Hujr ibn Adi (original) (raw)

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حجر بن عدي الكندي (مات سنة 51 هـ) هو من أصحاب الإمام علي بن أبي طالب الذين شهِدوا الجمل وصفين معه. ومختلفٌ في كونه صحابياً. يرى بعض العلماء كالحاكم النيسابوري وابن عبد البر أنه من الصحابة ويرى أغلب العلماء كالبخاري وخليفة بن خياط أنه من التابعين. ولا يوجد له رواية عن النبي، سمع من علي بن أبي طالب وعمار.

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dbo:abstract Hujr ibn Adí al-Kindí (àrab: حجر بن عدي الكندي, Ḥujr b. ʿAdī al-Kindī), també conegut senzillament com a Hujr, fou un revolucionari alida. La llegenda diu que fou company del Profeta i que va conquerir Marj Adhrà, a Síria, però sembla no ser cert. Va combatre per Alí ibn Abi-Tàlib a la batalla del Camell (656) i després a la batalla de Siffín (657). Després fou auxiliar de , governador d'Egipte nomenat per Alí (vers 658). Després de la renúncia d'al-Hàssan ibn Alí (661), va viure a Kufa on va participar en diversos complots alides sense que el governador Al-Mughira ibn Xuba (661-670) volgués prendre represàlies i el mateix va fer el nou governador (670-673). Poc després Hujr va convidar a Kufa l'alida Al-Hussayn ibn Alí aprofitant que Ziyad era absent a Bàssora. En saber l'aixecament de Hujr, Ziyad va retornar i va negociar sense resultat, i llavors el va fer detenir amb els principals caps de la revolta. Jutjats, foren enviats a Síria on Muàwiya I va dictar pena de mort, que fou executada a Marj Adhrà, al costat de Damasc, en una data desconeguda a l'entorn del 672. (ca) حجر بن عدي الكندي (مات سنة 51 هـ) هو من أصحاب الإمام علي بن أبي طالب الذين شهِدوا الجمل وصفين معه. ومختلفٌ في كونه صحابياً. يرى بعض العلماء كالحاكم النيسابوري وابن عبد البر أنه من الصحابة ويرى أغلب العلماء كالبخاري وخليفة بن خياط أنه من التابعين. ولا يوجد له رواية عن النبي، سمع من علي بن أبي طالب وعمار. (ar) Abū ʿAbd al-Rahmān Hudschr ibn ʿAdī al-Kindī (arabisch أبو عبد الرحمن حجر بن عدي الكندي, DMG Abū ʿAbd ar-Raḥmān Ḥuǧr ibn ʿAdī al-Kindī, gest. 671 in Mardsch al-ʿAdhrā' bei Damaskus) war ein arabischer Militärführer aus dem Stamm der Kinda, der zu den Kommandanten und bedeutendsten Anhängern des vierten Kalifen ʿAlī ibn Abī Tālib (reg. 656–661) gehörte und nach dessen Tod in Kufa die schiitische Opposition gegen den umaiyadischen Kalifen Muʿāwiya ibn Sufyān (reg. 661–80) anführte. Nachdem er mehrfach gegen die Politik von Muʿāwiyas Gouverneur Ziyād ibn Abī Sufyān protestiert und mit seinen Anhängern dessen Stellvertreter bedroht hatte, wurde er von Ziyād gefangen genommen und an Muʿāwiya ausgeliefert, der ihn zusammen mit fünf seiner Anhänger hinrichten ließ. Der Vorfall rief in den verschiedenen Gebieten des islamischen Reichs große Empörung hervor und gilt bis heute als eine der schwersten Verfehlungen Muʿāwiyas. Die Berichte über Hudschr ibn ʿAdī und die Vorgänge, die zu seiner Hinrichtung führten, nehmen in der islamischen Geschichtsschreibung breiten Raum ein. Hudschr gilt als einer der bedeutendsten schiitischen Märtyrer. Sein Grab in al-ʿAdrā bei Damaskus, das schon seit dem Mittelalter ein regionales Wallfahrtsziel ist und heute vor allem von Schiiten verehrt wird, wurde im Mai 2013 von Kämpfern der Freien Syrischen Armee geschändet. Sie exhumierten seine sterblichen Überreste und brachten sie an einen unbekannten Ort, um eine weitere Verehrung zu verhindern. (de) Ḥujr ibn ʿAdī al-Kindī (Arabic: حُجْر بن عَدِيّ ٱلْكِنْدِيّ), died 660 CE, was a Companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was sentenced to death by the Umayyad Caliph Muawiyah I for his unwavering support and praise for Ali, the fourth Rashidun Caliph for Sunni Muslims and the first Imam for Shia Muslims, when he objected to the tradition of publicly cursing Ali. He belonged to the tribe of Kinda. According to some narrations, his last wish was that his son should be executed before him lest death terrify him (his son) and