Joseph Ritt (original) (raw)
Joseph Fels Ritt (Nova York, 23 d'agost de 1893 - Nova York, 5 de gener de 1951) va ser un matemàtic nord-americà.
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| dbo:abstract | Joseph Fels Ritt (Nova York, 23 d'agost de 1893 - Nova York, 5 de gener de 1951) va ser un matemàtic nord-americà. (ca) Joseph Fels Ritt (* 23. August 1893 in New York City; † 5. Januar 1951 ebenda) war ein US-amerikanischer Mathematiker. Ritt studierte ab 1908 am City College of New York, wobei er mehrere Mathematik-Preise gewann. Da er Geld verdienen musste, arbeitete er ab 1910 am Naval Observatory in Washington, D.C., studierte aber gleichzeitig weiter an der George Washington University (Bachelor-Abschluss 1913). Danach setzte er sein Studium mit einem Stipendium an der Columbia University fort, wo er 1917 bei Edward Kasner promovierte und er arbeitete danach im Ersten Weltkrieg als Rechner für die Regierung. 1921 wurde er dort Assistant Professor, 1927 Associate Professor und 1931 Professor an der Columbia University, ab 1945 als Davies Professor of Mathematics. 1942 bis 1945 war er Vorstand der Mathematischen Fakultät. Unabhängig von Fatou und Julia erzielte Ritt viele von deren Ergebnissen über die Iteration rationaler Funktionen.Ein anderer wichtiger Satz von ihm betrifft die Eindeutigkeit der Faktorisierung von Polynomen unter Komposition. Der größte und wohl auch wichtigste Teil seines Werks betrifft aber die algebraische Theorie der Differentialgleichungen, über die er auch zwei Bücher schrieb (Differential equations from an algebraic standpoint und Differential Algebra).1948 erschien sein Buch Integration in Finite Terms über die Integration der elementaren Funktionen (in Anschluss an Joseph Liouville). Die Suche nach allgemeinen Algorithmen stellte sich dabei als relativ schwieriges Problem heraus und wurde erst 1968 von Robert Risch gelöst. Später beschäftigte sich Ritt auch mit Anwendungen von Lie-Gruppen in der Theorie der Differentialgleichungen. 1950 hielt er einen Plenarvortrag auf dem Internationalen Mathematikerkongress (ICM) in Cambridge (Massachusetts) (Differential Groups). 1932 war er Colloquium Lecturer der American Mathematical Society, deren Vizepräsident er 1938 bis 1940 war. Er war seit 1933 Mitglied der National Academy of Sciences. Zu seinen Doktoranden zählt Ellis Kolchin. Ihm zu Ehren bietet seit 1960 die Mathematische Fakultät der Columbia University Post-Doktoranden zeitlich befristete Stellen als „Joseph F. Ritt Assistant Professor“ bzw. Instructor an. (de) Joseph Fels Ritt (August 23, 1893 – January 5, 1951) was an American mathematician at Columbia University in the early 20th century. He was born and died in New York. After beginning his undergraduate studies at City College of New York, Ritt received his B.A. from George Washington University in 1913. He then earned a doctorate in mathematics from Columbia University in 1917 under the supervision of Edward Kasner. After doing calculations for the war effort in World War I, he joined the Columbia faculty in 1921. He served as department chair from 1942 to 1945, and in 1945 became the Davies Professor of Mathematics. In 1932, George Washington University honored him with a Doctorate in Science, and in 1933 he was elected to join the United States National Academy of Sciences. He has 463 academic descendants listed in the Mathematics Genealogy Project, mostly through his student Ellis Kolchin. Ritt was an Invited Speaker with talk Elementary functions and their inverses at the ICM in 1924 in Toronto and a Plenary Speaker at the ICM in 1950 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Ritt founded differential algebra theory, which was subsequently much developed by him and his student Ellis Kolchin. He is known for his work on characterizing the indefinite integrals that can be solved in closed form, for his work on the theory of ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations, for beginning the study of differential algebraic groups, and for the method of characteristic sets used in the solution of systems of polynomial equations. Despite his great achievements, he was never awarded any prize for his work, a fact which he resented, as he felt he was underappreciated. He once composed the following epitaph for himself: Here at your feet J. F. Ritt lies;He never won the Bôcher prize. (en) Joseph Fels Ritt (né le 23 août 1893 à New York où il est mort le 5 janvier 1951) est un mathématicien