Jamestown Line (original) (raw)
The Jamestown Line was a series of defensive positions occupied by United Nations forces in the Korean War. Following the end of the 1951 Chinese Spring Offensive and the UN May-June 1951 counteroffensive, the war largely became one of attrition and trench warfare, fought along static defensive lines reminiscent of the First World War. As a consequence, major UN ground operations from late spring—under the direction of Lieutenant General Matthew Ridgway—were primarily conducted to recapture or establish durable defensive lines, including the Wyoming, Missouri, Kansas and Jamestown Lines. The Jamestown Line stretched from the Imjin River near Munsan-ni then arched northeast 35 miles (56 km) in the strategically important sector of front from the Kimpo peninsula on the Yellow Sea coast to a
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| dbo:abstract | The Jamestown Line was a series of defensive positions occupied by United Nations forces in the Korean War. Following the end of the 1951 Chinese Spring Offensive and the UN May-June 1951 counteroffensive, the war largely became one of attrition and trench warfare, fought along static defensive lines reminiscent of the First World War. As a consequence, major UN ground operations from late spring—under the direction of Lieutenant General Matthew Ridgway—were primarily conducted to recapture or establish durable defensive lines, including the Wyoming, Missouri, Kansas and Jamestown Lines. The Jamestown Line stretched from the Imjin River near Munsan-ni then arched northeast 35 miles (56 km) in the strategically important sector of front from the Kimpo peninsula on the Yellow Sea coast to a point east of Kumhwa. The line was subsequently established during the UN counteroffensive between May and November 1951, just north of the 38th Parallel (38°N) during Operation Commando (1951). Held by the US I Corps, this sector was just 30 miles (48 km) from the South Korean capital, Seoul. Five UN divisions of I Corps were used in its capture, including the US 1st Cavalry Division, the US 3rd and 25th Infantry Divisions, the South Korean 1st Division and the 1st Commonwealth Division. The Jamestown Line was fought over almost continuously until the armistice on 27 July 1953; due to its strategic position, it was the scene of much heavy fighting, including the Battle of the Samichon River just hours before the armistice agreement, which ended the war. (en) La ligne Jamestown était une série de positions défensives occupées par les forces des Nations unies pendant la guerre de Corée. À la suite de la fin de l'offensive chinoise du printemps 1951, la guerre est devenue une guerre d'usure et de tranchées, combattue le long de lignes de défenses fixes rappelant celles de la Première Guerre mondiale. En conséquence, les principales opérations terrestres de l'ONU – dirigées par le lieutenant général Matthew Ridgway – ont été menées dans le but de reprendre ou d'établir des lignes de défenses durbales, avec notamment les lignes Wyoming, Missouri, Kansas et Jamestown. La ligne Jamestown s'étend de la rivière Imjin à côté de Munsan-ni, puis se courbe de 56 km vers le nord-est dans le secteur d'importance stratégique faisant face à la péninsule de Kimpo sur la côte de la mer Jaune à l'est de Kumhwa. Par la suite, la ligne a été établie, pendant la contre-offensive des Nations unies de mai à novembre 1951, juste au nord du 38e parallèle au cours de l'opération Commando. Tenu par le premier corps d'armée américain, ce secteur était à seulement 48 km de la capitale de la Corée