Operation Tracer (original) (raw)
L'operazione Tracer fu un'operazione militare di tipo "stay-behind" che avrebbe avuto seguito solo in caso di invasione da parte delle Potenze dell'Asse a Gibilterra, una colonia e base militare appartenente alla Gran Bretagna, durante la seconda guerra mondiale.
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| dbo:abstract | L’opération Tracer était une opération militaire britannique ultra secrète de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, basée à Gibraltar, alors colonie britannique et base militaire. L'origine de cette opération venait du plan allemand pour envahir Gibraltar en 1940, connu sous le nom de code d’opération Felix. L’opération Tracer fut conçu par le contre-amiral John Henry Godfrey, le directeur de la de l'Amirauté britannique. En 1941, il décida de créer un poste d'observation secret à Gibraltar qui resterait opérationnel même si Gibraltar tombait à l'ennemi. Depuis cette installation, les mouvements des navires ennemis seraient signalés au Royaume-Uni. Godfrey demanda l'aide de plusieurs consultants éminents pour mettre le plan sur pied. Le plan était si secret que Godfrey tenait des réunions avec ses conseillers dans sa résidence privée plutôt qu’à Whitehall. La décision fut prise de construire l'installation en utilisant le système de tunnel existant pour l’, l'abri militaire souterrain juste au nord de la (en). La batterie d'artillerie était localisée sur l'arête supérieure du Rocher de Gibraltar, près de l'extrémité sud de ce qui est maintenant la réserve naturelle d’Upper Rock. La construction de l'installation souterraine commença à la fin de 1941 et fut achevée à la fin de l'été 1942. Les salles servaient de poste d'observation double, avec une fente d'observation surplombant la baie de Gibraltar et une plus grande ouverture sur la mer Méditerranée. Six hommes furent sélectionnés pour l'opération : un chef, deux médecins et trois opérateurs radio. Les six hommes s'étaient portés volontaires pour être emmurés à l'intérieur de la grotte si Gibraltar devrait tomber aux mains des puissances de l'Axe. Les hommes savaient qu'ils resteraient enfermés dans l’installation souterraine durant environ un an mais que cela pourrait être beaucoup plus long. Des provisions pour un séjour de sept ans furent rassemblées dans le complexe. Cependant, le plan ne fut jamais activé. Le directeur du renseignement naval ordonna que les provisions du complexe soient distribuées et que la grotte soit murée. Des rumeurs d’un complexe secret, finalement baptisé la grotte stay-behind, circulaient depuis des décennies à Gibraltar, jusqu'à la découverte du complexe en 1997 par le . L'authenticité du site fut confirmée par l'un des constructeurs en 1998, et dix ans plus tard par l'un des médecins. Ce médecin, le dernier membre survivant de l'équipe Tracer, décéda en 2010. (fr) Operation Tracer was a secret Second World War military operation in Gibraltar, a British Overseas Territory and military base. The impetus for the plan was the 1940 scheme by Germany to capture Gibraltar, code-named Operation Felix. Operation Tracer was the brainchild of Rear Admiral John Henry Godfrey, the Director of the Naval Intelligence Division of the Admiralty. In 1941, Godfrey decided to establish a covert observation post at Gibraltar, that would remain operational even if Gibraltar fell to the Axis powers. Movements of enemy vessels would be reported to the United Kingdom. Godfrey requested the assistance of several distinguished consultants to bring the plan to fruition. The plan was so secret that Godfrey held meetings with his consultants at his private residence rather than at Whitehall. The decision was made to construct the post using the tunnel system for Lord Airey's Shelter, the underground military headquarters just north of Lord Airey's Battery. The artillery battery was located at the upper ridge of the Rock of Gibraltar, near the southern end of what is now the Upper Rock Nature Reserve. Construction began in late 1941 and was complete by the late summer 1942. The chambers served as a dual observation post, with an observation slit overlooking the Bay of Gibraltar and a larger aperture over the Mediterranean Sea. Six men were selected for the operation, an executive officer as leader, two physicians and three wireless operators. The men had volunteered to be sealed inside the cave should Gibraltar fall to the Axis. The men understood that they would remain sealed in the cave for about a year, although it could be much longer and provisions for a seven-year stay were stored. The plan was aborted and the Director of Naval Intelligence ordered that the provisions in the complex be distributed and the cave sealed. Rumours of a secret complex, eventually dubbed Stay Behind Cave, circulated for decades in Gibraltar, until discovery of the chambers in 1997 by the Gibraltar Caving Group. The authenticity of the site was confirmed by one of the builders in 1998 and a decade later by one of the physicians, the last surviving member of the Tracer team, who died in 2010. (en) L'operazione Tracer fu un'operazione militare di tipo "stay-behind" che avrebbe avuto seguito solo in caso di invasione da parte delle Potenze dell'Asse a Gibilterra, una colonia e base militare appartenente alla Gran Bretagna, durante la seconda guerra mondiale. (it) |
| dbo:buildingEndDate | 1941–1942 |
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| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Operation_Tracer_main_room.png?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv=fq69bJMVYiQ |
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| dbp:built | 1941 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:caption | Main room of Operation Tracer's Stay Behind Cave (en) View over the Bay of Gibraltar through observation slit at west observation post of Operation Tracer (en) |
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| dbp:location | dbr:Gibraltar dbr:Upper_Rock_Nature_Reserve |
| dbp:mapCaption | Location of Operation Tracer's Stay Behind Cave in Gibraltar, at the tunnel system for Lord Airey's Shelter (en) |
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| dbp:mapType | Gibraltar (en) |
| dbp:name | Operation Tracer (en) |
| dbp:nativeName | Stay Behind Cave (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | L'operazione Tracer fu un'operazione militare di tipo "stay-behind" che avrebbe avuto seguito solo in caso di invasione da parte delle Potenze dell'Asse a Gibilterra, una colonia e base militare appartenente alla Gran Bretagna, durante la seconda guerra mondiale. (it) Operation Tracer was a secret Second World War military operation in Gibraltar, a British Overseas Territory and military base. The impetus for the plan was the 1940 scheme by Germany to capture Gibraltar, code-named Operation Felix. Operation Tracer was the brainchild of Rear Admiral John Henry Godfrey, the Director of the Naval Intelligence Division of the Admiralty. (en) L’opération Tracer était une opération militaire britannique ultra secrète de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, basée à Gibraltar, alors colonie britannique et base militaire. L'origine de cette opération venait du plan allemand pour envahir Gibraltar en 1940, connu sous le nom de code d’opération Felix. L’opération Tracer fut conçu par le contre-amiral John Henry Godfrey, le directeur de la de l'Amirauté britannique. En 1941, il décida de créer un poste d'observation secret à Gibraltar qui resterait opérationnel même si Gibraltar tombait à l'ennemi. Depuis cette installation, les mouvements des navires ennemis seraient signalés au Royaume-Uni. Godfrey demanda l'aide de plusieurs consultants éminents pour mettre le plan sur pied. Le plan était si secret que Godfrey tenait des réunions avec ses (fr) |
| rdfs:label | Opération Tracer (fr) Operazione Tracer (it) Operation Tracer (en) |
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| geo:long | -5.343200 (xsd:float) |
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| foaf:name | Operation Tracer (en) Stay Behind Cave (en) |
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