انطلق كثير من الفلاسفة المسلمين في مجال الفلسفة منهم من استمد من نصوص الإسلام، فدعا القرآن على استخدام العقل للتزود بالمعرفة فذكر في القرآن: أفلا تعقلون، أفلا تتفكرون، لقوم يعقلون..، وذكر الكندي «"إنها علم الأشياء بحقائقها بقدر طاقة الإنسان؛ لأن غرض الفيلسوف في علمه إصابة الحق، وفي عمله العمل بالحق"». (ar)
Jen listo de islamaj filozofoj laŭ kronologia ordo * Al-Kindi * Al-Farabi * Al-Maari * Aviceno * Algazelo * Ibn Tufajl * Sohraŭardi * Ibn Arabi * Ibn Ruŝd (ankaŭ konata kiel Averroës) * Ĝalal-ed-din Mohammad Rumi * Ibn Ĥaldun * Ĝamal al-Din al-Afghani * Muhammad Ikbal (eo)
Muslim philosophers both profess Islam and engage in a style of philosophy situated within the structure of the Arabic language and Islam, though not necessarily concerned with religious issues. The sayings of the companions of Muhammad contained little philosophical discussion. In the eighth century, extensive contact with the Byzantine Empire led to a drive to translate philosophical works of Ancient Greek Philosophy (especially the texts of Aristotle) into Arabic. The ninth-century Al-Kindi is considered the founder of Islamic peripatetic philosophy (800–1200). The tenth century philosopher al-Farabi contributed significantly to the introduction of Greek and Roman philosophical works into Muslim philosophical discourse and established many of the themes that would occupy Islamic philosophy for the next centuries; in his broad-ranging work, his work on logic stands out particularly. In the eleventh century, Ibn Sina, one of the greatest Muslim philosophers ever, developed his own unique school of philosophy known as Avicennism which had strong Aristotelian and Neoplatonist roots. Al-Ghazali, a famous Muslim philosopher and theologian, took the approach to resolving apparent contradictions between reason and revelation. He understood the importance of philosophy and developed a complex response that rejected and condemned some of its teachings, while it also allowed him to accept and apply others. It was al-Ghazali's acceptance of demonstration (apodeixis) that led to a much more refined and precise discourse on epistemology and a flowering of Aristotelian logic and metaphysics in Muslim theological circles. Averroes, the last notable Muslim peripatetic philosopher, defended the use of Aristotelian philosophy against this charge; his extensive works include noteworthy commentaries on Aristotle. In the twelfth century, the philosophy of illumination was founded by Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi. Although philosophy in its traditional Aristotelian form fell out of favor in much of the Arab world after the twelfth century, forms of mystical philosophy became more prominent. After Averroes, a vivid peripatetic philosophical school persisted in the eastern Muslim world during the Safavid Empire which scholars have termed as the School of Isfahan. It was founded by the Shia philosopher Mir Damad and developed further by Mulla Sadra and others.(This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.) (en)
Dit is een lijst van islamitische filosofen. * Al-Kindi كندي * Al-Razi * Al-Farabi فارابي * ابن مسره * عامري * ابن مسكوويه * Ibn al-Haytham * * ابن سينا * Al-Ghazali غزالي * * Imran N. Hosein عمران نزار حسين * * ابن طفيل * ابن رشد * جوادی آملی * ابن سبعين * خواجه نصيرالدين توسي * * Ibn Khaldun ابن خلدون * عين القضات همداني * شهاب الدين سهروردي * Ibn Arabi ابن عربي * * ميرداماد * Sadr al-Din al-Shirazi (Mulla Sadra) ملاصدرا * شاه ولي الله * علامه محمد اقباا * السيد محمد باقر الصدر * علامه طباطبایی * اخوان الصفا * ابحرى * ابن سبعين * كاتب قزوينى * رشيدالدين فضل الله * قطب الدين رازى * فخرالدين رازى * ايجى * تفتازانى * جرجانى * زكرياى قزوينى * شمس الدين محمد آملى * Ibn Khaldun ابن خلدون * روزبهان بلقى شيرازى * عطار نيشابورى * عمر سهروردى * Ibn Arabi ابن عربى * نجم الدين كبرى * سمنانى * على همدانى * Jalal ad-Din Rumi مولانا * محمود شبسترى * شمس الدين لاهيجى * عبدالكريم جيلى * نعمت الله ولى كرمانى * & حروفى و بكتاشى * جامى * حسين كاشفى * عبدالغنى نابلسى * نورعلى شاه * Nasir al-Din Tusi خواجه نصيرالدين توسي * شهاب الدين سهروردى و مكتب اشراق * جلدكى * * صدرالدين دشتكى و مكتب شيراز * * ميرداماد و مكتب اصفهان * ميرفندرسكى * Mulla Sadra ملاصدرا و حكمت متعاليه * رجب على تبريزى * قاضى سعيد قمى * مكتب تهران و قم * مكتب خراسان * * سيد .طفر الحسن * * * * ریاض احمدگوھرشاہی * * Ruhollah Khomeini * (nl)