Melting pot (original) (raw)
قدر الصهر هو استعارة لمجتمع غير متجانس يصبح أكثر تجانسا، مختلف العناصر «تنصهر معا» في وحدة متناغمة لها ثقافة موحدة. ويستعمل هذا المصطلح لوصف استيعاب المهاجرين للولايات المتحدة وبدأ استعماله في ثمانينيات القرن الثامن عشر.
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| dbo:abstract | قدر الصهر هو استعارة لمجتمع غير متجانس يصبح أكثر تجانسا، مختلف العناصر «تنصهر معا» في وحدة متناغمة لها ثقافة موحدة. ويستعمل هذا المصطلح لوصف استيعاب المهاجرين للولايات المتحدة وبدأ استعماله في ثمانينيات القرن الثامن عشر. (ar) El gresol de cultures (en anglès The melting pot) és una metàfora monocultural per a designar una societat heterogènia esdevinguda més homogènia. Històricament s'usa sovint per descriure la integració cultural dels immigrants als Estats Units (ca) Melting pot (česky doslova „tavicí kelímek" nebo "tavicí kotlík“) je termín dvou významů. 1. Keramická nádoba určená do pece k tavení rudy či kovů a jejich a slévání. 2. V přeneseném slova smyslu metafora a hypotéza pro stav, kdy se heterogenní společnost stává více homogenní a její rozdílné prvky či rysy se v přeneseném smyslu „přetavují“ a pojí v jeden harmonický celek. Tento výraz je používán zejména k popsání asimilace imigrantů, kteří přišli do Spojených států a byl popularizován divadelní hrou The Melting Pot z roku 1908. V teorii je tento výraz také spjat s třemi stupni intenzity mísení lidí. Jedná se o commercium (obchod), commensalitas (společné stravování) a v neposlední řadě také connubium (manželství). Vhodnost asimilace a model melting pot je zpochybňován multikulturalismem, podle něhož jsou kulturní rozdílnosti v rámci společnosti cenné a měly by být zachovány. Zároveň navrhuje alternativní metaforu či hypotézu pro melting pot, a to „salátovou mísu“ (anglicky: salad bowl), ve které se rozličné kultury mísí, avšak zároveň zůstávají odlišné. (cs) Ein Schmelztiegel ist ein Tiegel, in dem Substanzen (meist Metalle) gemischt und geschmolzen werden. Die Metapher „Melting Pot“ wurde das erste Mal von Jean de Crèvecoeur in seinem 1782 erschienenen Essay Letters from an American Farmer verwendet. Ein gebräuchlicher Ausdruck jedoch wurde er erst durch den Erfolg des Theaterstücks The Melting Pot des englischen Schriftstellers Israel Zangwill, das 1908 in Washington, D.C. uraufgeführt wurde. (de) Fandopoto estas fandujo, en kiu oni miksas substancojn (ĉefe metalojn) kaj kunfandas ilin. Kiel metaforo, la esprimo "fandopoto" (angle „melting pot“) estis unuafoje uzata far en sia eseo de 1782 (Letters from an American Farmer). Ĝi iĝis kutima esprimo nur post sukceso de la teatraĵo The Melting Pot, kiun verkis la angla kaj estis ekprezentita en 1908 en Vaŝingtono. La esprimo "fandopoto" en la sociala scienco, publika uzo signifas kulturan asimiligon, miksiĝon, integriĝon de diversnaciaj enmigrantoj, ĉefe en Usono aŭ en aliaj anglosaksaj landoj. Tiuj enmigrantoj rapide akiras novan komunan senton por la nova patrujo, lingve asimiliĝas, sed ofte rezervas kulturajn radikojn. (eo) The melting pot is a monocultural metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" with a common culture; an alternative being a homogeneous society becoming more heterogeneous through the influx of foreign elements with different cultural backgrounds, possessing the potential to create disharmony within the previous culture. It can also create a harmonious hybridized society known as cultural amalgamation. Historically, it is often used to describe the cultural integration of immigrants to the United States. A