Marxism and religion (original) (raw)
마르크스 주의의 창시자이자 일차 이론가인 19세기 독일 철학자 칼 카르크스는 종교를 "영혼없는 상태의 영혼"또는 "인민의 아편"이라고 보았다. 동시에, 마르크스는 종교를 그들의 열악한 경제 상황과 소외에 대한 노동자 계층의 항의의 형태로 보았다. 마르크스-레닌주의 해석에서, 모든 현대 종교와 교회는 "노동계급의 착취와 어리석음"을 위해 사용되는 "브루주아 반작용의 기관"으로 간주된다. 블라디미르 레닌 이후 소비에트 연방, 마오쩌둥 통치하의 중화인민공화국과 같은 20세기 마르크스- 레닌주의 정부는 국가 무신론을 도입하는 규칙을 시행했다.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| dbo:abstract | كارل ماركس، الفيلسوف الألماني التابع لحقبة القرن التاسع عشر هو المؤسس والعالم النظري الأساسي للنظرية الماركسية. كان لماركس موقفًا متناقضًا ومعقدًا تجاه الدين حيث نظر إليه في المقام الأول على أنه «كيان الظروف العدمي الروح» أو «أفيون الشعوب» لأنه كان يُستخدم من قبل الطبقات الحاكمة ليعطي الطبقات العاملة أملًا كاذبًا منذ آلاف السنين. في نفس الوقت، رأى ماركس الدين كشكلٍ من أشكال الاحتجاج من قبل الطبقات العاملة ضد ظروفهم الاقتصادية السيئة وعزلتهم. في التفسير الماركسي-اللينيني للنظرية الماركسية التي طورها في المقام الأول الزعيم السوفيتي الراديكالي جوزيف ستالين، يُنظر إلى الدين على أنه يؤخر التنمية البشرية. نتيجةً لذلك، نفذ عدد من الحكومات الماركسية-اللينينية في القرن العشرين مثل الاتحاد السوفييتي بعد فلاديمير لينين وجمهورية الصين الشعبية في عهد ماو تسي تونغ قواعد لتقديم الإلحاد الحكومي. (ar) 19th-century German philosopher Karl Marx, the founder and primary theorist of Marxism, viewed religion as "the soul of soulless conditions" or the "opium of the people". According to Karl Marx, religion in this world of exploitation is an expression of distress and at the same time it is also a protest against the real distress. In other words, religion continues to survive because of oppressive social conditions. When this oppressive and exploitative condition is destroyed, religion will become unnecessary. At the same time, Marx saw religion as a form of protest by the working classes against their poor economic conditions and their alienation. Denys Turner, a scholar of Marx and historical theology, classified Marx's views as adhering to Post-Theism, a philosophical position that regards worshipping deities as an eventually obsolete, but temporarily necessary, stage in humanity's historical spiritual development. In the Marxist–Leninist interpretation, all modern religions and churches are considered as "organs of bourgeois reaction" used for "the exploitation and the stupefaction of the working class". A number of Marxist–Leninist governments in the 20th century such as the Soviet Union after Vladimir Lenin and the People's Republic of China under Mao Zedong implemented rules introducing state atheism. (en) El filósofo alemán del siglo XIX Karl Marx, fundador y principal teórico del marxismo, veía la religión como "el suspiro de la criatura oprimida, el corazón de un mundo sin corazón, el espíritu de una situación carente de espíritu" o el "opio del pueblo". Según Marx, la religión en este mundo de explotación es una expresión de angustia y al mismo tiempo es también una protesta contra la angustia real. En otras palabras, la religión continúa sobreviviendo debido a las opresivas condiciones sociales. Cuando se destruya esta condición de opresión y explotación, la religión se volverá innecesaria. Al mismo tiempo, Marx vio la religión como una forma de protesta de las clases trabajadoras contra sus malas condiciones económicas y su alienación. Así, la religión siempre es una concepción de ideas políticas que tienden a reafirmar la estructura económica existente. Esto