SPHERES (original) (raw)
Con il termine SPHERES si intende una particolare famiglia di piccoli satelliti artificiali caratterizzati dalla compattezza, progettati dai MIT essenzialmente per scopi educativi. Gli SPHERES sono utilizzati per scopi sperimentali/didattici all'interno della Stazione Spaziale Internazionale. Sono utilizzati nella gara internazionale di robotica aerospaziale Zero Robotics.
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| dbo:abstract | The Synchronized Position Hold Engage and Reorient Experimental Satellite (SPHERES) are a series of miniaturized satellites developed by MIT's Space Systems Laboratory for NASA and US Military, to be used as a low-risk, extensible test bed for the development of metrology, formation flight, rendezvous, docking and autonomy algorithms that are critical for future space missions that use distributed spacecraft architecture, such as Terrestrial Planet Finder and Orbital Express. Each SPHERES satellite is an 18-sided polyhedron, with a mass of about 4.1 kg and a diameter of about 21 cm. They can be used in the International Space Station as well as in ground-based laboratories, but not in the vacuum of space. The battery-powered, self-contained units can operate semi-autonomously, using CO2-based cold-gas thrusters for movement and a series of ultrasonic beacons for orientation. The satellites can communicate with each other and with a control station wirelessly. The built-in features of the satellites can be extended using an expansion port. From 2006, three SPHERES units are being used in the International Space Station for a variety of experiments. The SPHERES Guest Scientist Program allow scientists to conduct new science experiments using SPHERES units, and the Zero Robotics Program allow students to participate in annual competitions that involve developing software to control SPHERES units. The SPHERES program is expected to continue until 2017, and possibly further. The SPHERES project lead to a newer project called . (en) SPHERES, acronyme de Synchronized Position Hold Engage and Reorient Experimental Satellite, sont une série de satellites miniaturisés développés par le Space Systems Laboratory du MIT pour le compte de la NASA et de l'armée américaine, pour être utilisés comme un banc d'essai extensible et à faible risque pour le développement d’algorithmes de métrologie, de formation de vol, de rendez-vous, d’amarrage et de décision autonome qui sont essentiels pour les futures missions spatiales qui utiliseront une architecture de vaisseau spatial distribué, comme le Terrestrial Planet Finder et Orbital Express. Chacun des satellites SPHERES est un polyèdre de 18 faces, ayant une masse d'environ 4,16 kg et d'un diamètre de 22,9 cm. Ils peuvent être utilisés dans la Station spatiale internationale ainsi que dans les laboratoires terrestres, mais pas dans le vide de l'espace. Les unités peuvent fonctionner de manière semi-autonome, à l'aide de propulseurs alimentés par des cartouche de gaz CO2 pour le mouvement et une série de balises à ultrasons pour l'orientation. Les satellites peuvent communiquer les uns avec les autres et avec la station de contrôle sans fil. Les fonctionnalités des satellites peuvent être étendues à l'aide d'un port d'extension. À partir de 2006, les trois satellites SPHERES sont utilisés dans la Station spatiale internationale sur une variété d'expériences. Le programme Chercheur invité SPHERES permet aux scientifiques de mener de nouvelles expériences scientifiques à l'aide des unités SPHERES, et le programme Zero Robotics du MIT permet à des étudiants de participer à des concours annuels qui impliquent le développement de logiciels de contrôle pour les SPHERES.Le programme SPHERES doit se poursuivre au moins jusqu'en 2019 date à laquelle il serait remplacé par le robot Astrobee. (fr) Con il termine SPHERES si intende una particolare famiglia di piccoli satelliti artificiali caratterizzati dalla compattezza, progettati dai MIT essenzialmente per scopi educativi. Gli SPHERES sono utilizzati per scopi sperimentali/didattici all'interno della Stazione Spaziale Internazionale. Sono utilizzati nella gara internazionale di robotica aerospaziale Zero Robotics. (it) |
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| rdfs:comment | Con il termine SPHERES si intende una particolare famiglia di piccoli satelliti artificiali caratterizzati dalla compattezza, progettati dai MIT essenzialmente per scopi educativi. Gli SPHERES sono utilizzati per scopi sperimentali/didattici all'interno della Stazione Spaziale Internazionale. Sono utilizzati nella gara internazionale di robotica aerospaziale Zero Robotics. (it) The Synchronized Position Hold Engage and Reorient Experimental Satellite (SPHERES) are a series of miniaturized satellites developed by MIT's Space Systems Laboratory for NASA and US Military, to be used as a low-risk, extensible test bed for the development of metrology, formation flight, rendezvous, docking and autonomy algorithms that are critical for future space missions that use distributed spacecraft architecture, such as Terrestrial Planet Finder and Orbital Express. The SPHERES program is expected to continue until 2017, and possibly further. (en) SPHERES, acronyme de Synchronized Position Hold Engage and Reorient Experimental Satellite, sont une série de satellites miniaturisés développés par le Space Systems Laboratory du MIT pour le compte de la NASA et de l'armée américaine, pour être utilisés comme un banc d'essai extensible et à faible risque pour le développement d’algorithmes de métrologie, de formation de vol, de rendez-vous, d’amarrage et de décision autonome qui sont essentiels pour les futures missions spatiales qui utiliseront une architecture de vaisseau spatial distribué, comme le Terrestrial Planet Finder et Orbital Express. (fr) |
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