related concept has been defined as "cultural additivity." The melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s. The exact term "melting pot" came into general usage in the United States after it was used as a metaphor describing a fusion of nationalities, cultures and ethnicities in the 1908 play of the same name. The desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model has been rejected by proponents of multiculturalism, who have suggested alternative metaphors to describe the current American society, such as a salad bowl, or kaleidoscope, in which different cultures mix, but remain distinct in some aspects. The melting pot continues to be used as an assimilation model in vernacular and political discourse along with more inclusive models of assimilation in the academic debates on identity, adaptation and integration of immigrants into various political, social and economic spheres. (en) El término crisol de culturas (originalmente, crisol de razas,) (del inglés melting pot) suele usarse para representar la forma en que las gradualmente se convierten en sociedades homogéneas, en las cuales los ingredientes mezclados en el "crisol" (la gente de diferentes culturas, etnias y religiones) se combinan para formar una sociedad multiétnica. La expresión inglesa fue acuñada por Israel Zangwill en la obra teatral de 1908 , y desde entonces se viene utilizando para describir la peculiar forma de integración de la inmigración en Estados Unidos. La analogía lleva implícita la idea positiva de que se produce una convivencia (tolerancia social) armoniosa, o incluso una unificación a través del mestizaje o la asimilación; por oposición a la separación en guetos o de la segregación racial (apartheid). También puede emplearse desde perspectivas negativas, para denunciar la pérdida de diversidad cultural a través de la aculturación (el American way of life -"modo de vida estadounidense"-); o, con fines opuestos, para lamentarse de la contaminación de una supuesta "pureza racial". La expresión crisol de culturas o crisol cultural se ha usado en algunos lugares con fines políticos y nacionalistas para atraer hacia esos territorios a inmigrantes altamente educados y calificados y también generar simpatías entre la población local hacia aquellos que puedan contribuir al fortalecimiento y desarrollo de la nación y poder así asegurar su supremacía política y económica. En un contexto poético, también es aceptable el término crisol para referirse a variedad, sin un sentido estricto de "mezcla". (es) Kuali peleburan (bahasa Inggris: melting pot) adalah metafora untuk masyarakat heterogen yang semakin homogen. Elemen yang berbeda "melebur menjadi satu" sebagai suatu kesamaan budaya yang harmonis. Istilah ini digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan asimilasi imigran di Amerika Serikat; metafora melebur menjadi satu digunakan pada tahun 1780-an. Setelah tahun 1970, keinginan asimilasi dan model kuali peleburan menghadapi tantangan dari multikulturalisme, yang menyatakan bahwa perbedaan budaya pada masyarakat berharga dan perlu dipelihara. Metafora alternatif yang diusulkan adalah . (in) Un melting pot ou un creuset est une métaphore employée pour désigner une société devenant homogène et universelle, les différents éléments fusionnant pour ne former qu'un seul et même ensemble harmonieux avec une culture commune. Ce terme est utilisé en particulier pour décrire la politique d'intégration et d'assimilation de millions d'immigrés d'origines diverses aux États-Unis. Bien que la notion du melting together était déjà utilisée au XVIIIe siècle, le terme exact du « creuset culturel » est devenu effectif au début du XXe siècle en étant utilisé comme une métaphore décrivant la fusion de nationalités, de cultures et d'ethnicités. Le concept du melting pot peut-être considéré comme la résultante du républicanisme et de l'universalisme républicain. (fr) 인종의 용광로 또는 멜팅 팟 이론(영어: melting pot)은 다양한 문화를 가진 사람들이 섞여 하나의 동질한 문화를 만들어가는 것을 의미한다. 