Satosi Watanabe (original) (raw)
Satosi Watanabe (渡辺 慧, Watanabe Satosi, 26 May 1910 – 15 October 1993) was a theoretical physicist. He studied various topics, such as the time reversal of quantum mechanics, pattern recognition, cognitive science, and the concept of time. He was the first physicist who claimed that quantum probability theory is time-asymmetric (irreversible; non-invariant under time reversal), and reject the conventional analysis of the time reversal of probability laws. He developed the Double Inferential Vector Formalism (DIVF), later known as the Two-state vector formalism (TSVF), which is sometimes interpreted as contradicting his claim of time-asymmetry, but this is a misunderstanding. He also proposed the Ugly duckling theorem.
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| dbo:abstract | Satoshi Watanabe, auch Satosi Watanabe, (* 26. Mai 1910 in Tokio; † 15. Oktober 1993 ebenda) war ein japanischer Physiker und Wissenschaftsphilosoph. Watanabe studierte Physik an der Kaiserlichen Universität Tokio bei Torahiko Terada mit dem Abschluss 1933 und ging dann nach Paris zu Louis de Broglie, bei dem er 1935 promovierte, und nach Leipzig zu Werner Heisenberg, bei dem er über Kernphysik forschte und veröffentlichte. Mit Ausbruch des Zweiten Weltkriegs kehrte er 1939 über Kopenhagen, wo er bei Niels Bohr war, nach Japan zurück. Er war Professor an der Universität Rikkyo, ging aber 1950 in die USA, wo er ab 1956 am IBM Forschungszentrum in Yorktown Heights war. Er befasste sich unter anderem mit Mustererkennung und Informationstheorie. Von ihm stammt eine später Zwei-Zustandsvektor-Formalismus (two-state vector formalism, TSVF) genannte Formulierung der Quantenmechanik. Nach Watanabes von der Mehrheit der Physiker nicht geteilten Meinung war die übliche Formulierung der Quantenmechanik nicht Zeitumkehr-invariant. Er führte deshalb einen zweiten Zustandsvektor ein, der von Randbedingungen in der Zukunft sich rückwärts in der Zeit entwickelt, zusätzlich zum üblichen Zustandsvektor mit Entwicklung vorwärts in der Zeit. Die Theorie wurde 1964 von Peter Bergmann, Yakir Aharonov und Joel Lebowitz wiederentdeckt und Zwei-Zustandsvektor-Formalismus genannt. Schon in seiner Zeit bei Louis de Broglie in Paris befasste er sich mit dem Verhältnis des Zweiten Hauptsatzes der Thermodynamik und Quantenmechanik, dem Thema seiner Dissertation, in der er Ideen von John von Neumann ausbaut. In der Mustererkennung stammt das Ugly-Duckling-Theorem von ihm. (de) Satosi Watanabe (渡辺 慧, Watanabe Satosi, 26 May 1910 – 15 October 1993) was a theoretical physicist. He studied various topics, such as the time reversal of quantum mechanics, pattern recognition, cognitive science, and the concept of time. He was the first physicist who claimed that quantum probability theory is time-asymmetric (irreversible; non-invariant under time reversal), and reject the conventional analysis of the time reversal of probability laws. He developed the Double Inferential Vector Formalism (DIVF), later known as the Two-state vector formalism (TSVF), which is sometimes interpreted as contradicting his claim of time-asymmetry, but this is a misunderstanding. He also proposed the Ugly duckling theorem. (en) Satoshi Watanabe (Tokyo, 26 maggio 1910 – Tokyo, 15 ottobre 1993) è stato un fisico giapponese. Nella sua attività di ricerca affrontò diversi argomenti, quali ad esempio il pattern recognition e le scienze cognitive. Egli propose, inoltre, il Teorema del brutto anatroccolo. (it) 渡辺 慧（わたなべ さとし、1910年5月26日 - 1993年10月15日）は、日本の物理学者（理論物理学）・情報科学者。 (ja) |
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| rdfs:comment | Satosi Watanabe (渡辺 慧, Watanabe Satosi, 26 May 1910 – 15 October 1993) was a theoretical physicist. He studied various topics, such as the time reversal of quantum mechanics, pattern recognition, cognitive science, and the concept of time. He was the first physicist who claimed that quantum probability theory is time-asymmetric (irreversible; non-invariant under time reversal), and reject the conventional analysis of the time reversal of probability laws. He developed the Double Inferential Vector Formalism (DIVF), later known as the Two-state vector formalism (TSVF), which is sometimes interpreted as contradicting his claim of time-asymmetry, but this is a misunderstanding. He also proposed the Ugly duckling theorem. (en) Satoshi Watanabe (Tokyo, 26 maggio 1910 – Tokyo, 15 ottobre 1993) è stato un fisico giapponese. Nella sua attività di ricerca affrontò diversi argomenti, quali ad esempio il pattern recognition e le scienze cognitive. Egli propose, inoltre, il Teorema del brutto anatroccolo. (it) 渡辺 慧（わたなべ さとし、1910年5月26日 - 1993年10月15日）は、日本の物理学者（理論物理学）・情報科学者。 (ja) Satoshi Watanabe, auch Satosi Watanabe, (* 26. Mai 1910 in Tokio; † 15. Oktober 1993 ebenda) war ein japanischer Physiker und Wissenschaftsphilosoph. Watanabe studierte Physik an der Kaiserlichen Universität Tokio bei Torahiko Terada mit dem Abschluss 1933 und ging dann nach Paris zu Louis de Broglie, bei dem er 1935 promovierte, und nach Leipzig zu Werner Heisenberg, bei dem er über Kernphysik forschte und veröffentlichte. Mit Ausbruch des Zweiten Weltkriegs kehrte er 1939 über Kopenhagen, wo er bei Niels Bohr war, nach Japan zurück. Er war Professor an der Universität Rikkyo, ging aber 1950 in die USA, wo er ab 1956 am IBM Forschungszentrum in Yorktown Heights war. (de) |
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