| dbo:abstract |
The murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) is an in vivo test for . LLNA has largely superseded the guinea pig maximisation test and the Buehler test. It is considered more scientific and less cruel (lower number of animals; less suffering) and has found broad scientific and regulatory acceptance. The principle underlying the LLNA is that skin sensitizers induce growth of lymphocytes in the lymph nodes draining the site of application. Lymphocyte proliferation can be measured by radiolabeling (quantifying tritiaded thymidine), bioluminescence (quantifying ATP content in lymphocytes) or immunoassay (ELISA utilizing an antibody specific for BrdU). The test material is applied to the ears of mice. Optionally, a tracer substance such as 3H-Methyl-thymidine or BrdU is injected intraperitoneally for lymphocyte incorporation. The animals are euthanized and their lymph node cells are removed and analyzed. The ratio of tracer incorporation in lymph nodes from dosed animals is compared to control animals, giving a stimulation index (SI). When the stimulation index exceeds 3 (SI > 3), a relevant sensitizing potential is assumed. In contrast to the classical guinea pig tests, the LLNA provides a quantitative measurement of sensitizing potency of a tested chemical. The LLNA may not be appropriate for certain metallic compounds, surfactants, high-molecular-weight proteins, strong dermal irritants, and materials that do not sufficiently adhere to the ear for an acceptable period of time during treatment. There is no absolute conformity in the sensitizing potential of a substance in mouse, guinea pig and human. (en) |
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dbr:ELISA dbr:In_vivo dbr:OECD_Guidelines_for_the_Testing_of_Chemicals dbr:Murine dbr:Antibody dbr:Lymph_nodes dbr:Lymphocytes dbr:Thymidine dbr:Adenosine_triphosphate dbc:Allergology dbr:Cell_proliferation dbc:Toxicology dbr:Bioluminescence dbr:Guinea_pig_maximisation_test dbr:Buehler_test dbr:Radiolabeling dbr:Immunoassay dbr:Mouse_ear_swelling_test dbr:BrdU dbr:REACH_Regulation dbr:Skin_sensitisation |
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dbt:Short_description |
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| rdfs:comment |
The murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) is an in vivo test for . LLNA has largely superseded the guinea pig maximisation test and the Buehler test. It is considered more scientific and less cruel (lower number of animals; less suffering) and has found broad scientific and regulatory acceptance. (en) |
| rdfs:label |
Local lymph node assay (en) |
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freebase:Local lymph node assay wikidata:Local lymph node assay https://global.dbpedia.org/id/4rAnP |
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wikipedia-en:Local_lymph_node_assay?oldid=1089405648&ns=0 |
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dbr:List_of_MeSH_codes_(E01) dbr:Tetramethyl_acetyloctahydronaphthalenes dbr:Guinea_pig_maximisation_test dbr:Human_maximisation_test dbr:Buehler_test dbr:Local_nymph_node_assay dbr:Mouse_ear_swelling_test dbr:LLNA dbr:Murine_local_lymph_node_assay dbr:Murine_local_nymph_node_assay |
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