Iron cycle (original) (raw)
في علم البيئة أو علوم الأرض (العلوم الجيولوجية)، دورة الحديد (Fe) هي الدورة الحيوية الجيولوجية الكيميائية (البيوجيوكيميائية) للحديد خلال التضاريس الأرضية (شكل الأرض)، والغلاف الجوي، والمحيطات. كما أن دورة الحديد تؤثر على ترسب الغبار والتوافر الحيوي (أو البيولوجي) للحديد في الهباء الجوي أو الضبوب.
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| dbo:abstract | في علم البيئة أو علوم الأرض (العلوم الجيولوجية)، دورة الحديد (Fe) هي الدورة الحيوية الجيولوجية الكيميائية (البيوجيوكيميائية) للحديد خلال التضاريس الأرضية (شكل الأرض)، والغلاف الجوي، والمحيطات. كما أن دورة الحديد تؤثر على ترسب الغبار والتوافر الحيوي (أو البيولوجي) للحديد في الهباء الجوي أو الضبوب. (ar) The iron cycle (Fe) is the biogeochemical cycle of iron through the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and lithosphere. While Fe is highly abundant in the Earth's crust, it is less common in oxygenated surface waters. Iron is a key micronutrient in primary productivity, and a limiting nutrient in the Southern ocean, eastern equatorial Pacific, and the subarctic Pacific referred to as High-Nutrient, Low-Chlorophyll (HNLC) regions of the ocean. Iron exists in a range of oxidation states from -2 to +7; however, on Earth it is predominantly in its +2 or +3 redox state and is a primary redox-active metal on Earth. The cycling of iron between its +2 and +3 oxidation states is referred to as the iron cycle. This process can be entirely abiotic or facilitated by microorganisms, especially iron-oxidizing bacteria. The abiotic processes include the rusting of iron-bearing metals, where Fe2+ is abiotically oxidized to Fe3+ in the presence of oxygen, and the reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ by iron-sulfide minerals. The biological cycling of Fe2+ is done by iron oxidizing and reducing microbes. Iron is an essential micronutrient for almost every life form. It is a key component of hemoglobin, important to nitrogen fixation as part of the Nitrogenase enzyme family, and as part of the iron-sulfur core of ferredoxin it facilitates electron transport in chloroplasts, eukaryotic mitochondria, and bacteria. Due to the high reactivity of Fe2+ with oxygen and low solubility of Fe3+, iron is a limiting nutrient in most regions of the world. (en) Le cycle du fer (Fe) est le cycle biogéochimique du fer à travers l'atmosphère, l'hydrosphère, la biosphère et la lithosphère. Alors que le fer est très abondant dans la croûte terrestre, il est moins courant dans les eaux de surface oxygénées. Le fer est un micronutriment essentiel à la productivité primaire et un nutriment limitant dans l'océan Austral, le Pacifique équatorial oriental et le Pacifique subarctique. Ces régions océaniques sont dites à haute teneur en nutriments et à faible teneur en chlorophylle (HNLC). Le fer existe sous plusieurs forme de degré d'oxydation allant de -2 à +7 ; cependant, il est principalement présent sous forme +2 ou +3 sur Terre et est un métal redox primaire actif. Le cycle du fer entre ses degrés d'oxydation +2 et +3 est appelé cycle du fer. Ce processus peut être entièrement abiotique ou facilité par des microorganismes, notamment des bactéries oxydant le fer. Les processus abiotiques comprennent la rouille des métaux ferreux, où Fe2+ est oxydé abiotiquement en Fe3+ en présence d'oxygène, et la réduction de Fe3+ en Fe2+ par des minéraux sulfurés de fer. Le cycle biologique du Fe2+ se fait par oxydation du fer et réduction des microbes. (fr) |
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| rdfs:comment | في علم البيئة أو علوم الأرض (العلوم الجيولوجية)، دورة الحديد (Fe) هي الدورة الحيوية الجيولوجية الكيميائية (البيوجيوكيميائية) للحديد خلال التضاريس الأرضية (شكل الأرض)، والغلاف الجوي، والمحيطات. كما أن دورة الحديد تؤثر على ترسب الغبار والتوافر الحيوي (أو البيولوجي) للحديد في الهباء الجوي أو الضبوب. (ar) The iron cycle (Fe) is the biogeochemical cycle of iron through the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and lithosphere. While Fe is highly abundant in the Earth's crust, it is less common in oxygenated surface waters. Iron is a key micronutrient in primary productivity, and a limiting nutrient in the Southern ocean, eastern equatorial Pacific, and the subarctic Pacific referred to as High-Nutrient, Low-Chlorophyll (HNLC) regions of the ocean. (en) Le cycle du fer (Fe) est le cycle biogéochimique du fer à travers l'atmosphère, l'hydrosphère, la biosphère et la lithosphère. Alors que le fer est très abondant dans la croûte terrestre, il est moins courant dans les eaux de surface oxygénées. Le fer est un micronutriment essentiel à la productivité primaire et un nutriment limitant dans l'océan Austral, le Pacifique équatorial oriental et le Pacifique subarctique. Ces régions océaniques sont dites à haute teneur en nutriments et à faible teneur en chlorophylle (HNLC). (fr) |
| rdfs:label | دورة الحديد (ar) Cycle du fer (fr) Iron cycle (en) |
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