therefore accede to the condition of cursing Ali. Hujr was given two titles: "al-Kindi" and "al-Adbar". The first title was "al-Kindi", meaning The Person From Kinda, an Arabian tribe. The second title given to Hujr was "al-Adbar". Hujr, his son Humaam ibn Hajar, and some other companions are buried in Adra, in the outskirts of the Syrian capital Damascus. A mosque had been built around his grave which became a pilgrimage site for Muslims. On 2 May 2013, Jabhat al-Nusra attacked the mausoleum and exhumed his remains. His body was taken to an unknown location by the rebels. According to a report published in The New York Times, a widely distributed Facebook photo of the desecration of the pilgrimage site gives credit for the exhumation to a man named Abu Anas al-Wazir, or Abu al-Baraa, a leader of a military group called the Islam Brigade of the Free Syrian Army. (en) Hujr bin 'Adi al-Kindi (bahasa Arab: حجر بن عدي الكندي‎, wafat tahun 660 M) adalah seorang sahabat nabi Muhammad. Dia adalah seorang sahabat setia, pengikut, dan murid dari Imam Ali bin Abi Thalib, yaitu imam pertama dari Dua Belas Imam Syi'ah, (in) Ḥujr ibn ʿAdī, ricordato come Ḥujr al-Khayr (Il buono) (in arabo: حجر بن عدي‎; ... – ...; fl. VII secolo), fu un musulmano attivo nel primo periodo islamico, figlio di ʿAdī al-Adbar (Il dolorante alla schiena), così soprannominato perché era stato pugnalato dopo aver voltato la schiena al nemico. Le autorità tradizionistiche più rappresentative contestano la sua appartenenza alla categoria dei Sahaba e non credono alla conquista a lui ascritta del distretto di Marj ʿAdhrāʾ, in Siria. Sostenitore convinto di ʿAlī b. Abī Tālib, Ḥujr combatté per lui nella Battaglia del Cammello e a Siffīn, dopodiché fu in Egitto con Muhammad b. Abī Bakr, governatore della provincia per conto di ʿAlī. Dopo la rinuncia al califfato da parte di al-Hasan b. ʿAlī, Ḥujr diventò l'anima di tutti gli intrighi alidi a Kūfa, ma il governatore al-Mughīra b. Shuʿba non volle ricorrere a misure drastiche per porre fine alla sua condotta. Al-Mughīra governò Kūfa per sette anni e venne considerato come il miglior governatore della città, malgrado il biasimo nei confronti di ʿAlī e la richiesta che si vendicasse l'omicidio del califfo ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān.Quando Ḥujr b. ʿAdī sentì ciò, gli disse: “Possa invece Dio rimproverarti e maledirti”. Il successore di al-Mughīra, Ziyād, apparentemente riuscì a placarlo ma Ḥujr non mancò di esprimere comunque i suoi forti sentimenti alidi, specialmente quando invitò al-Husayn b. ʿAlī a diventare la guida dei suoi seguaci a Kūfa. Nell'anno 42 dell'Egira Ziyād chiese e ottenne a Muʿāwiya il permesso di stabilirsi a Kūfa. Ḥujr, che aveva attaccato al-Mughīra e Ziyād quando avevano insultato ʿAlī, durante l'assenza di Ziyād - che era partito per Basra - cercò di ordire un moto insurrezionale. Ziyād tornò indietro precipitosamente e tentò di sistemare l'affare in modo pacifico ma quando le negoziazioni fallirono, fece arrestare Ḥujr insieme agli esponenti della fazione alide più compromessi. Il processo fu istruito e una imputazione venne preparata e firmata dagli uomini più importanti di Kūfa, dopodiché Ḥujr e i suoi compagni vennero portati da Muʿāwiya a Damasco. Qui il califfo omayyade organizzò un nuovo processo e chiese il parere dei locali capi politici (che erano allineati al volere del califfo) e fu sentenziata a carico di Ḥujr la pena capitale, a Marj ʿAdhrāʾ, presso la capitale siriana, nell'anno 51 dell'Egira. La sua tomba è tuttora costituita da una piccola costruzione che gli abitanti del luogo chiamano Shaykh ʿUdi. La sua morte inaugurò di fatto il martirologio sciita. Sette compagni vennero uccisi, assieme a Ḥujr: Sharīk b. Shaddād al-Haḍramī, Sayfī b. Fasīl al-Shaybānī, Qabīsa b. Dubayʿa al-ʿAbsī, Muhriz b. Shihāb al-Saʿdī, al-Minqarī, Kidām b. Hayyān al-ʿAnazī e ʿAbd al-Rahmān b. Hassān al-ʿAnazī. (it) Ху́джр ибн Ади́ аль-Кинди́ (араб. حُجْر بن عَدِيّ ٱلْكِنْدِيّ‎) — сподвижник пророка Мухаммеда. Был приговорён к смертной казни Омейядским халифом Муавией I за его непоколебимую поддержку и восхваление Али, четвёртого Праведного халифа для мусульман-суннитов и первого имама для мусульман-шиитов, когда он возражал против традиции публично проклинать Али. (ru)