américain. (fr) Джо́зеф Фелс Ритт (англ. Joseph Fels Ritt, 1893—1951) — американский математик, профессор Колумбийского университета. Тематика трудов: общая алгебра, дифференциальные уравнения, функциональный анализ. Основатель дифференциальной алгебры (1950). Член Национальной академии наук США (1933). Член Американского математического общества (с 1932 года, вице-президент общества в период 1938—1940). Член редколлегии журнала «American Journal of Mathematics» (1936—1940). (ru) Joseph Fels Ritt (Nova Iorque, 23 de agosto de 1893 – Nova Iorque, 5 de janeiro de 1951) foi um matemático estadunidense. Foi palestrante convidado do Congresso Internacional de Matemáticos (ICM) em Toronto (1924: Elementary functions and their inverses) e palestrante plenário no ICM em Cambridge (1950). Ritt fundou a teoria da álgebra diferencial, que foi subsequentemente desenvolvida por ele e seu aluno Ellis Kolchin. É conhecido por seu trabalho sobre a caracterização de integrais indefinidas que podem ser resolvidas de forma fechada, por seu trabalho sobre a teoria de equações diferenciais ordinárias e equações diferenciais parciais, por iniciar os estudos de , e pelo método de conjuntos característicos usado na solução de sistemas de equações polinomiais. (pt) 约瑟夫·菲尔兹·里特（Joseph Fels Ritt，1893年8月23日－1951年1月5日）是一名20世纪初期的美国数学家。他曾在哥伦比亚大学任教，是微分代数理论的创始人。令他耿耿于怀的是他在有生之年并未获得过重大奖项。 (zh) |
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| rdfs:comment | Joseph Fels Ritt (Nova York, 23 d'agost de 1893 - Nova York, 5 de gener de 1951) va ser un matemàtic nord-americà. (ca) Joseph Fels Ritt (né le 23 août 1893 à New York où il est mort le 5 janvier 1951) est un mathématicien américain. (fr) Джо́зеф Фелс Ритт (англ. Joseph Fels Ritt, 1893—1951) — американский математик, профессор Колумбийского университета. Тематика трудов: общая алгебра, дифференциальные уравнения, функциональный анализ. Основатель дифференциальной алгебры (1950). Член Национальной академии наук США (1933). Член Американского математического общества (с 1932 года, вице-президент общества в период 1938—1940). Член редколлегии журнала «American Journal of Mathematics» (1936—1940). (ru) 约瑟夫·菲尔兹·里特（Joseph Fels Ritt，1893年8月23日－1951年1月5日）是一名20世纪初期的美国数学家。他曾在哥伦比亚大学任教，是微分代数理论的创始人。令他耿耿于怀的是他在有生之年并未获得过重大奖项。 (zh) Joseph Fels Ritt (* 23. August 1893 in New York City; † 5. Januar 1951 ebenda) war ein US-amerikanischer Mathematiker. Ritt studierte ab 1908 am City College of New York, wobei er mehrere Mathematik-Preise gewann. Da er Geld verdienen musste, arbeitete er ab 1910 am Naval Observatory in Washington, D.C., studierte aber gleichzeitig weiter an der George Washington University (Bachelor-Abschluss 1913). Danach setzte er sein Studium mit einem Stipendium an der Columbia University fort, wo er 1917 bei Edward Kasner promovierte und er arbeitete danach im Ersten Weltkrieg als Rechner für die Regierung. 1921 wurde er dort Assistant Professor, 1927 Associate Professor und 1931 Professor an der Columbia University, ab 1945 als Davies Professor of Mathematics. 1942 bis 1945 war er Vorstand der Mathe (de) Joseph Fels Ritt (August 23, 1893 – January 5, 1951) was an American mathematician at Columbia University in the early 20th century. He was born and died in New York. After beginning his undergraduate studies at City College of New York, Ritt received his B.A. from George Washington University in 1913. He then earned a doctorate in mathematics from Columbia University in 1917 under the supervision of Edward Kasner. After doing calculations for the war effort in World War I, he joined the Columbia faculty in 1921. He served as department chair from 1942 to 1945, and in 1945 became the Davies Professor of Mathematics. In 1932, George Washington University honored him with a Doctorate in Science, and in 1933 he was elected to join the United States National Academy of Sciences. He has 463 aca (en) Joseph Fels Ritt (Nova Iorque, 23 de agosto de 1893 – Nova Iorque, 5 de janeiro de 1951) foi um matemático estadunidense. Foi palestrante convidado do Congresso Internacional de Matemáticos (ICM) em Toronto (1924: Elementary functions and their inverses) e palestrante plenário no ICM em Cambridge (1950). Ritt fundou a teoria da álgebra diferencial, que foi subsequentemente desenvolvida por ele e seu aluno Ellis Kolchin. (pt) |
| rdfs:label | Joseph Fels Ritt (ca) Joseph Ritt (de) Joseph Ritt (fr) Joseph Ritt (en) Joseph Ritt (pt) Ритт, Джозеф (ru) 约瑟夫·里特 (zh) |
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