Henri Bénard (original) (raw)
Henri Claude Bénard (* 25. Oktober 1874 in Lieurey, Normandie; † 29. März 1939 in Neuilly-sur-Seine) war ein französischer Physiker, der sich mit experimenteller Hydrodynamik befasste. Er ist für die Entdeckung des regulären Musters von Konvektionszellen, den sogenannten Bénard-Zellen, in der Rayleigh-Bénard-Konvektion bekannt.
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| dbo:abstract | Henri Claude Bénard (* 25. Oktober 1874 in Lieurey, Normandie; † 29. März 1939 in Neuilly-sur-Seine) war ein französischer Physiker, der sich mit experimenteller Hydrodynamik befasste. Er ist für die Entdeckung des regulären Musters von Konvektionszellen, den sogenannten Bénard-Zellen, in der Rayleigh-Bénard-Konvektion bekannt. (de) Henri Claude Bénard (25 October 1874 – 29 March 1939) was a French physicist, best known for his research on convection in liquids that now carries his name, Bénard convection. In addition, the historical surveys of both Tokaty and von Kármán both acknowledge that Bénard studied the vortex shedding phenomenon later named the Kármán vortex street, prior to von Karman's own contributions. Bénard specialized in , and the use of optical methods to study it. He was a faculty member at the universities at Lyon, Bordeaux, and finally the Sorbonne in Paris. Bénard defended his PhD thesis at the Collège de France on March 15, 1901 entitled "Les Tourbillons cellulaires dans une nappe liquide propageant de la chaleur par convection en régime permanent". Bénard was elected President of the French Society of Physics (SFP) in 1929, following the presidency of Louis Lumière. He was succeeded as President the next year by his friend and former teacher, Jean Perrin.In 1929 Bénard received the Bordin Prize for his work on vortices from the French Academy of Sciences. After his death in 1939, his widow received the Poncelet Prize on his behalf, also from the French Academy of Sciences. A research center of the ERCOFTAC in Lyon is named after him. (en) Henri Bénard, né le 25 octobre 1874 à Lieurey et mort le 29 mars 1939 à Neuilly-sur-Seine), est un physicien français. Il est à l'origine, dès 1900, de l'observation des cellules de Bénard. (fr) Henri Bénard (ur. 25 października 1874 Lieurey, Normandia, zm. 29 marca 1939, w Neuilly-sur-Seine, koło Paryża) – francuski fizyk, odkrywca komórek konwekcyjnych obserwowanych w podgrzanej cieczy, nazwanych od jego imienia komórkami Bénarda. (pl) Henri Bénard (1874 – 1939) foi um físico francês, renomado pela descoberta do fenômeno termodinâmico da convecção do calor (convecção térmica) em líquidos, posteriormente chamado de . Em 1900, através de uma experiência simples, Bénard descobriu que o aquecimento de uma fina camada de líquido pode resultar no aparecimento espontâneo de estruturas estranhamente ordenadas, ou células de convecção. A partir de então, elas foram chamadas de células de Bérnard. E, a partir de 1960, foram novamente estudadas pelo químico russo Ilya Prigogine, culminando na sua teoria das estruturas dissipativas. * TRANSFERÊNCIA DE CALOR POR CONDUÇÃO TÉRMICA - Quando o líquido é uniformemente aquecido a partir de baixo, é estabelecido um fluxo térmico constante que se move do fundo para o topo. O próprio líquido permanece em repouso, e o calor é transferido apenas por condução térmica. * TRANSFERÊNCIA DE CALOR POR CONVECÇÃO TÉRMICA - No entanto, quando a diferença de temperatura entre as superfícies do topo e do fundo atinge uma certa diferença crítica, o fluxo térmico é substituído pela convecção térmica, na qual o calor é transferido pelo movimento coerente de um grande número de moléculas. A essa altura, emerge um extraordinário padrão ordenado de células hexagonais (tipo favo de mel), no qual o líquido aquecido sobe através dos centros das células, enquanto o líquido mais frio desce para o fundo ao longo das suas paredes. (pt) |
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| dbp:prizes | Poncelet Prize (en) Bordin Prize (en) Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur à titre militaire (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Henri Claude Bénard (* 25. Oktober 1874 in Lieurey, Normandie; † 29. März 1939 in Neuilly-sur-Seine) war ein französischer Physiker, der sich mit experimenteller Hydrodynamik befasste. Er ist für die Entdeckung des regulären Musters von Konvektionszellen, den sogenannten Bénard-Zellen, in der Rayleigh-Bénard-Konvektion bekannt. (de) Henri Bénard, né le 25 octobre 1874 à Lieurey et mort le 29 mars 1939 à Neuilly-sur-Seine), est un physicien français. Il est à l'origine, dès 1900, de l'observation des cellules de Bénard. (fr) Henri Bénard (ur. 25 października 1874 Lieurey, Normandia, zm. 29 marca 1939, w Neuilly-sur-Seine, koło Paryża) – francuski fizyk, odkrywca komórek konwekcyjnych obserwowanych w podgrzanej cieczy, nazwanych od jego imienia komórkami Bénarda. (pl) Henri Claude Bénard (25 October 1874 – 29 March 1939) was a French physicist, best known for his research on convection in liquids that now carries his name, Bénard convection. In addition, the historical surveys of both Tokaty and von Kármán both acknowledge that Bénard studied the vortex shedding phenomenon later named the Kármán vortex street, prior to von Karman's own contributions. Bénard specialized in , and the use of optical methods to study it. He was a faculty member at the universities at Lyon, Bordeaux, and finally the Sorbonne in Paris. (en) Henri Bénard (1874 – 1939) foi um físico francês, renomado pela descoberta do fenômeno termodinâmico da convecção do calor (convecção térmica) em líquidos, posteriormente chamado de . Em 1900, através de uma experiência simples, Bénard descobriu que o aquecimento de uma fina camada de líquido pode resultar no aparecimento espontâneo de estruturas estranhamente ordenadas, ou células de convecção. A partir de então, elas foram chamadas de células de Bérnard. E, a partir de 1960, foram novamente estudadas pelo químico russo Ilya Prigogine, culminando na sua teoria das estruturas dissipativas. (pt) |
| rdfs:label | Henri Bénard (de) Henri Bénard (fr) Henri Bénard (en) Henri Bénard (pl) Henri Bénard (pt) |
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