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Nathaniel Crew, 3rd Baron Crew (31 January 1633 – 18 September 1721) was Bishop of Oxford from 1671 to 1674, then Bishop of Durham from 1674 to 1721. As such he was one of the longest-serving bishops of the Church of England. Crew was the son of John Crew, 1st Baron Crew and a grandson of Thomas Crewe, Speaker of the House of Commons. He was educated at Lincoln College, Oxford; ordained deacon and priest on the same day in Lent 1665; and appointed Rector of the college in 1668. He became dean and precentor of Chichester on 29 April 1669, Clerk of the Closet to Charles II shortly afterwards (holding that post until the Glorious Revolution in December 1688). He was elected Bishop of Oxford in April 1671 and Bishop of Durham on 18 August 1674. He owed his rapid promotions to the Duke of York (later James VII & II), whose favour he had gained by secretly encouraging the duke's interest in the Roman Catholic Church. Crew baptised the Duke's daughter Princess Catherine in 1675 and was made a Privy Counsellor on 26 April 1676 He was present at the crucial Privy Council meeting in October 1678 where Titus Oates first revealed his great fabrication, the Popish Plot. After the accession of James II, Crew was also appointed Dean of the Chapel Royal on 28 December 1685, staying in post until 1688. He was part of the ecclesiastical commission of 1686, which suspended Henry Compton, Bishop of London (for refusing to suspend John Sharp, then rector of St Giles's-in-the-Fields, whose anti-papal writings had rendered him obnoxious to the king) and Crew shared the administration of the see of London with Thomas Sprat, Bishop of Rochester. On the decline of King James's power, Crew dissociated himself from the court, and made a bid for the favour of William III's new government by voting for the motion that James had abdicated. He was excepted from the general pardon of 1690, but afterwards was allowed to retain his see. His tenure as Bishop of Durham saw the first two new parishes to be erected in England since the Reformation. These were at Stockton-on-Tees in 1712 and Sunderland. The Church of the Holy Trinity in Sunderland, now redundant, was the base for responsible local government in the growing port town for the first time since the Borough of Sunderland, created by the Bishops of Durham, was crushed by Oliver Cromwell in the English Civil War. From 1681 to 1688 Crew lived at 43 King Street, Covent Garden. He died in 1721. Crew had married twice: firstly to Penelope Frowde on 21 December 1691; then, after Penelope's death in 1699, secondly to Dorothy Forster on 23 July 1700. Dorothy died in 1715. In 1697, Crew succeeded his brother Thomas as the 3rd Baron Crew, but had no children and thus the barony became extinct upon his death. (en) Nathaniel Crew, 3e baron Crew (31 janvier 1633-18 septembre 1721) est évêque d'Oxford de 1671 à 1674, puis évêque de Durham de 1674 à 1721. En tant que tel, il est l'un des évêques de l'Église d'Angleterre ayant servi le plus longtemps. (fr) Nathaniel Crew, terzo barone Crew (31 gennaio 1633 – 1721), fu vescovo di Oxford dal 1671 al 1674 e vescovo di Durham dal 1674 al 1721. Fu uno dei più longevi vescovi che servirono la Chiesa d'Inghilterra. Nathaniel era figlio di e nipote di Sir , presidente della Camera dei Comuni. Fu educato al Lincoln College, di Oxford e fu nominato rettore della scuola nel 1668. Divenne decano di Chichester nel 1669, Maestro del Guardaroba di Carlo II poco tempo dopo, vescovo di Oxford nel 1671 e vescovo di Durham nel 1674. Dovette le sue rapide promozioni a Giacomo, duca di York, del quale si era guadagnato il favore incoraggiando segretamente gli interessi del duca per la religione cattolica romana. Dopo l'ascesa al trono di Giacomo II, Crew ricevette anche il decanato della Cappella reale. Fece parte della commissione ecclesiastica del 1686, che sospese Henry Compton, vescovo di Londra (quest'ultimo aveva rifiutato di sospendere a sua volta John Sharp, arcivescovo di York, i cui scritti anti-papali erano risultati fastidiosi per il re) e ricevette la gestione condivisa della diocesi di Londra con , vescovo di Rochester. Al declino del potere di re Giacomo, Crew si dissociò dalla vita di corte e fece un'offerta a favore del nuovo governo di Guglielmo III votando per l'abdicazione di Giacomo II. Fu escluso dal perdono generale del 1690, ma successivamente gli fu consentito di mantenere la sua sede. Lasciò grandi possedimenti devoluti per opere di carità e la sua beneficenza nei confronti del Lincoln College e dell'università di Oxford è commemorata nell'annuale orazione di Crew. Nel 1697 Nathaniel succedette a suo fratello Thomas come terzo baronetto Crew, ma la baronia si estinse dopo la sua morte. (it) |
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Dr. Crew did make a very pretty, neat, sober, honest sermon; and delivered it very readily, decently, and gravely, beyond his years: so as I was exceedingly taken with it, and I believe the whole chappell, he being but young; but his manner of his delivery I do like exceedingly. (en) |
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Nathaniel Crew, 3e baron Crew (31 janvier 1633-18 septembre 1721) est évêque d'Oxford de 1671 à 1674, puis évêque de Durham de 1674 à 1721. En tant que tel, il est l'un des évêques de l'Église d'Angleterre ayant servi le plus longtemps. (fr) Nathaniel Crew, 3rd Baron Crew (31 January 1633 – 18 September 1721) was Bishop of Oxford from 1671 to 1674, then Bishop of Durham from 1674 to 1721. As such he was one of the longest-serving bishops of the Church of England. (en) Nathaniel Crew, terzo barone Crew (31 gennaio 1633 – 1721), fu vescovo di Oxford dal 1671 al 1674 e vescovo di Durham dal 1674 al 1721. Fu uno dei più longevi vescovi che servirono la Chiesa d'Inghilterra. Lasciò grandi possedimenti devoluti per opere di carità e la sua beneficenza nei confronti del Lincoln College e dell'università di Oxford è commemorata nell'annuale orazione di Crew. Nel 1697 Nathaniel succedette a suo fratello Thomas come terzo baronetto Crew, ma la baronia si estinse dopo la sua morte. (it) |
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Nathaniel Crew (3e baron Crew) (fr) Nathaniel Crew, III barone di Crew (it) Nathaniel Crew, 3rd Baron Crew (en) |
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