Reversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization (original) (raw)
Die sogenannte RAFT-Polymerisation oder reversible-addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization (‚Reversible Additions-Fragmentierungs Kettenübertragungspolymerisation‘) ist eine spezielle Form der kontrollierten radikalischen Polymerisation. RAFT wurde erstmals 1998 von der Arbeitsgruppe um Ezio Rizzardo (CSIRO) beschrieben (beteiligt waren auch unter anderem Graeme Moad, San Thang) aufbauend auf Arbeiten von (Paris).
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| dbo:abstract | Die sogenannte RAFT-Polymerisation oder reversible-addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization (‚Reversible Additions-Fragmentierungs Kettenübertragungspolymerisation‘) ist eine spezielle Form der kontrollierten radikalischen Polymerisation. RAFT wurde erstmals 1998 von der Arbeitsgruppe um Ezio Rizzardo (CSIRO) beschrieben (beteiligt waren auch unter anderem Graeme Moad, San Thang) aufbauend auf Arbeiten von (Paris). (de) La polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée par transfert de chaîne réversible par addition-fragmentation (en anglais Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT)) est une technique de polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée découverte en 1998 grâce à une collaboration entre la société DuPont et l'équipe du CSIRO dirigée par le Pr. Ezio Rizzardo. Au même titre que la polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée par transfert d'atome (en anglais Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP)) et la polymérisation radicalaire en présence de nitroxydes (en anglais Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization (NMP)), la polymérisation de type RAFT permet de synthétiser des polymères d'architecture contrôlée (polymères à blocs, étoiles, peignes, etc) de faible polydispersité et de haute fonctionnalité. Les applications de ces polymères sont, parmi d'autres, l'encapsulation de principes actifs de médicaments, la production de revêtements et peintures de nouvelle génération, la microfluidique, les tensioactifs, les adhésifs et les membranes. (fr) Reversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer or RAFT polymerization is one of several kinds of reversible-deactivation radical polymerization. It makes use of a chain-transfer agent in the form of a thiocarbonylthio compound (or similar, from here on referred to as a RAFT agent, see Figure 1) to afford control over the generated molecular weight and polydispersity during a free-radical polymerization. Discovered at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) of Australia in 1998, RAFT polymerization is one of several living or controlled radical polymerization techniques, others being atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP), etc. RAFT polymerization uses thiocarbonylthio compounds, such as dithioesters, thiocarbamates, and xanthates, to mediate the polymerization via a reversible chain-transfer process. As with other controlled radical polymerization techniques, RAFT polymerizations can be performed with conditions to favor low dispersity (molecular weight distribution) and a pre-chosen molecular weight. RAFT polymerization can be used to design polymers of complex architectures, such as linear block copolymers, comb-like, star, brush polymers, dendrimers and cross-linked networks. IUPAC definition Reversible-addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization (RAFT polymerization, RAFT):Degenerate-transfer radical polymerization in which chain activation and chain deactivation involve a degenerative chain-transfer process which occurs by a two-step addition-fragmentation mechanism.Note 1: Examples of RAFT agents include certain dithioesters, trithiocarbonates, xanthates(dithiocarbonates), and dithiocarbamates. Note 2: RAFT with xanthates is also known as MADIX (macromolecular design by interchange of xanthate). (en) 可逆加成断裂链转移（英語：Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer，简称：RAFT）是活性/可控自由基聚合（CRP）的一种。另外还有iniferter，NMP，ATRP,IPT,SETRP等。在RAFT反应中，通常加入双硫酯衍生物SC(Z)S—R作为链转移试剂。聚合中它与增长链自由基Pn·形成休眠的中间体(SC(Z)S—Pn)，限制了增长链自由基之间的不可逆双基终止副反应，使聚合反应得以有效控制。这种休眠的中间体可自身裂解，从对应的硫原子上再释放出新的活性自由基R·，结合单体形成增长链，加成或断裂的速率要比链增长的速率快得多，双硫酯衍生物在活性自由基与休眠自由基之间迅速转移，使分子量分布变窄，从而使聚合体现可控/“活性”特征。 (zh) |
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| dbp:quote | Reversible-addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization : Degenerate-transfer radical polymerization in which chain activation and chain deactivation involve a degenerative chain-transfer process which occurs by a two-step addition-fragmentation mechanism. Note 1: Examples of RAFT agents include certain dithioesters, trithiocarbonates, xanthates , and dithiocarbamates. Note 2: RAFT with xanthates is also known as MADIX . (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Die sogenannte RAFT-Polymerisation oder reversible-addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization (‚Reversible Additions-Fragmentierungs Kettenübertragungspolymerisation‘) ist eine spezielle Form der kontrollierten radikalischen Polymerisation. RAFT wurde erstmals 1998 von der Arbeitsgruppe um Ezio Rizzardo (CSIRO) beschrieben (beteiligt waren auch unter anderem Graeme Moad, San Thang) aufbauend auf Arbeiten von (Paris). (de) 可逆加成断裂链转移（英語：Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer，简称：RAFT）是活性/可控自由基聚合（CRP）的一种。另外还有iniferter，NMP，ATRP,IPT,SETRP等。在RAFT反应中，通常加入双硫酯衍生物SC(Z)S—R作为链转移试剂。聚合中它与增长链自由基Pn·形成休眠的中间体(SC(Z)S—Pn)，限制了增长链自由基之间的不可逆双基终止副反应，使聚合反应得以有效控制。这种休眠的中间体可自身裂解，从对应的硫原子上再释放出新的活性自由基R·，结合单体形成增长链，加成或断裂的速率要比链增长的速率快得多，双硫酯衍生物在活性自由基与休眠自由基之间迅速转移，使分子量分布变窄，从而使聚合体现可控/“活性”特征。 (zh) La polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée par transfert de chaîne réversible par addition-fragmentation (en anglais Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT)) est une technique de polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée découverte en 1998 grâce à une collaboration entre la société DuPont et l'équipe du CSIRO dirigée par le Pr. Ezio Rizzardo. (fr) Reversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer or RAFT polymerization is one of several kinds of reversible-deactivation radical polymerization. It makes use of a chain-transfer agent in the form of a thiocarbonylthio compound (or similar, from here on referred to as a RAFT agent, see Figure 1) to afford control over the generated molecular weight and polydispersity during a free-radical polymerization. Discovered at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) of Australia in 1998, RAFT polymerization is one of several living or controlled radical polymerization techniques, others being atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP), etc. RAFT polymerization uses thiocarbonylthio compounds, such as dithioesters, thioca (en) |
| rdfs:label | RAFT-Polymerisation (de) Polymérisation RAFT (fr) Reversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization (en) 可逆加成断裂链转移 (zh) |
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