년까지 하버드 대학교에서 강의를 했고, 이후 코넬 대학교로 자리를 옮겨 이 대학 컴퓨터 과학과의 공동 설립자가 되었다. 솔튼은 오늘날 정보 검색 분야에서 널리 사용되는 벡터 공간 모델의 창시자로 가장 잘 알려져 있다. 이 모델에서는 문서가 단어 빈도의 벡터로 표현되며, 서로 다른 두 문서 벡터의 코사인 유사도를 이용해 유사한 정도를 판단할 수 있다. 벡터 공간 모델과 관련하여 널리 사용되는 TF-IDF(단어 빈도-역 문서 빈도)의 개념 또한 같은 논문에서 솔튼이 제안한 것으로, 특정 단어의 한 문서 안에서의 가중치를 단어의 단일 문서내 빈도 및 전체 문서중 빈도의 비율로 산출하였다.(여기서 사용된 역 문서 빈도의 개념은 1972년 Karen Spärck Jones에 의해 제안되었다.) 그는 이 연구 이후에 자동 텍스트 요약 및 분석 및 자동 하이퍼 텍스트 생성에 관심을 가졌다. 그는 전생애에 걸쳐 150편의 연구논문과 5권의 저서를 남겼다. 솔튼은 학술지인 Communications of the ACM과 Journal of the ACM의 편집장을 지냈으며, Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval(SIGIR)의 회장직을 역임하였다. 또한 ACM Transactions on Information Systems의 부편집장도 맡았다. 그는 1995년 ACM 펠로우로 선출되었으며, 1989년 미국 정보 과학 협회(American Society for Information Science)로부터 Award of Merit상을 수여 받았다. 또한 1983년에는 정보 검색 분야 연구에 뛰어난 공헌을 한 공로로 최초의 SIGIR상 수상자가 되었으며, 이 상은 오늘날 Gerard Salton Award로 불린다. (ko) |
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| rdfs:comment | Gerard Salton (geboren als Gerhard Anton Sahlmann 8. März 1927 in Nürnberg; gestorben 28. August 1995) war Professor für Informatik an der Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA. Seine Forschung und sein Einsatz in Fachverbänden und -organisationen hatten maßgeblichen Einfluss auf die Entwicklung des Information Retrieval als eigenständiges Forschungsgebiet. (de) Gerard Salton (Núremberg, 8 de marzo de 1927 - Nueva York, 28 de agosto de 1995) fue un informático e informatólogo estadounidense de origen alemán. Especialista en Recuperación de información y en procesamiento del lenguaje natural. (es) Gerard Salton, né Gerhard Anton Sahlmann, aussi connu comme Gerry Salton, né le 8 mars 1927 à Nuremberg, mort le 28 août 1995, est un scientifique, chercheur en informatique, professeur à l'Université Cornell. Salton est l'un des pionniers dans le domaine de la Recherche d'information en informatique. Une de ses contributions les plus importantes est le développement du modèle vectoriel pour la recherche d'information, et le développement du SMART Information Retrieval System qu'il initia à l'Université Harvard. (fr) Gerard Salton (8 Maret 1927 – 28 Agustus 1995) adalah seorang profesor ilmu komputer pada Cornell University. Ia disebut-sebut sebagai salah satu figur utama dalam keilmuan , sumbangsih terkenal Salton adalah SMART (Salton’s Magic Automatic Retriever of Text) information Retrieval System. SMART memelopori munculnya konsep information retrieval dengan menggunakan model ruang vektor, skema pembobotan term dengan dukungan statistik yang rumit serta konsep menggunakan umpan balik untuk optimasi pencarian . (in) Gerard A. "Gerry" Salton (Nuremberg, 8 març 1927 – Nova York, 28 agost 1995), va ser professor d'informàtica a la Universitat de Cornell. Salton era un informàtic que treballava en el camp de la recuperació de l'informació. (ca) Gerard A. "Gerry" Salton (8 March 1927 in Nuremberg – 28 August 1995) was a Professor of Computer Science at Cornell University. Salton was perhaps the leading computer scientist working in the field of information retrieval during his time, and "the father of Information Retrieval". His group at Cornell developed the SMART Information Retrieval System, which he initiated when he was at Harvard. It was the very first system to use the now popular vector space model for Information Retrieval. (en) 제라드 솔튼(Gerard Salton, 1927년 3월 8일~1995년 8월 28일)은 코넬 대학교의 컴퓨터 과학과 교수였다. 그는 그가 활동했던 시기에 정보 검색 학계에서 가장 앞서나가는 연구자였던 것으로 여겨진다. 그가 하버드 대학교에서 개발을 시작하고, 이후 코넬 대학교 연구진과 함께 개발을 마무리한 은 오늘날 정보 검색 분야에서 보편적으로 활용되는 벡터 공간 모델이 최초로 적용된 시스템이었다. 솔튼은 1927년 3월 8일 독일 뉘른베르크에서 출생했다. 브루클린 칼리지에서 수학과 학사(1950) 및 석사(1952) 학위를 받았으며, 1958년 하버드 대학교에서 응용 수학과 박사 학위를 받았다. 그는 하버드 대학교에서 컴퓨팅 연구의 선구자인 하워드 에이컨 밑에서 수학한 마지막 박사생이었다. 1965년까지 하버드 대학교에서 강의를 했고, 이후 코넬 대학교로 자리를 옮겨 이 대학 컴퓨터 과학과의 공동 설립자가 되었다. (ko) |
| rdfs:label | Gerard Salton (en) Gerard Salton (ca) Gerard Salton (de) Gerard Salton (es) Gerard Salton (in) Gerard Salton (fr) 제라드 솔튼 (ko) |
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