역사적으로는 주로 미국의 경우에 많이 사용되었는데, 이는 미국으로 수많은 이주민과 외국인들이 서로 모여 단일한 공통적 문화를 만들어가던 현상을 설명하기 위해 사용되었던 것이다. 다만 현재의 미국은 다양한 문화들이 서로 섞여 조화를 이루되 각자의 문화를 보존하는 '샐러드 그릇' 이론에 더 가까운 정책을 펼치고 있고, 세계적인 추세도 각자의 문화를 인정해주며 공존하는 방향으로 향하고 있기에, 용광로 이론을 현대 사회에 그대로 적용하기에는 무리가 있다. 서로 다른 것들을 녹여 단일한 무언가를 만들어낸다는 개념은 1780년대에 처음으로 쓰이기 시작하였고, 1908년 이스라엘 장윌의 연극 '용광로'에서 그 이름을 따와서 본격적으로 '용광로 이론'이라는 이름으로 불리게 되었다. 이는 서로 다른 국적, 문화, 가치관들을 가진 사람들이 19세기에 아메리칸 드림을 기대하며 미국으로 몰려와 모여있는 상태를 설명하기에 유용했기에, 얼마 지나지 않아 사회에서 공공연히 쓰이게 되었다. 하지만 멜팅 팟 이론은 현대에 들어 다문화주의가 사회의 이론을 설명하기 위한 대안적 이론으로 등장하며 그 중요도가 떨어졌다. 다문화주의를 반영한 가장 대표적인 이론들은 샐러드 그릇 이론, 문화 모자이크 이론 등이 있는데, 이와 같은 이론들의 공통 분모는 서로 다른 문화의 가치들을 인정하며 이들을 보존하는 동시에 조화를 이루어 문화의 공존을 꾀한다는 점이라는 것이다. 현재 용광로 이론은 사회 전반에 걸쳐서는 잘 사용되지 않고, 다만 학술적, 정책적 토론회 중 어떻게 이주민들을 사회에 잘 적응시킬 수 있을 것인가에 대하여 논의하는 과정에서는 종종 등장하고 있다. (ko) 人種のるつぼ（じんしゅのるつぼ、英: melting pot）とは、多種多様な民族が混在して暮らしている都市、またはその状態を表す言葉。 (ja) Melting pot (tradotto come "crogiolo", "calderone") è l'espressione che si usa per indicare quel tipo di società che vive e permette la commistione di individui di origini, religioni e culture diverse con il risultato di costruire un'identità condivisa molto diffusa negli USA. L'immagine del "crogiolo" associata agli statunitensi fu impiegata per la prima volta dal drammaturgo Israel Zangwill nell'opera Melting Pot, pubblicata nel 1908. L'espressione è utilizzata soprattutto per descrivere la società degli Stati Uniti d'America, una nazione fondata dall'unione di ex colonie di diverse origini nazionali (inglesi, olandesi, francesi, spagnole) e identità religiose (anglicani, calvinisti, battisti, quaccheri, cattolici), situazione successivamente approfondita dall'immigrazione europea del XIX e XX secolo e dalla conseguente americanizzazione, contemporanea alla Prima Guerra Mondiale. Melting pot è anche uno dei nomignoli della città di New York, in ragione del fatto che una caratteristica della metropoli è la convivenza, seppur spesso in condizioni e luoghi diversi, di persone di culture tra loro molto diverse, come in un grosso calderone. (it) Een smeltkroes is een vermenging van culturen tot een aparte (sub-)cultuur. Het begrip stamt uit de Verenigde Staten, waar in de steden een aparte cultuur ontstond uit de vele culturen van immigranten en subculturen. Voor multi- en geldt het als ideaal. Een melting pot ontstaat in een multiculturele samenleving. De culturen van etnische minderheid vermengden zich met de hoofdcultuur in het land. Hierdoor zal het land één cultuur gaan kennen die grotendeels gevormd is uit deze cultuur. Deze cultuur verandert doorlopend door de instroom van nieuwe immigranten en tal van interne culturele processen. Het is echter geen Amerikaans verschijnsel alleen. Het Creools geldt als het type-voorbeeld van een eerste smeltkroes van talen en culturen. Ook in Europese steden of wijken vormt zich een smeltkroes van culturen, bijvoorbeeld in de Limburgse mijncité's, zelfs met de vorming van een eigen taal, die ook de sporen vertoont van de samenstellende talen. Ook in sommige Parijse voorsteden ontwikkelt zich een