Prince of Wales College (original) (raw)

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Le Collège Prince of Wales (Prince of Wales College) (PWC) est un ancien collège universitaire, qui était situé à Charlottetown, Île-du-Prince-Édouard, Canada. PWC fut fusionné avec l'Université Saint Dunstan en 1969 pour créer l'Université de l'Île-du-Prince-Édouard. PWC trace son histoire depuis 1804 quand un terrain fut réservé par le lieutenant-gouverneur Edmund Fanning pour un collège - le premier de la colonie. En 1821, une école de district appelée l'École Nationale ouvrit sur un site situé à la rue Kent dans l'est de Charlottetown. En 1835, Central Academy ouvrit sur un site le long de la rue Grafton, immédiatement au sud de l'École Nationale. L'École Nationale fermât au début des années 1850 et l'École Normale provinciale de formation des enseignants ouvrit ses portes en 1856. En 1860, le Central Academy fut modernisé et renommé le Collège Prince of Wales (PWC) en honneur de la visite dans la colonie du Prince de Galles (Prince of Wales), qui deviendrait le Roi Édouard VII. En 1879, PWC devint mixte et l'École Normale fut fusionnée dans l'institution. Un agrandissement significatif eut lieu à la fin des années 1920 et au début des années 1930 quand un nouveau campus en briques et pierres fut bâti sur le site original du campus PWC. Ferdinand Herbert Marani, architecte chez Marani & Paisley conçut le nouveau campus qui ouvrit en 1932. PWC restât un collège non dénominationnel qui donnait une éducation comparable aux collèges du Québec d'aujourd'hui, comme l'examen d'aptitude à l'enseignement supérieur, et une ou plusieurs années d'université. Ce fut le caractère non dénominationnel du Collège Prince of Wales qui conduisit de nombreux catholiques à qualifier l'école de "protestante". De nombreuses femmes catholiques fréquentèrent le Collège malgré cette réputation, car elles étaient interdites d'entrée à l'Université Saint Dunstan qui était réservée aux hommes. Ce fut seulement en 1965 que le gouvernement provincial établit une charte permettant au Collège Prince of Wales de délivrer des diplômes, et les premiers diplômes de Baccalauréat universitaire furent attribués au printemps 1969. PWC eut plusieurs administrateurs de grande importance pour le corps enseignant de l'Île-du-Prince-Édouard : * Dr Alexander Anderson fut professeur (1862–1868) et principal de PWC (1868–1901) ; il influença plusieurs insulaires, comme Lucy Maud Montgomery. * Dr Samuel Napier Robertson (1869–1937) fut professeur et devint principal de PWC (1901-1937) quand Anderson devint membre de la fonction publique provinciale. * Dr Frank MacKinnon fut professeur (1919–1937) et fut le dernier principal de PWC quand l'institution fut dissoute en 1969. PWC imposait des standards académiques élevés à ses étudiants et, dans les années 1910, l'Université McGill entama des pourparlers pour intégrer PWC comme son équivalent de la côte atlantique à l'Université de Victoria, que McGill avait aussi aidé à s'établir et à se développer. Un schéma directeur prévoyait de quadrupler la taille du campus de PWC de la rue Grafton, pour y inclure presque toute la partie est du centre-ville de la Charlottetown actuelle; le campus projeté de PWC-McGill devait être construit entre les rues Grafton, Prince, Kent et Edward dans un développement massif de la communauté. Les plans ne se réalisèrent pas, et à partir des années 1960 le gouvernement provincial lança une étude critique sur les institutions d'éducation post-secondaire (PWC et SDU), dont la conclusion prônait de les fusionner pour créer une université provinciale, qui servirait le modèle de fonctionnement et de financement pour les futurs étudiants. La fusion causa des controverses, car les émotions étaient fortes de la part des défenseurs des deux institutions, cependant, en mai 1969, les dernières classes de PWC et SDU obtinrent leurs diplômes, et les institutions furent fusionnées dans l'Université de l'Île-du-Prince-Édouard qui fut ouverte pour la première fois en septembre 1969 sur l'ancien campus de SDU. Le campus de PWC de la rue Grafton fut repris par le gouvernement provincial et devint le campus de Charlottetown pour le nouveau collège communautaire provincial nommé Collège Holland. (fr)
