Gordon Welchman (original) (raw)
William Gordon Welchman (15. června 1906 Bristol - 8. října 1985 Massachusetts) byl anglický matematik, univerzitní profesor, spisovatel a specialista na kódování a kryptografii.
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| dbo:abstract | William Gordon Welchman (15. června 1906 Bristol - 8. října 1985 Massachusetts) byl anglický matematik, univerzitní profesor, spisovatel a specialista na kódování a kryptografii. (cs) Gordon Welchman (anglès: William Gordon Welchman) (Bristol, 15 de juny de 1906 - Newburyport, 8 d'octubre de 1985) fou un matemàtic, professor d'universitat i escriptor anglès i estatunidenc, que va fer de desencriptador durant la Segona Guerra Mundial a Bletchley Park (ca) William Gordon Welchman (* 15. Juni 1906 in Bristol, England; † 8. Oktober 1985 in Newburyport, USA) war ein englischer Mathematiker. (de) William Gordon Welchman (15 June 1906 – 8 October 1985) was a British mathematician. During World War II, he worked at Britain's secret codebreaking centre, "Station X" at Bletchley Park, where he was one of the most important contributors. After the war he moved to the US, and worked on the design of military communications systems. (en) William Gordon Welchman, né le 15 juin 1906 et mort le 8 octobre 1985, était un mathématicien britannique et un cryptographe de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, à Bletchley Park. Welchman fut nommé à la tête de la sixième section des services du chiffre (Alan Turing était le chef de la section huit). La Hutte 6 était chargée de percer le chiffre des machines Enigma de l'Armée de terre (Heer) et de l'Armée de l'air allemandes. Welchman a conçu une amélioration de l'architecture de l'appareil électromécanique de décryptage, la « bombe cryptologique » de Turing. Cette amélioration, connue sous l'appellation de « diagonal board », a rendu l'appareil plus efficace dans l'attaque des messages chiffrés à l'aide de la machine Enigma allemande. Ces « bombes » ont été les principaux outils du décryptage d'Enigma, pendant la guerre. Après la guerre, Welchman émigre aux USA où il travaille pour l'industrie de défense. En 1982, il publie ses mémoires, décrivant comment le chiffre Enigma de la Luftwaffe a été brisé. Ses anciens collègues sont horrifiés par ce qu'ils considèrent comme une violation du secret. Le gouvernement américain retire l'habilitation de Welchman. En 1985, il est pourtant autorisé à publier un long article détaillé sur le même sujet, et aura ainsi divulgué tout ce dont il pouvait se souvenir. Welchman meurt la même année. (fr) Уильям Гордон Уэлшман (Уэлчман) (англ. William Gordon Welchman; 15 июня 1906, Бристоль, Англия — 8 октября 1985, Ньюберипорт, Массачусетс, США) — британский (позже американский) математик и криптоаналитик. Во время Второй мировой войны руководил отделом в Блетчли-парке. (ru) William Gordon Welchman (Bristol, 15 de junho de 1906 – Newburyport, 8 de outubro de 1985) foi um matemático britânico, professor universitário, criptoanalista durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial em Bletchley Park e escritor. Com o fim da guerra, ele se mudou para os Estados Unidos, onde conseguiu cidadania pouco depois. William nasceu em , Bristol, sendo o mais novo de três filhos do casal William Welchman (1866–1954) e Elizabeth Marshall Griffith. Seu pai era clérigo da Igreja da Inglaterra e foi missionário fora do país até retornar ao país como vigário. Elizabeth, sua mãe, era filha de outro clérigo, o reverendo Edward Moule Griffith. Estudou no Marlborough College, um internato em Wiltshire e depois cursou matemática no Trinity College, em Cambridge, de 1925 a 1928. A convite do comandante , William se juntou à equipe da Government Code and Cypher School, pouco antes do começo da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Era um dos quatro matemáticos recrutados - Alan Turing, Hugh Alexander e , com a entrada de Joan Clarke posteriormente. (pt) Вільям Гордон Велчман (англ. Gordon Welchman; 15 червня 1906, Брістоль, Англія — 8 жовтня 1985, Ньюберіпорт, Массачусетс, США) — британський (пізніше американський) математик і криптоаналітик. Під час Другої світової війни керував відділом в Блетчлі-парку. (uk) |
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| rdfs:comment | William Gordon Welchman (15. června 1906 Bristol - 8. října 1985 Massachusetts) byl anglický matematik, univerzitní profesor, spisovatel a specialista na kódování a kryptografii. (cs) Gordon Welchman (anglès: William Gordon Welchman) (Bristol, 15 de juny de 1906 - Newburyport, 8 d'octubre de 1985) fou un matemàtic, professor d'universitat i escriptor anglès i estatunidenc, que va fer de desencriptador durant la Segona Guerra Mundial a Bletchley Park (ca) William Gordon Welchman (* 15. Juni 1906 in Bristol, England; † 8. Oktober 1985 in Newburyport, USA) war ein englischer Mathematiker. (de) William Gordon Welchman (15 June 1906 – 8 October 1985) was a British mathematician. During World War II, he worked at Britain's secret codebreaking centre, "Station X" at Bletchley Park, where he was one of the most important contributors. After the war he moved to the US, and worked on the design of military communications systems. (en) Уильям Гордон Уэлшман (Уэлчман) (англ. William Gordon Welchman; 15 июня 1906, Бристоль, Англия — 8 октября 1985, Ньюберипорт, Массачусетс, США) — британский (позже американский) математик и криптоаналитик. Во время Второй мировой войны руководил отделом в Блетчли-парке. (ru) Вільям Гордон Велчман (англ. Gordon Welchman; 15 червня 1906, Брістоль, Англія — 8 жовтня 1985, Ньюберіпорт, Массачусетс, США) — британський (пізніше американський) математик і криптоаналітик. Під час Другої світової війни керував відділом в Блетчлі-парку. (uk) William Gordon Welchman, né le 15 juin 1906 et mort le 8 octobre 1985, était un mathématicien britannique et un cryptographe de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, à Bletchley Park. Welchman fut nommé à la tête de la sixième section des services du chiffre (Alan Turing était le chef de la section huit). La Hutte 6 était chargée de percer le chiffre des machines Enigma de l'Armée de terre (Heer) et de l'Armée de l'air allemandes. (fr) William Gordon Welchman (Bristol, 15 de junho de 1906 – Newburyport, 8 de outubro de 1985) foi um matemático britânico, professor universitário, criptoanalista durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial em Bletchley Park e escritor. Com o fim da guerra, ele se mudou para os Estados Unidos, onde conseguiu cidadania pouco depois. (pt) |
| rdfs:label | Gordon Welchman (ca) Gordon Welchman (cs) Gordon Welchman (de) Gordon Welchman (en) William Gordon Welchman (fr) Уэлшман, Гордон (ru) William Gordon Welchman (pt) Гордон Велчман (uk) |
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