subcultuur met vermenging van Franse en Noord-Afrikaanse invloeden. (nl) Crisol de raças (em inglês: melting pot), também chamado de caldeirão de raças ou de culturas, é uma metáfora para uma sociedade heterogênea que se torna mais homogênea, quando seus diferentes elementos "derretem juntos" em um todo harmonioso, com uma cultura comum; ou vice-versa, quando uma sociedade homogênea torna-se mais heterogênea através do afluxo de componentes estranhos com diferentes origens culturais e com um potencial de criação de desarmonia com a cultura anterior. Historicamente, o termo é muitas vezes usado para descrever a assimilação de imigrantes para os Estados Unidos. A metáfora melting pot foi usada pela primeira vez por volta de 1780. O termo exato "melting pot" entrou em uso geral nos Estados Unidos depois de ter sido usado como uma metáfora que descreve uma fusão de nacionalidades, culturas e etnias em uma peça teatral homônima de 1908. O desejo de assimilação e o modelo "caldeirão de culturas" foi reconsiderado pelos defensores do multiculturalismo, que sugeriram metáforas alternativas para descrever a sociedade estadunidense atual, como um mosaico ou caleidoscópio, em que diferentes culturas misturam-se, mas permanecem distintas em alguns aspectos. Outros argumentam que a assimilação cultural é importante para a manutenção da unidade nacional e deve ser promovida. (pt) En degel är en eldfast behållare som bland annat används inom kemi och metallhantering. Den är tillverkad av till exempel järn eller speciellt porslin och används för att smälta eller transportera ämnen vid hög temperatur, till exempel vid kemiska försök eller vid gjutning av metaller. Bildligt används smältdegel om situationer där folk och folkslag, idéer, företeelser och liknande blandas: till exempel Denna folkens smältdegel (som detta land utgör), karaktärsutvecklingens smältdegel. Smältdegel används som uttryck för mångkultur där alla invandrarkulturerna blandas utan större statlig eller offentlig inblandning; uttrycket associeras främst med USA. Det används för att beskriva ett samhälle som blir mer likartat; de olika elementen "smälter ihop" till en harmonisk helhet med en gemensam kultur. (sv) Tygiel narodów – rodzaj integracji etnicznej. Polega on na połączeniu kultur i zapatrywań różnych grup etnicznych. (pl) Плавильный котёл — это модель этнического развития, пропагандируемая в американской культуре в XX веке. В соответствии с данной парадигмой, формирование американской национальной идентичности должно было идти по формуле «сплавления», «смешивания» всех народов, при этом предполагалось, как их культурное, так и биологическое смешение. Сформулированная теоретическая концепция имела апологетический характер в том смысле, что она отрицала наличие каких бы то ни было конфликтов в обществе — социальных или этнических. По словам американского исследователя А.Манна, «сама фраза „плавильный котёл“ стала национальным символом этого столетия». (ru) 大熔炉（英語：melting pot）指的是在各种民族混杂的都市中，由不同民族文化不断地影响、同化和，形成一种很独特的新的共同文化的社会。 大熔炉一词首次在（Israel Zangwill）的戏剧《》中提出。“melting pot”一词本意是坩埚，形容不同文化如同不同金属在坩埚中混合成合金一样，形成一种新的文化。最早指的是美国的大都市纽约，现在多指多民族文化融合的国家，最著名的是北美洲的美国與南美洲的巴西。 (zh) |
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| dbp:sign | Ernest Duvergier de Hauranne, English translation entitled “A Frenchman in Lincoln’s America” [Volume 1] , 240-41, of “Huit Mois en Amérique: Lettres et Notes de Voyage, 1864-1865” . (en) Eduardo-Bonilla Silva, Race: The Power of an Illusion (en) Randolph Bourne, "Trans-National America", in Atlantic Monthly, 118 , 86–97 (en) Ralph Waldo Emerson, journal entry, 1845, first published 1912 in Journals of Ralph Waldo Emerson with Annotations, Vol. IIV, 116 (en) |