Prince of Wales College (PWC) is a former university college, which was located in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada. PWC merged with St. Dunstan's University in 1969 to form the University of Prince Edward Island. PWC traces its history to 1804 when land was set aside by Lieutenant-Governor Edmund Fanning for a college - the colony's first. In 1821 a district school called the National School opened on the site located on Kent Street in the east end of Charlottetown. In 1835 Central Academy opened on a site along Grafton Street, immediately south of the National School. The National School closed in the early 1850s and the provincial Normal School for training teachers opened on the site in 1856. In 1860 the Central Academy was upgraded and renamed Prince of Wales College (PWC) in honour of a visit to the colony that year by the Prince of Wales, later to become King Edward VII. In 1879, PWC became co-educational and the Normal School was merged into the institution. A significant expansion took place in the late 1920s and early 1930s when a new brick and stone campus was constructed on the site of the original PWC campus. Ferdinand Herbert Marani, an architect with Marani & Paisley designed the new PWC campus which opened in 1932. PWC remained a non-denominational or inter-denominational college which served to provide an education comparable to the present-day colleges in Quebec, namely senior matriculation and one or several years of university. It was the non-denominational character of PWC which led many of Island Roman Catholics to label the school as being "Protestant". Many Catholic women attended PWC despite this label because they were barred from attending St. Dunstan's University which was male-only. It was not until 1965 that the provincial government granted PWC a degree-granting charter and the only Bachelor's degrees from PWC were awarded in the spring 1969 convocation. PWC had several administrators who proved their importance to Prince Edward Island's education profession: * Dr. Alexander Anderson served as professor 1862–1868 and principal of PWC from 1868–1901, having influenced many islanders, including Lucy Maud Montgomery. * Dr. Samuel Napier Robertson served as professor and took over as principal of PWC following Anderson's move into the provincial civil service, serving in that role from 1901 to 1937. * G. Douglas Steel, a Harvard graduate would be on faculty for 40 years and served from 1937 to 1949 as principal. * Dr. Frank MacKinnon being invited back to the Island in 1949 at the age of 30, he took on the role of principal until he resigned in 1968, amid an effort by government to amalgamate the college with St. Dunstan's University. Sixteen other PWC faculty resigned soon after. * Thomas M. Lothian a biology professor became interim principal from 1968 until its dissolution in 1969. PWC held high academic standards for its students and as early as the 1910s, McGill University entered into talks related to integrating PWC as its Atlantic coast counterpart to the University of Victoria, which McGill had also helped to establish and nurture. Master plans had called for quadrupling the size of the PWC Grafton Street campus to encompass most of what is now the eastern end of downtown Charlottetown with the proposed PWC-McGill campus being built along the area bounded by Grafton, Prince, Kent, and Edward Streets in a massive redevelopment of the community. The plans did not come to fruition and by the 1960s, the provincial government began a critical study of its post-secondary education institutions (PWC and SDU), concluding that a merger to form a provincial university was the desired funding and service model for future students. The merger was not without controversy as emotions ran their course on the part of supporters of both institutions, however, in May 1969 the last classes graduated from PWC and SDU and the institutions were merged into the University of Prince Edward Island which opened for the first time in September 1969 on the now-former SDU campus. The PWC campus on Grafton Street was taken over by the provincial government and became part of UPEI during the early period of amalgamation. By the early 1970s it was the Charlottetown campus of a new provincial community college named Holland College. (en)

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Prince of Wales College campus on Grafton Street in Charlottetown's east end. It is now known as the "Prince of Wales Campus" for the province's community college system, Holland College. (en)

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Prince of Wales College (en)
Collège Prince of Wales (fr)

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