Henry Tye (original) (raw)
Henry Sze-Hoi Tye (chinesisch 戴自海, Pinyin Dài Zìhǎi; * 1948) ist ein amerikanischer theoretischer Physiker und Kosmologe chinesischer Herkunft. Tye ist bekannt für seinen Vorschlag, dass sich eine Brane und eine Antibrane gegenseitig auslöschen und damit die Inflation des Universums vorantreiben. Ferner sind seine Arbeiten in der Superstringtheorie, der Branenkosmologie und der Elementarteilchenphysik in Fachkreisen bekannt.
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| dbo:abstract | Henry Sze-Hoi Tye (chinesisch 戴自海, Pinyin Dài Zìhǎi; * 1948) ist ein amerikanischer theoretischer Physiker und Kosmologe chinesischer Herkunft. Tye ist bekannt für seinen Vorschlag, dass sich eine Brane und eine Antibrane gegenseitig auslöschen und damit die Inflation des Universums vorantreiben. Ferner sind seine Arbeiten in der Superstringtheorie, der Branenkosmologie und der Elementarteilchenphysik in Fachkreisen bekannt. Er erhielt 1970 den B.S. vom California Institute of Technology und 1974 seinen Ph. D. in Physik vom Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Von 1974 bis 1977 arbeitete er am Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, 1977 bis 1978 am Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, 1978 bis 1987 an der Cornell University, wo er seit 1987 Professor ist. Zudem ist er Fellow der American Physical Society. (de) Sze-Hoi Henry Tye (Chinese: 戴自海; born 1947 in Shanghai, China) is a Chinese-American cosmologist and theoretical physicist most notable for proposing that relative brane motion could cause cosmic inflation as well as his work on superstring theory, brane cosmology and elementary particle physics. He had his primary and secondary school education in Hong Kong. Graduated from La Salle College. He received his B.S. from the California Institute of Technology and his Ph.D. in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under Francis Low. He is the Horace White Professor of Physics, Emeritus, at Cornell University and a fellow of the American Physical Society. He joined the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in 2011 and was the Director of HKUST Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study during 2011-2016. Together with Gia Dvali, he suggested the idea of brane inflation in 1998 in which inflation arises because of the weak forces supersymmetry allows between identical branes. A variant of this proposal based on branes and antibranes was later put on concrete string theoretic grounds by Shamit Kachru and collaborators. He went on to work out many details of brane inflation with his research group at Cornell. He was responsible for the revival of the interest in cosmic strings. Cosmic superstrings are produced at the end of brane inflation due to brane-antibrane annihilation. Apart from the details of brane inflation, he has been working on issues related to the string landscape and quantum cosmology with his collaborators. Alan Guth, in his book The Inflationary Universe, tells the story of how he was led to think about issues that resulted in the original idea of cosmic inflation due to the influence of Henry Tye. At that time they were both postdocs at Cornell University. Tye went to China for six weeks in 1979 during the time that Guth came up with his historic inflation breakthrough. "Had he not gone to China, Henry surely would have been a coauthor on the first inflation paper," Guth said. Earlier on in his career Tye was involved with many important ideas such as the construction of fermionic string models with Kawai and Lewellen (Kawai-Lewellen-Tye), fractional superstrings, grand unified string models, brane world. (en) Henry Tye (de son nom complet Sze-Hoi Henry Tye, en chinois 戴自海 ou 戴自海, né en 1948 à Hong Kong) est un cosmologiste sino-américain et un théoricien de la physique plus particulièrement connu pour avoir proposé que l'attraction et l'annihilation réciproque d'une brane et d'une antibrane sont la cause de l'inflation cosmique et pour ses travaux sur la théorie des supercordes, la cosmologie branaire et la physique des particules. Il a obtenu son diplôme de Bachelor of Science (B.S.) au California Institute