| dbp:text | Man is the most composite of all creatures.... Well, as in the old burning of the Temple at Corinth, by the melting and intermixture of silver and gold and other metals a new compound more precious than any, called Corinthian brass, was formed; so in this continent—asylum of all nations—the energy of Irish, Germans, Swedes, Poles, and Cossacks, and all the European tribes—of the Africans, and of the Polynesians—will construct a new race, a new religion, a new state, a new literature, which will be as vigorous as the new Europe which came out of the smelting-pot of the Dark Ages, or that which earlier emerged from the Pelasgic and Etruscan barbarism. (en) These good people are future 'Yankees.' By next year they will be wearing the clothes of their new country, and by the following year they will be speaking its language. Their children will grow up and will no longer even remember the mother country. America is the melting pot in which all the nations of the world come to be fused into a single mass and cast in a uniform mold. (en) Blacks, Chinese, Puerto Ricans, etcetera, could not melt into the pot. They could be used as wood to produce the fire for the pot, but they could not be used as material to be melted into the pot. (en) No reverberatory effect of The Great War has caused American public opinion more solicitude than the failure of the 'melting-pot.' The discovery of diverse nationalistic feelings among our great alien population has come to most people as an intense shock. (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | قدر الصهر هو استعارة لمجتمع غير متجانس يصبح أكثر تجانسا، مختلف العناصر «تنصهر معا» في وحدة متناغمة لها ثقافة موحدة. ويستعمل هذا المصطلح لوصف استيعاب المهاجرين للولايات المتحدة وبدأ استعماله في ثمانينيات القرن الثامن عشر. (ar) El gresol de cultures (en anglès The melting pot) és una metàfora monocultural per a designar una societat heterogènia esdevinguda més homogènia. Històricament s'usa sovint per descriure la integració cultural dels immigrants als Estats Units (ca) Ein Schmelztiegel ist ein Tiegel, in dem Substanzen (meist Metalle) gemischt und geschmolzen werden. Die Metapher „Melting Pot“ wurde das erste Mal von Jean de Crèvecoeur in seinem 1782 erschienenen Essay Letters from an American Farmer verwendet. Ein gebräuchlicher Ausdruck jedoch wurde er erst durch den Erfolg des Theaterstücks The Melting Pot des englischen Schriftstellers Israel Zangwill, das 1908 in Washington, D.C. uraufgeführt wurde. (de) Kuali peleburan (bahasa Inggris: melting pot) adalah metafora untuk masyarakat heterogen yang semakin homogen. Elemen yang berbeda "melebur menjadi satu" sebagai suatu kesamaan budaya yang harmonis. Istilah ini digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan asimilasi imigran di Amerika Serikat; metafora melebur menjadi satu digunakan pada tahun 1780-an. Setelah tahun 1970, keinginan asimilasi dan model kuali peleburan menghadapi tantangan dari multikulturalisme, yang menyatakan bahwa perbedaan budaya pada masyarakat berharga dan perlu dipelihara. Metafora alternatif yang diusulkan adalah . (in) Un melting pot ou un creuset est une métaphore employée pour désigner une société devenant homogène et universelle, les différents éléments fusionnant pour ne former qu'un seul et même ensemble harmonieux avec une culture commune. Ce terme