Gustav Albert Schwalbe (original) (raw)
Gustav Albert Schwalbe (* 1. August 1844 in Quedlinburg; † 23. April 1916 in Straßburg) war ein deutscher Anatom und Anthropologe.
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| dbo:abstract | Gustav Albert Schwalbe (* 1. August 1844 in Quedlinburg; † 23. April 1916 in Straßburg) war ein deutscher Anatom und Anthropologe. (de) Gustav Albert Schwalbe, M.D. (1 August 1844 – 23 April 1916) was a German anatomist and anthropologist from Quedlinburg. He was educated at the universities of Berlin, Zurich, and Bonn (M.D. 1866), he became in 1870 privat-docent at the University of Halle, in 1871 privatdozent and prosector at the University of Freiburg in Baden, in 1872 assistant professor at the University of Leipzig, and then professor of anatomy successively at the universities of Jena (1873), Königsberg (1881), and Strassburg (1883) — at that time a German university, Alsace having been annexed to Germany. There he died. Known for his anthropological research of primitive man, Schwalbe considered the Neanderthal to be a direct ancestor of modern humans. Much to the dismay of the Dutch paleontologist Eugène Dubois (1858–1940) who had discovered Java Man, Schwalbe published in 1899 the influential treatise Studien über Pithecantropus Erectus (Study of Pithecantropus Erectus). In 1869 Schwalbe injected Berlin-blue dye into the subarachnoid space of a dog, and was the first to demonstrate that the major pathways to absorb cerebrospinal fluid were lymphatic pathways. The subarachnoid or subdural spaces between the internal and external sheaths of the optic nerve are now referred to as "Schwalbe's spaces"; also called the intervaginal spaces of optic nerve (spatia intervaginalia nervi optici). His name is lent to several other anatomical structures, including "Schwalbe's nucleus" or the vestibular nucleus; "Schwalbe's ring", which is a circular ridge consisting of collagenous fibers surrounding the outer margin of Descemet's membrane; and "Schwalbe's line", an anatomical line located on the posterior surface of the eye's cornea. He was the first to describe Paneth cells in the Archiv für mikroskopische Anatomie in 1872; he described them 16 years before Joseph Paneth. Paneth even acknowledged Schwalbe and used one of his drawings in his article that was published in the same journal. https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/article/4/5/523/2366438?login=true (en) Gustav Schwalbe (Quedlinburg, 1º agosto 1844 – Strasburgo, 23 aprile 1916) è stato un antropologo tedesco. Laureatosi a Berlino nel 1866, venne nominato straordinario a Lipsia, poi, nel 1879 succedeva a Karl Gegenbaur nella cattedra di anatomia di Jena.Schwalbe è ricordato per i suoi studi sull'uomo primitivo; considerò l'uomo di Neanderthal un antenato diretto dell'uomo moderno e scrisse un notevole trattato sull'uomo di Giava, appena venne scoperto da Eugène Dubois. Nel 1869 Schwalbe iniettò il colorante blu Berlino nella membrana subaracnoidea di un cane al fine di dimostrare che il sistema linfatico era collegato ai fluidi cerebrospinali. Questi spazi subaracnoidei presero il nome di . Diede anche il nome al nucleo di Schwalbe (nucleo vestibolare mediale) e alla linea anatomica che localizzò sulla superficie posteriore dell'occhio, detta linea di Schwalbe. Inoltre elaborò un metodo di misurazione del cranio sulla base del quale è sorta la . (it) Gustav Albert Schwalbe (ur. 1 sierpnia 1844 w Quedlinburgu, zm. 23 kwietnia 1916 w Strasburgu) – niemiecki anatom i antropolog, profesor anatomii i antropologii na Uniwersytecie w Lipsku, Uniwersytecie w Jenie, Uniwersytecie w Królewcu i Uniwersytecie w Strasburgu. (pl) Густав