revela el porqué de la referencia a un opiáceo: la religión no se considera una forma de degradación intelectual ni tampoco una mera ilusión generada por las clases dominantes (interpretación no marxista que suprimiría la idea que este tenía de la ideología, esto es, la ilusión de universalidad dentro de cada clase), sino que la religión es, por el contrario, el anestésico necesario de la sociedad entera frente a la alienación social y de las clases oprimidas frente a sus condiciones materiales de existencia. Desde el marxismo, la religión es vista como una realidad social e histórica y es una de las tantas formas ideológicas en cuanto, producción de ideas, conciencia, representaciones, y en este caso específico, de producción espiritual de los pueblos. Todas estas producciones obedecen a la producción que surge de lo material y las consecuentes relaciones sociales. En este sentido, como religión, el catolicismo, dependiendo las circunstancias históricas, asume un rol fundamental en la sociedad. En la interpretación marxista-leninista, todas las religiones e iglesias modernas son consideradas como "órganos de reacción burguesa" utilizados para "la explotación y estupefacción de la clase trabajadora". Varios gobiernos marxistas-leninistas en el siglo XX, como la Unión Soviética después de Vladimir Lenin y la República Popular de China bajo Mao Zedong, implementaron reglas que introdujeron el ateísmo estatal. Algunos eruditos marxistas han clasificado los puntos de vista de Marx como adherentes al posteísmo, una posición filosófica que considera la adoración de deidades como una etapa eventualmente obsoleta, pero temporalmente necesaria, en el desarrollo espiritual histórico de la humanidad. (es) Pencetus dan pemikir utama Marxisme, Karl Marx, memiliki sikap yang ambivalen terhadap agama. Marx terutama memandang agama sebagai "candu" yang dimanfaatkan oleh kelas penguasa untuk memberikan harapan palsu bagi kelas buruh, tetapi di lain pihak, ia juga memandangnya sebagai bentuk protes kelas buruh terhadap keadaan ekonomi mereka yang buruk. Ujung-ujungnya, Marx menolak keberadaan agama. Dalam interpretasi teori Marxis oleh kaum Marxis-Leninis yang utamanya dikembangkan oleh Vladimir Lenin, agama dianggap berdampak negatif bagi perkembangan manusia sehingga negara-negara sosialis yang menerapkan Marxisme-Leninisme bersikap ateistik dan antiagama. Itulah alasan mengapa beberapa pemerintahan berhaluan Marxisme-Leninisme pada abad ke-20 seperti Uni Soviet dan Republik Rakyat Tiongkok membuat peraturan untuk memperkenalkan konsep ateisme negara. Akan tetapi, bukan berarti tidak ada kelompok komunisme agamais, bahkan memegang peranan penting dalam perkembangan awal komunisme. Vladimir Lenin dalam Tulisannya "Sosialisme dan Agama", mengatakan bahwa "Agama harus dinyatakan sebagai urusan pribadi." Lenin meminta agar agama dipahami sebagai sebuah persoalan pribadi dan tidak menjadi perhatian negara. Menurut Lenin, setiap orang sudah seharusnya bebas mutlak menentukan agama apa yang dianutnya, atau bahkan tanpa agama sekalipun, yaitu, menjadi seorang atheis. Namun, Diskriminasi di antara para warga sehubungan dengan keyakinan agamanya sama sekali tidak dapat ditolerir oleh negara. Dalam tulisannya ini pula Lenin menginginkan agar penyebutan agama seseorang di dalam dokumen dibatasi. (in) 마르크스 주의의 창시자이자 일차 이론가인 19세기 독일 철학자 칼 카르크스는 종교를 "영혼없는 상태의 영혼"또는 "인민의 아편"이라고 보았다. 