est utilisé en particulier pour décrire la politique d'intégration et d'assimilation de millions d'immigrés d'origines diverses aux États-Unis. Bien que la notion du melting together était déjà utilisée au XVIIIe siècle, le terme exact du « creuset culturel » est devenu effectif au début du XXe siècle en étant utilisé comme une métaphore décrivant la fusion de nationalités, de cultures et d'ethnicités. Le concept du melting pot peut-être considéré comme la résultante du républicanisme et de l'universalisme républicain. (fr) 人種のるつぼ（じんしゅのるつぼ、英: melting pot）とは、多種多様な民族が混在して暮らしている都市、またはその状態を表す言葉。 (ja) Tygiel narodów – rodzaj integracji etnicznej. Polega on na połączeniu kultur i zapatrywań różnych grup etnicznych. (pl) Плавильный котёл — это модель этнического развития, пропагандируемая в американской культуре в XX веке. В соответствии с данной парадигмой, формирование американской национальной идентичности должно было идти по формуле «сплавления», «смешивания» всех народов, при этом предполагалось, как их культурное, так и биологическое смешение. Сформулированная теоретическая концепция имела апологетический характер в том смысле, что она отрицала наличие каких бы то ни было конфликтов в обществе — социальных или этнических. По словам американского исследователя А.Манна, «сама фраза „плавильный котёл“ стала национальным символом этого столетия». (ru) 大熔炉（英語：melting pot）指的是在各种民族混杂的都市中，由不同民族文化不断地影响、同化和，形成一种很独特的新的共同文化的社会。 大熔炉一词首次在（Israel Zangwill）的戏剧《》中提出。“melting pot”一词本意是坩埚，形容不同文化如同不同金属在坩埚中混合成合金一样，形成一种新的文化。最早指的是美国的大都市纽约，现在多指多民族文化融合的国家，最著名的是北美洲的美国與南美洲的巴西。 (zh) Melting pot (česky doslova „tavicí kelímek" nebo "tavicí kotlík“) je termín dvou významů. 1. Keramická nádoba určená do pece k tavení rudy či kovů a jejich a slévání. 2. V přeneseném slova smyslu metafora a hypotéza pro stav, kdy se heterogenní společnost stává více homogenní a její rozdílné prvky či rysy se v přeneseném smyslu „přetavují“ a pojí v jeden harmonický celek. Tento výraz je používán zejména k popsání asimilace imigrantů, kteří přišli do Spojených států a byl popularizován divadelní hrou The Melting Pot z roku 1908. (cs) Fandopoto estas fandujo, en kiu oni miksas substancojn (ĉefe metalojn) kaj kunfandas ilin. Kiel metaforo, la esprimo "fandopoto" (angle „melting pot“) estis unuafoje uzata far en sia eseo de 1782 (Letters from an American Farmer). Ĝi iĝis kutima esprimo nur post sukceso de la teatraĵo The Melting Pot, kiun verkis la angla kaj estis ekprezentita en 1908 en Vaŝingtono. (eo) El término crisol de culturas (originalmente, crisol de razas,) (del inglés melting pot) suele usarse para representar la forma en que las gradualmente se convierten en sociedades homogéneas, en las cuales los ingredientes mezclados en el "crisol" (la gente de diferentes culturas, etnias y religiones) se combinan para formar una sociedad multiétnica. La expresión inglesa fue acuñada por Israel Zangwill en la obra teatral de 1908 , y desde entonces se viene utilizando para describir la peculiar forma de integración de la inmigración en Estados Unidos. (es) The melting pot is a monocultural metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" with a common culture; an alternative being a homogeneous society becoming more heterogeneous through the influx of foreign elements with different cultural backgrounds, possessing the potential to create disharmony within the previous culture. It can also create a harmonious hybridized society known as cultural amalgamation. Historically, it is often used to describe the cultural