Альберт Шва́льбе (нем. Gustav Albert Schwalbe; 1 августа 1844, Кведлинбург — 23 апреля 1916, Страсбург) — немецкий анатом, антрополог и преподаватель; доктор медицины. (ru) Gustav Albert Schwalbe, född 1 augusti 1844 i Quedlinburg, död 23 april 1916 i Strassburg, var en tysk anatom. Schwalbe blev 1866 medicine doktor i Bonn, docent 1870 i Halle an der Saale och 1871 i Freiburg im Breisgau, e.o. professor i Leipzig 1871 samt ordinarie anatomie professor 1873 i Jena, 1881 i Königsberg och 1883 i Strassburg. Schwalbe utgav en mängd avhandlingar inom anatomin och antropologin. Hans läroböcker Lehrbuch der Neurologie (1881) och Lehrbuch der Anatomie der Sinnesorgane (1886) tillhörde sin tids allra bästa i sitt slag. Bland hans antropologiska arbeten märks Studien über Pithecanthropus erectus (1899), Der Neanderthalschädel (1901) och Die Vorgeschichte des Menschen (1904). Dessutom redigerade han "Jahresbericht für die Fortschritte der Anatomie und Entwicklungsgeschichte" (från 1897) och "Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Anthropologie" (från 1899). Han blev ledamot av Fysiografiska sällskapet i Lund 1896, av Vetenskapssocieteten i Uppsala 1905, av Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien 1906 och var hedersledamot av Svenska Läkaresällskapet. (sv) |
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| rdfs:comment | Gustav Albert Schwalbe (* 1. August 1844 in Quedlinburg; † 23. April 1916 in Straßburg) war ein deutscher Anatom und Anthropologe. (de) Gustav Albert Schwalbe (ur. 1 sierpnia 1844 w Quedlinburgu, zm. 23 kwietnia 1916 w Strasburgu) – niemiecki anatom i antropolog, profesor anatomii i antropologii na Uniwersytecie w Lipsku, Uniwersytecie w Jenie, Uniwersytecie w Królewcu i Uniwersytecie w Strasburgu. (pl) Густав Альберт Шва́льбе (нем. Gustav Albert Schwalbe; 1 августа 1844, Кведлинбург — 23 апреля 1916, Страсбург) — немецкий анатом, антрополог и преподаватель; доктор медицины. (ru) Gustav Albert Schwalbe, M.D. (1 August 1844 – 23 April 1916) was a German anatomist and anthropologist from Quedlinburg. He was educated at the universities of Berlin, Zurich, and Bonn (M.D. 1866), he became in 1870 privat-docent at the University of Halle, in 1871 privatdozent and prosector at the University of Freiburg in Baden, in 1872 assistant professor at the University of Leipzig, and then professor of anatomy successively at the universities of Jena (1873), Königsberg (1881), and Strassburg (1883) — at that time a German university, Alsace having been annexed to Germany. There he died. (en) Gustav Schwalbe (Quedlinburg, 1º agosto 1844 – Strasburgo, 23 aprile 1916) è stato un antropologo tedesco. Laureatosi a Berlino nel 1866, venne nominato straordinario a Lipsia, poi, nel 1879 succedeva a Karl Gegenbaur nella cattedra di anatomia di Jena.Schwalbe è ricordato per i suoi studi sull'uomo primitivo; considerò l'uomo di Neanderthal un antenato diretto dell'uomo moderno e scrisse un notevole trattato sull'uomo di Giava, appena venne scoperto da Eugène Dubois. Inoltre elaborò un metodo di misurazione del cranio sulla base del quale è sorta la . (it) Gustav Albert Schwalbe, född 1 augusti 1844 i Quedlinburg, död 23 april 1916 i Strassburg, var en tysk anatom. Schwalbe blev 1866 medicine doktor i Bonn, docent 1870 i Halle an der Saale och 1871 i Freiburg im Breisgau, e.o. professor i Leipzig 1871 samt ordinarie anatomie professor 1873 i Jena, 1881 i Königsberg och 1883 i Strassburg. (sv) |
| rdfs:label | Gustav Schwalbe (de) Gustav Albert Schwalbe (en) Gustav Albert Schwalbe (it) Gustav Schwalbe (pl) Швальбе, Густав (ru) Gustav Schwalbe (sv) |
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