동시에, 마르크스는 종교를 그들의 열악한 경제 상황과 소외에 대한 노동자 계층의 항의의 형태로 보았다. 마르크스-레닌주의 해석에서, 모든 현대 종교와 교회는 "노동계급의 착취와 어리석음"을 위해 사용되는 "브루주아 반작용의 기관"으로 간주된다. 블라디미르 레닌 이후 소비에트 연방, 마오쩌둥 통치하의 중화인민공화국과 같은 20세기 마르크스- 레닌주의 정부는 국가 무신론을 도입하는 규칙을 시행했다. (ko) O fundador do marxismo, o pensador alemão Karl Marx, tinha uma atitude crítica com religião. Por um lado, via a utilização dessa ideologia como "o ópio do povo", ou seja, instrumento usado pelas classes dominantes para dar à classe trabalhadora uma falsa esperança sobre a resolução dos problemas sociais apresentados. Em última instância, a superação da divisão entre pobres e ricos só pode ser superada no pós-morte, no paraíso. Por outro lado, acabava por reconhecer a religião como uma forma de protesto das classes trabalhadoras contra suas más condições econômicas. Inclusive, em sua polêmica com os Bauer e os neohegelianos, quando vai escrever os Manuscritos Econômicos-Filosóficos de 1844, Marx vai defender a distinção entre o Estado e a religião - mas não a aniquilação da religiosidade como um todo, como Bauer defendia. Na interpretação do marxismo, com robusta filosofia materialista, distanciada da teologia, a religião é uma tema a ser tratado dentro do campo privado, totalmente diferenciado do campo da política estatal. Essa é a posição de Marx e posteriormente de Lenin, um dos líderes bolcheviques da revolução russa. Ou seja, a religião não é um tema do Estado e não cabe a ele o poder de decidir a crença individual das pessoas - que pode se reivindicar ateu ou teísta. Entretanto, na prática, muitas vezes a religião é usada como apaziguador das lutas. (pt) 马克思主义与宗教是指马克思主义的社会主义世界观及其政治意识形态与各种宗教之间理论与实践上的关系。马克思主义最主要的奠基人，十九世纪德国社会学家卡尔·马克思对于宗教有着相当矛盾的看法，他一方面将宗教视作统治阶级给工人阶级施加的“精神鸦片”，因为宗教让他们对禧年抱有虚假的幻想，但另一方面他又认为这是工人阶级对低落经济状况的一种抗议。 俄国革命者弗拉基米尔·列宁为主的人们发展了马克思主义，形成了马克思列宁主义。马列主义认为，宗教对人类的发展起到了阻碍作用，而且遵照马克思列宁主义及其各种衍生形态的社会主义国家都主张无神论，并且是明确反宗教的。因此，二十世纪许多明确主张马克思主义的政权，例如前苏联和中国，都推行国家无神论政策。但是，一些一直存在，如基督教共产主义在共产主义发展的初期就起到至关重要的作用。 (zh) |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://hdiplo.org/to/RT21-56 https://archive.org/details/UrgencyMarxistChristianDialogue https://archive.org/details/MarxEngelsReligion https://archive.org/details/MarxismChristianitySymposium https://archive.org/details/dialoguechristianitymarxismklugmann https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.46597 https://archive.org/details/leninonreligion https://archive.org/details/whatkindrevolutionklugmannoestreicher http://otrrlibrary.org/OTRRLib/Library%20Files/D%20Series/Destination%20Freedom/Destination%20Freedom%2051-03-25%20Citizen%20Whitney.mp3 |
| dbo:wikiPageID | 20224767 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageLength | 48051 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:wikiPageRevisionID | 1123070366 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageWikiLink | dbr:Cambodia dbr:Camilo_Torres_Restrepo dbr:Protestant dbr:Minjung_theology dbr:Mutualism_(economic_theory) dbr:Nonreligious dbr:Bible dbr:Bolshevik dbr:Democratic_confederalism dbr:Denys_Turner dbr:Destination_Freedom dbr:Antireligion dbr:Howard_Zinn dbr:Jon_Sobrino dbr:Joseph_Needham dbr:Joseph_Stalin dbr:Judaism dbr:Pathet_Lao dbr:Patriarch_Justinian_of_Romania dbr:People's_Mujahedin_of_Iran dbr:People's_Republic_of_China dbr:Religion dbr:Religious_persecution dbr:Ritual dbr:Viet_Cong dbr:Vietnam dbr:Vladimir_Lenin dbr:Eastern_Bloc dbr:Liberation_theology