integration of immigrants to the United States. A related concept has been defined as "cultural additivity." (en) Melting pot (tradotto come "crogiolo", "calderone") è l'espressione che si usa per indicare quel tipo di società che vive e permette la commistione di individui di origini, religioni e culture diverse con il risultato di costruire un'identità condivisa molto diffusa negli USA. L'immagine del "crogiolo" associata agli statunitensi fu impiegata per la prima volta dal drammaturgo Israel Zangwill nell'opera Melting Pot, pubblicata nel 1908. (it) 인종의 용광로 또는 멜팅 팟 이론(영어: melting pot)은 다양한 문화를 가진 사람들이 섞여 하나의 동질한 문화를 만들어가는 것을 의미한다. 역사적으로는 주로 미국의 경우에 많이 사용되었는데, 이는 미국으로 수많은 이주민과 외국인들이 서로 모여 단일한 공통적 문화를 만들어가던 현상을 설명하기 위해 사용되었던 것이다. 다만 현재의 미국은 다양한 문화들이 서로 섞여 조화를 이루되 각자의 문화를 보존하는 '샐러드 그릇' 이론에 더 가까운 정책을 펼치고 있고, 세계적인 추세도 각자의 문화를 인정해주며 공존하는 방향으로 향하고 있기에, 용광로 이론을 현대 사회에 그대로 적용하기에는 무리가 있다. 서로 다른 것들을 녹여 단일한 무언가를 만들어낸다는 개념은 1780년대에 처음으로 쓰이기 시작하였고, 1908년 이스라엘 장윌의 연극 '용광로'에서 그 이름을 따와서 본격적으로 '용광로 이론'이라는 이름으로 불리게 되었다. 이는 서로 다른 국적, 문화, 가치관들을 가진 사람들이 19세기에 아메리칸 드림을 기대하며 미국으로 몰려와 모여있는 상태를 설명하기에 유용했기에, 얼마 지나지 않아 사회에서 공공연히 쓰이게 되었다. (ko) Crisol de raças (em inglês: melting pot), também chamado de caldeirão de raças ou de culturas, é uma metáfora para uma sociedade heterogênea que se torna mais homogênea, quando seus diferentes elementos "derretem juntos" em um todo harmonioso, com uma cultura comum; ou vice-versa, quando uma sociedade homogênea torna-se mais heterogênea através do afluxo de componentes estranhos com diferentes origens culturais e com um potencial de criação de desarmonia com a cultura anterior. Historicamente, o termo é muitas vezes usado para descrever a assimilação de imigrantes para os Estados Unidos. A metáfora melting pot foi usada pela primeira vez por volta de 1780. O termo exato "melting pot" entrou em uso geral nos Estados Unidos depois de ter sido usado como uma metáfora que descreve uma fusão d (pt) Een smeltkroes is een vermenging van culturen tot een aparte (sub-)cultuur. Het begrip stamt uit de Verenigde Staten, waar in de steden een aparte cultuur ontstond uit de vele culturen van immigranten en subculturen. Voor multi- en geldt het als ideaal. Een melting pot ontstaat in een multiculturele samenleving. De culturen van etnische minderheid vermengden zich met de hoofdcultuur in het land. Hierdoor zal het land één cultuur gaan kennen die grotendeels gevormd is uit deze cultuur. Deze cultuur verandert doorlopend door de instroom van nieuwe immigranten en tal van interne culturele processen. Het is echter geen Amerikaans verschijnsel alleen. (nl) En degel är en eldfast behållare som bland annat används inom kemi och metallhantering. Den är tillverkad av till exempel järn eller speciellt porslin och används för att smälta eller transportera ämnen vid hög temperatur, till exempel vid kemiska försök eller vid gjutning av metaller. Bildligt används smältdegel om situationer där folk och folkslag, idéer, företeelser och liknande blandas: till exempel Denna folkens smältdegel (som detta land utgör), karaktärsutvecklingens smältdegel. (sv) |
| rdfs:label | قدر صهر (ar) Gresol de cultures (ca) Melting pot (cs) Schmelztiegel (de) Fandopoto (eo) Crisol de culturas (es) Kuali peleburan (in) Melting pot (fr) Melting pot (it) 人種のるつぼ (ja) 인종의 용광로 (ko) Melting pot (en) Smeltkroes (sociologie) (nl) Tygiel narodów (pl) Плавильный котёл (ru) Crisol de raças (pt) Smältdegel (sv) 大熔炉 (zh) |
| rdfs:seeAlso | dbr:La_Raza_Cósmica |
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