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rdfs:comment حجر بن عدي الكندي (مات سنة 51 هـ) هو من أصحاب الإمام علي بن أبي طالب الذين شهِدوا الجمل وصفين معه. ومختلفٌ في كونه صحابياً. يرى بعض العلماء كالحاكم النيسابوري وابن عبد البر أنه من الصحابة ويرى أغلب العلماء كالبخاري وخليفة بن خياط أنه من التابعين. ولا يوجد له رواية عن النبي، سمع من علي بن أبي طالب وعمار. (ar) Hujr bin 'Adi al-Kindi (bahasa Arab: حجر بن عدي الكندي‎, wafat tahun 660 M) adalah seorang sahabat nabi Muhammad. Dia adalah seorang sahabat setia, pengikut, dan murid dari Imam Ali bin Abi Thalib, yaitu imam pertama dari Dua Belas Imam Syi'ah, (in) Ху́джр ибн Ади́ аль-Кинди́ (араб. حُجْر بن عَدِيّ ٱلْكِنْدِيّ‎) — сподвижник пророка Мухаммеда. Был приговорён к смертной казни Омейядским халифом Муавией I за его непоколебимую поддержку и восхваление Али, четвёртого Праведного халифа для мусульман-суннитов и первого имама для мусульман-шиитов, когда он возражал против традиции публично проклинать Али. (ru) Hujr ibn Adí al-Kindí (àrab: حجر بن عدي الكندي, Ḥujr b. ʿAdī al-Kindī), també conegut senzillament com a Hujr, fou un revolucionari alida. La llegenda diu que fou company del Profeta i que va conquerir Marj Adhrà, a Síria, però sembla no ser cert. Va combatre per Alí ibn Abi-Tàlib a la batalla del Camell (656) i després a la batalla de Siffín (657). Després fou auxiliar de , governador d'Egipte nomenat per Alí (vers 658). (ca) Ḥujr ibn ʿAdī al-Kindī (Arabic: حُجْر بن عَدِيّ ٱلْكِنْدِيّ), died 660 CE, was a Companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was sentenced to death by the Umayyad Caliph Muawiyah I for his unwavering support and praise for Ali, the fourth Rashidun Caliph for Sunni Muslims and the first Imam for Shia Muslims, when he objected to the tradition of publicly cursing Ali. He belonged to the tribe of Kinda. According to some narrations, his last wish was that his son should be executed before him lest death terrify him (his son) and therefore accede to the condition of cursing Ali. (en) Abū ʿAbd al-Rahmān Hudschr ibn ʿAdī al-Kindī (arabisch أبو عبد الرحمن حجر بن عدي الكندي, DMG Abū ʿAbd ar-Raḥmān Ḥuǧr ibn ʿAdī al-Kindī, gest. 671 in Mardsch al-ʿAdhrā' bei Damaskus) war ein arabischer Militärführer aus dem Stamm der Kinda, der zu den Kommandanten und bedeutendsten Anhängern des vierten Kalifen ʿAlī ibn Abī Tālib (reg. 656–661) gehörte und nach dessen Tod in Kufa die schiitische Opposition gegen den umaiyadischen Kalifen Muʿāwiya ibn Sufyān (reg. 661–80) anführte. Nachdem er mehrfach gegen die Politik von Muʿāwiyas Gouverneur Ziyād ibn Abī Sufyān protestiert und mit seinen Anhängern dessen Stellvertreter bedroht hatte, wurde er von Ziyād gefangen genommen und an Muʿāwiya ausgeliefert, der ihn zusammen mit fünf seiner Anhänger hinrichten ließ. Der Vorfall rief in den verschi (de) Ḥujr ibn ʿAdī, ricordato come Ḥujr al-Khayr (Il buono) (in arabo: حجر بن عدي‎; ... – ...; fl. VII secolo), fu un musulmano attivo nel primo periodo islamico, figlio di ʿAdī al-Adbar (Il dolorante alla schiena), così soprannominato perché era stato pugnalato dopo aver voltato la schiena al nemico. La sua tomba è tuttora costituita da una piccola costruzione che gli abitanti del luogo chiamano Shaykh ʿUdi. La sua morte inaugurò di fatto il martirologio sciita. (it)
rdfs:label حجر بن عدي (ar) Hujr ibn Adí al-Kindí (ca) Hujr ibn Adi (en) Hudschr ibn ʿAdī (de) Hujr bin Adi (in) Hujr ibn 'Adi (it) Худжр ибн Ади (ru)
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