dbr:Libertarian_socialism dbr:Socialist_state dbr:Communism dbr:Communist dbr:Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union dbr:Communist_state dbr:Anarchism_and_religion dbr:Russian_Civil_War dbr:Russian_Social_Democratic_Labour_Party dbr:Orthodox_Judaism dbr:Christian_denomination dbr:Christian_socialism dbr:Christian_theology dbr:Christianity dbr:Enrico_Berlinguer dbr:Enver_Hoxha dbr:Epithet dbr:French_Revolution dbr:Friedrich_Engels dbr:General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union dbr:German_Peasants'_War dbr:Gospel dbr:Mirsaid_Sultan-Galiev dbr:Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi dbr:Myth dbr:Critique_of_Hegel's_Philosophy_of_Right dbr:Thomas_Müntzer dbr:Dalit_theology dbr:Opium_of_the_people dbr:Option_for_the_poor dbr:1978_Constitution_of_the_People's_Republic_of_China dbr:Anomie dbr:Apostles_in_the_New_Testament dbr:Leonardo_Boff dbr:Anabaptist dbr:Ludwig_Feuerbach dbr:State_atheism dbr:Colonialism dbr:Symbol dbr:Materialism_and_Christianity dbr:Baháʼí_Faith dbr:Baptist dbc:Marxism dbr:Buddhism dbr:Buddhism_in_Cambodia dbr:Catholic_Church dbr:Cesare_Luporini dbr:Tristram_Hunt dbr:Tudeh_Party_of_Iran dbr:White_Army dbr:Cult_of_reason dbr:Jewish_atheism dbr:League_of_Militant_Atheists dbr:Shamanism dbr:Acts_of_the_Apostles dbc:Religion_and_politics dbr:Agnosticism dbr:Albania dbr:American_Jewish_Committee dbr:Anarchism dbr:Cultural_Revolution dbr:Eastern_Orthodox_Church dbr:Eurocommunism dbr:Nikolai_Bukharin dbr:Palestinian_liberation_theology dbr:Caricature_(disambiguation) dbr:Glittering_generality dbr:Historical_theology dbr:Juan_Luis_Segundo dbr:Royal_Lao_Government dbr:Gustavo_Gutiérrez dbr:Herbert_Aptheker dbr:Isaac_Steinberg dbr:Islam dbr:Italian_Communist_Party dbr:Marxist_sociology dbr:Marxist–Leninist_atheism dbr:Armenian_Apostolic_Church dbr:Atheism dbr:Chinese_Communist_Party dbr:Jesus_Christ dbr:Jewish_Communist_Party_(Poalei_Zion) dbr:Jews dbr:Karl_Marx dbr:Khmer_Rouge dbr:Laos dbr:Black_theology dbr:Sunni dbr:Economic_and_Philosophic_Manuscripts_of_1844 dbr:Religion_in_Albania dbr:Religious_communism dbr:Dialectical_materialism dbr:Mao_Zedong dbr:Marxism dbr:Marxist dbr:Marxist_humanism dbr:Marxist_philosophy dbr:Marxists dbr:Marxist–Leninist dbr:Pol_Pot dbr:Socialist dbr:South_Vietnam dbr:Soviet_Union dbr:Feudalism dbr:Evgenii_Preobrazhensky dbr:Ngo_Dinh_Diem dbr:Oriental_Orthodox_Churches dbr:Red_Scare dbr:Red_Terror dbr:Second_Red_Scare dbr:Shia dbr:Christian_atheism dbr:Christian_communism dbr:Christian_humanism dbr:Yehuda_Ashlag dbr:Shah dbr:Socialism:_Utopian_and_Scientific dbr:Lucio_Lombardo-Radice dbr:Radio_drama dbr:The_Peasant_War_in_Germany dbr:Islamists dbr:Nationalism dbr:People's_Commissariat_for_Nationalities dbr:Jewish_Territorialist_Organization dbr:The_Communist_Manifesto dbr:The_ABC_of_Communism dbr:Religious_socialism dbr:State_Secretary_for_Church_Affairs dbr:Tenzin_Gyatso dbr:Post-Theism dbr:Azerbaijan_SSR dbr:Bolshevik_Party dbr:Marxist_thought dbr:House_Committee_on_Un-American_Activities dbr:American_way_of_life dbr:Atheist_state dbr:Marxist_economics dbr:Libertarian_communist dbr:Christian_universalist dbr:National_independence dbr:Early_Christian_Church dbr:Structural_Marxist dbr:Sweeping_statement dbr:Wikipedia:LIBEL dbr:Wikipedia:OPINION |
| dbp:date | November 2022 (en) |