of Technology et son doctorat de physique au Massachusetts Institute of Technology sous la houlette de Francis Low. Il occupe actuellement la chaire Horace White de professeur de physique à l'université Cornell, et il est membre de la Société américaine de physique. Il est également récemment devenu directeur de l'Institute for Advanced Study de la Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Institut des études avancées de l'université de Hong-Kong pour la science et la technologie). Avec Georgi (Gia) Dvali, il a suggéré en 1998 l'idée de l'inflation des branes, qui fut ultérieurement intégrée concrètement à la théorie des cordes par Shamit Kachru et ses collaborateurs. Il poursuivit en étudiant de nombreux détails de l'inflation branaire avec son groupe de recherche à Cornell. Il fut responsable du regain d'intérêt pour les cordes cosmiques. Les supercordes cosmiques son produites à la fin de l'inflation branaire du fait de l'annihilation brane-antibrane. Outre les détails de l'inflation branaire, il a travaillé avec ses collaborateurs sur des problèmes en relation avec le domaine des cordes et la cosmologie quantique. Alan Guth, dans son livre The Inflationary Universe (l'Univers inflationnaire), raconte de quelle façon il a été amené à penser les problèmes qui ont eu pour résultat l'idée de l'inflation cosmique, influencé par Henry Tye à l'époque où ils étaient tous deux post-doctorants à l'université Cornell. Plus tôt dans sa carrière, Tye s'est impliqué dans de nombreuses et importantes idées telles que la construction du modèle de cordes fermioniques avec Kawai et Lewellen (Kawai-Lewellen-Tye), les supercordes fractionnelles, les grands modèles unifiés des cordes ou le monde des branes. En 2011, Tye a été nommé directeur du Institute of Advanced Study à la Hong Kong University of Science & Technology. Au préalable, il était titulaire de la chaire Horace White de professeur de physique à l'université Cornell. (fr) |
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| rdfs:comment | Henry Sze-Hoi Tye (chinesisch 戴自海, Pinyin Dài Zìhǎi; * 1948) ist ein amerikanischer theoretischer Physiker und Kosmologe chinesischer Herkunft. Tye ist bekannt für seinen Vorschlag, dass sich eine Brane und eine Antibrane gegenseitig auslöschen und damit die Inflation des Universums vorantreiben. Ferner sind seine Arbeiten in der Superstringtheorie, der Branenkosmologie und der Elementarteilchenphysik in Fachkreisen bekannt. (de) Sze-Hoi Henry Tye (Chinese: 戴自海; born 1947 in Shanghai, China) is a Chinese-American cosmologist and theoretical physicist most notable for proposing that relative brane motion could cause cosmic inflation as well as his work on superstring theory, brane cosmology and elementary particle physics. He had his primary and secondary school education in Hong Kong. Graduated from La Salle College. He received his B.S. from the California Institute of Technology and his Ph.D. in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under Francis Low. He is the Horace White Professor of Physics, Emeritus, at Cornell University and a fellow of the American Physical Society. He joined the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in 2011 and was the Director of HKUST Jockey Club Institute for (en) Henry Tye (de son nom complet Sze-Hoi Henry Tye, en chinois 戴自海 ou 戴自海, né en 1948 à Hong Kong) est un cosmologiste sino-américain et un théoricien de la physique plus particulièrement connu pour avoir proposé que l'attraction et l'annihilation réciproque d'une brane et d'une antibrane sont la cause de l'inflation cosmique et pour ses travaux sur la théorie des supercordes, la cosmologie branaire et la physique des particules. Il a obtenu son diplôme de Bachelor of Science (B.S.) au California Institute of Technology et son doctorat de physique au Massachusetts Institute of Technology sous la houlette de Francis Low. Il occupe actuellement la chaire Horace White de professeur de physique à l'université Cornell, et il est membre de la Société américaine de physique. Il est également récemme (fr) |
| rdfs:label | Henry Tye (de) Henry Tye (en) Henry Tye (fr) |
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