du Sud, Séoul. Cinq divisions de l'ONU du premier corps d'armée ont été mobilisées pour sa capture avec notamment la 1re division de cavalerie, la 3e division d'infanterie, 25e division d'infanterie, la 1re division d'infanterie sud-coréenne et la 1re Division du Commonwealth. La ligne Jamestown a été l'objet de combat continuels jusqu'à l'armistice du 27 juillet 1953. À cause de sa position stratégique elle a été la scène de lourds combats, notamment la bataille de la rivière Samichon qui a eu lieu quelques heures avant la signature de l'accord d'Armistice qui a mis fin à la guerre. (fr) 제임스타운선(영어: Jamestown Line)은 한국 전쟁이 이루어지던 당시 유엔군이 점령하였던 일련의 방어 진지를 일컫는 말이다. 1951년, 중공군이 춘계 공세를 펼쳤고, 이에 유엔군이 1951년 5월에서 6월 동안 역공을 시작하였다. 이로 인해 전쟁은 방어선을 따라 지속적으로 소모전과 참호전을 사용하면서 제1차 세계 대전을 연상시키는 그림을 만들어내었다. 그 결과 늦은 봄부터 중장 매슈 리지웨이의 지휘 아래에서 유엔의 주요 지상 작전은 주로 와이오밍 선, 미주리 선, 캔자스 선, 제임스타운 선 등 오래 버틸 수 있는 라인을 탈환하거나 구축하는 등의 작전을 실행하였다. 제임스타운 선은 문산읍 문산리 근처의 임진강서부터 뻗었으며, 서해안의 김포반도에서 금화 동쪽 지점까지 전략전으로 중요했던 전선에서 북동쪽으로 56 km 정도 떨어진 곳으로 지정되었다. 이 선은 이후 1951년 5월부터 11월까지 유엔의 반격으로 인해 생겨났는데, 코만도 작전 동안 38선 바로 북쪽에 있었기 때문이다. 미국의 제1군단이 만들어낸 이 지역은 한국의 수도였던 서울에서 불과 48 km밖에 떨어지지 않은 곳이었다. 제1보병사단과 영연방의 제1사단, 미국의 제1기병사단, 제3기병사단, 제25기병사단까지 유엔군의 5개 사단이 동원되었던 코만도 작전은 임진강과 연천군의 부분의 제임스타운 선을 점령하는 것이었다. 이후 제임스타운 선은 1953년 7월 27일 한국전쟁 정전협정문으로 휴전이 이루어질 때까지 사미천 전투를 포함해 거의 끊기지 않고, 지속적으로 전투가 진행되었다. (ko) |
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| rdfs:comment | The Jamestown Line was a series of defensive positions occupied by United Nations forces in the Korean War. Following the end of the 1951 Chinese Spring Offensive and the UN May-June 1951 counteroffensive, the war largely became one of attrition and trench warfare, fought along static defensive lines reminiscent of the First World War. As a consequence, major UN ground operations from late spring—under the direction of Lieutenant General Matthew Ridgway—were primarily conducted to recapture or establish durable defensive lines, including the Wyoming, Missouri, Kansas and Jamestown Lines. The Jamestown Line stretched from the Imjin River near Munsan-ni then arched northeast 35 miles (56 km) in the strategically important sector of front from the Kimpo peninsula on the Yellow Sea coast to a (en) La ligne Jamestown était une série de positions défensives occupées par les forces des Nations unies pendant la guerre de Corée. À la suite de la fin de l'offensive chinoise du printemps 1951, la guerre est devenue une guerre d'usure et de tranchées, combattue le long de lignes de défenses fixes rappelant celles de la Première Guerre mondiale. En conséquence, les principales opérations terrestres de l'ONU – dirigées par le lieutenant général Matthew Ridgway – ont été menées dans le but de reprendre ou d'établir des lignes de défenses durbales, avec notamment les lignes Wyoming, Missouri, Kansas et Jamestown. La ligne Jamestown s'étend de la rivière Imjin à côté de Munsan-ni, puis se courbe de 56 km vers le nord-est dans le secteur d'importance stratégique faisant face à la péninsule de Kim (fr) 제임스타운선(영어: Jamestown Line)은 한국 전쟁이 이루어지던 당시 유엔군이 점령하였던 일련의 방어 진지를 일컫는 말이다. 1951년, 중공군이 춘계 공세를 펼쳤고, 이에 유엔군이 1951년 5월에서 6월 동안 역공을 시작하였다. 이로 인해 전쟁은 방어선을 따라 지속적으로 소모전과 참호전을 사용하면서 제1차 세계 대전을 연상시키는 그림을 만들어내었다. 그 결과 늦은 봄부터 중장 매슈 리지웨이의 지휘 아래에서 유엔의 주요 지상 작전은 주로 와이오밍 선, 미주리 선, 캔자스 선, 제임스타운 선 등 오래 버틸 수 있는 라인을 탈환하거나 구축하는 등의 작전을 실행하였다. 제임스타운 선은 문산읍 문산리 근처의 임진강서부터 뻗었으며, 서해안의 김포반도에서 금화 동쪽 지점까지 전략전으로 중요했던 전선에서 북동쪽으로 56 km 정도 떨어진 곳으로 지정되었다. (ko) |
| rdfs:label | Ligne Jamestown (fr) Jamestown Line (en) 제임스타운선 (ko) |
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