| dbp:reason | The sweeping statement glittering generality that the entire Liberation theology movement, such a vast topic, relies on Marxist tenets, is WP:LIBEL, and insinuates it as heresy. Furthermore, WP:OPINION. Instead, say, "Someone XYZ argues that Liberation theo is dialectical-materialist in outlook". Citing someone's opinion is not an opinion, but a fact. Next, Torres having humanist, rather than, say, Structural Marxist underpinnings is WP:OPINION - but saying, "ACCORDING TO person XYZ Torres has humanistic drives" is okay. Adding > Citations is paramount. (en) |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | dbt:Qn dbt:Authority_control dbt:Blockquote dbt:Citation_needed dbt:Cite_book dbt:Cleanup dbt:Further dbt:Main dbt:Reflist dbt:See_also dbt:Religion_and_topic dbt:Marxism dbt:Further-text dbt:Related |
| dcterms:subject | dbc:Marxism dbc:Religion_and_politics |
| rdf:type | owl:Thing |
| rdfs:comment | 마르크스 주의의 창시자이자 일차 이론가인 19세기 독일 철학자 칼 카르크스는 종교를 "영혼없는 상태의 영혼"또는 "인민의 아편"이라고 보았다. 동시에, 마르크스는 종교를 그들의 열악한 경제 상황과 소외에 대한 노동자 계층의 항의의 형태로 보았다. 마르크스-레닌주의 해석에서, 모든 현대 종교와 교회는 "노동계급의 착취와 어리석음"을 위해 사용되는 "브루주아 반작용의 기관"으로 간주된다. 블라디미르 레닌 이후 소비에트 연방, 마오쩌둥 통치하의 중화인민공화국과 같은 20세기 마르크스- 레닌주의 정부는 국가 무신론을 도입하는 규칙을 시행했다. (ko) 马克思主义与宗教是指马克思主义的社会主义世界观及其政治意识形态与各种宗教之间理论与实践上的关系。马克思主义最主要的奠基人，十九世纪德国社会学家卡尔·马克思对于宗教有着相当矛盾的看法，他一方面将宗教视作统治阶级给工人阶级施加的“精神鸦片”，因为宗教让他们对禧年抱有虚假的幻想，但另一方面他又认为这是工人阶级对低落经济状况的一种抗议。 俄国革命者弗拉基米尔·列宁为主的人们发展了马克思主义，形成了马克思列宁主义。马列主义认为，宗教对人类的发展起到了阻碍作用，而且遵照马克思列宁主义及其各种衍生形态的社会主义国家都主张无神论，并且是明确反宗教的。因此，二十世纪许多明确主张马克思主义的政权，例如前苏联和中国，都推行国家无神论政策。但是，一些一直存在，如基督教共产主义在共产主义发展的初期就起到至关重要的作用。 (zh) كارل ماركس، الفيلسوف الألماني التابع لحقبة القرن التاسع عشر هو المؤسس والعالم النظري الأساسي للنظرية الماركسية. كان لماركس موقفًا متناقضًا ومعقدًا تجاه الدين حيث نظر إليه في المقام الأول على أنه «كيان الظروف العدمي الروح» أو «أفيون الشعوب» لأنه كان يُستخدم من قبل الطبقات الحاكمة ليعطي الطبقات العاملة أملًا كاذبًا منذ آلاف السنين. (ar) El filósofo alemán del siglo XIX Karl Marx, fundador y principal teórico del marxismo, veía la religión como "el suspiro de la criatura oprimida, el corazón de un mundo sin corazón, el espíritu de una situación carente de espíritu" o el "opio del pueblo". Según Marx, la religión en este mundo de explotación es una expresión de angustia y al mismo tiempo es también una protesta contra la angustia real. En otras palabras, la religión continúa sobreviviendo debido a las opresivas condiciones sociales. Cuando se destruya esta condición de opresión y explotación, la religión se volverá innecesaria. Al mismo tiempo, Marx vio la religión como una forma de protesta de las clases trabajadoras contra sus malas condiciones económicas y su alienación. (es) 19th-century German philosopher Karl Marx, the founder and primary theorist of Marxism, viewed religion as "the soul of soulless conditions" or the "opium of the people". According to Karl Marx, religion in this world of exploitation is an expression of distress and at the same time it is also a protest against the real distress. In other words, religion continues to survive because of oppressive social conditions. When this oppressive and exploitative condition is destroyed, religion will become unnecessary. At the same time, Marx saw religion as a form of protest by the working classes against their poor economic conditions and their alienation. Denys Turner, a scholar of Marx and historical theology, classified Marx's views as adhering to Post-Theism, a philosophical position that regar (en) Pencetus dan pemikir utama Marxisme, Karl Marx, memiliki sikap yang ambivalen terhadap agama. Marx terutama memandang agama sebagai "candu" yang dimanfaatkan oleh kelas penguasa untuk memberikan harapan palsu bagi kelas buruh, tetapi di lain pihak, ia juga memandangnya sebagai bentuk protes kelas buruh terhadap keadaan ekonomi mereka yang buruk. Ujung-ujungnya, Marx menolak keberadaan agama. (in) O fundador do marxismo, o pensador alemão Karl Marx, tinha uma atitude crítica com religião. Por um lado, via a utilização dessa ideologia como "o ópio do povo", ou seja, instrumento usado pelas classes dominantes para dar à classe trabalhadora uma falsa esperança sobre a resolução dos problemas sociais apresentados. Em última instância, a superação da divisão entre pobres e ricos só pode ser superada no pós-morte, no paraíso. Por outro lado, acabava por reconhecer a religião como uma forma de protesto das classes trabalhadoras contra suas más condições econômicas. Inclusive, em sua polêmica com os Bauer e os neohegelianos, quando vai escrever os Manuscritos Econômicos-Filosóficos de 1844, Marx vai defender a distinção entre o Estado e a religião - mas não a aniquilação da religiosidade co (pt) |
| rdfs:label | الماركسية والدين (ar) Marxismo y religión (es) Marxisme dan agama (in) Marxism and religion (en) 마르크스주의와 종교 (ko) Marxismo e religião (pt) 马克思主义与宗教 (zh) |
| rdfs:seeAlso | dbr:Anti-religious_campaign_of_Communist_Romania dbr:Communism dbr:Orthodox_Judaism dbr:Opium_of_the_people dbr:Buddhist_socialism dbr:Anarchism dbr:Islam dbr:Marxist–Leninist_atheism dbr:Atheism |
| owl:sameAs | freebase:Marxism and religion wikidata:Marxism and religion dbpedia-ar:Marxism and religion dbpedia-bg:Marxism and religion dbpedia-es:Marxism and religion dbpedia-fa:Marxism and religion dbpedia-id:Marxism and religion dbpedia-ko:Marxism and religion http://pa.dbpedia.org/resource/ਧਰਮ_ਅਤੇ_ਮਾਰਕਸਵਾਦ dbpedia-pt:Marxism and religion dbpedia-sh:Marxism and religion dbpedia-sl:Marxism and religion dbpedia-tr:Marxism and religion dbpedia-zh:Marxism and religion https://global.dbpedia.org/id/Z6iJ |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Marxism_and_religion?oldid=1123070366&ns=0 |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:Marxism_and_religion |
| is dbo:wikiPageRedirects of | dbr:Religion_and_Marxism dbr:Religious_criticism_of_communism dbr:Religion_and_communism dbr:Communism_and_Buddhism dbr:Communism_and_religion dbr:Buddhism_and_communism |
| is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of | dbr:Roger_Lancaster dbr:Michael_Costigan_(writer) dbr:On_the_Jewish_Question dbr:Destination_Freedom dbr:Religion_and_Marxism dbr:Criticism_of_atheism dbr:Opium_of_the_people dbr:Ksenia_Pokrovsky dbr:Materialism_and_Christianity dbr:Catholic_Church_and_Nazi_Germany dbr:W._E._B._Du_Bois dbr:Girō_Senoo dbr:Judeo-Christian dbr:The_Gladiator_(Turtledove_novel) dbr:Means_of_production dbr:Marxist–Leninist_atheism dbr:African_socialism dbr:Joel_Tabora dbr:Religious_communism dbr:Kiyoshi_Miki dbr:Christian_communism dbr:Yoshikatsu_Takeiri dbr:Theomachist dbr:Welcome_to_the_Desert_of_the_Real dbr:Romanian_Orthodox_Church_in_Communist_Romania dbr:Religious_criticism_of_communism dbr:Religion_and_communism dbr:Communism_and_Buddhism dbr:Communism_and_religion dbr:Buddhism_and_communism |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:Marxism_and_religion |