Spore photoproduct lyase (original) (raw)
Spore photoproduct lyase (EC 4.1.99.14SP lyase, SPL, SplB, SplG) is a radical SAM enzyme that repairs DNA cross linking of thymine bases caused by UV-radiation. There are several types of thymine cross linking, but SPL specifically targets 5-thyminyl-5,6-dihydrothymine, which is also called spore photoproduct (SP). Spore photoproduct is the predominant type of thymine crosslinking in germinating endospores, which is why SPL is unique to organisms that produce endospores, such as Bacillus subtilis. Other types of thymine crosslinking, such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidone photoproducts (6-4PPs), are less commonly formed in endospores. These differences in DNA crosslinking are a function of differing DNA structure. Spore genomic DNA features many DNA bin
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| dbo:abstract | Spore photoproduct lyase (EC 4.1.99.14SP lyase, SPL, SplB, SplG) is a radical SAM enzyme that repairs DNA cross linking of thymine bases caused by UV-radiation. There are several types of thymine cross linking, but SPL specifically targets 5-thyminyl-5,6-dihydrothymine, which is also called spore photoproduct (SP). Spore photoproduct is the predominant type of thymine crosslinking in germinating endospores, which is why SPL is unique to organisms that produce endospores, such as Bacillus subtilis. Other types of thymine crosslinking, such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidone photoproducts (6-4PPs), are less commonly formed in endospores. These differences in DNA crosslinking are a function of differing DNA structure. Spore genomic DNA features many DNA binding proteins called small acid soluble proteins, which changes the DNA from the traditional B-form conformation to an A-from conformation. This difference in conformation is believed to be the reason why dormant spores predominantly accumulate SP in response to UV-radiation, rather than other forms of cross linking. Spores cannot repair cross-linking while dormant, instead the SPs are repaired during germination to allow the vegetative cell to function normally. When not repaired, spore photoproduct and other types of crosslinking can cause mutations by blocking transcription and replication past the point of the crosslinking. The repair mechanism utilizing spore photoproduct lyase is one of the reasons for the resilience of certain bacterial spores. The mechanism by which SPL functions is not yet fully understood, though it is known that it catalyzes light independent repair of photodimer 5-thyminyl-5,6-dihydrothymine cross linking through a series of radical reactions to give back two functional thymine rings as shown in the figure below. SPL is part of the radical SAM enzyme family, so it is known to have conserved aspects of its structure and mechanism that allow for it to be characterized as a radical SAM enzyme. Radical SAM enzymes have a conserved cysteine motif, an iron-sulfur cluster within the cysteine motif, as well as S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) as a cofactor. A general radical SAM mechanism involves reducing the iron-sulfur cluster within the enzyme and transferring an electron to the cofactor (SAM), which cleaves a part of the structure and forms a 5'-deoxyadenosyl radical. This 5'-deoxyadenosyl radical will then remove a hydrogen atom from the substrate, forming 5'-deoxyadenosine, and producing a radical on the substrate which will rearrange to form a product. Given that the full mechanism of SPL function is not fully characterized, future studies will likely focus on elucidation of this process. Spore photoproduct lyase is part of one of two main pathways which are used to repair cross linked 5-thyminyl-5,6-dihydrothymine caused by UV radiation: the spore-specific DNA repair system (which utilizes spore photoproduct lyase), and the general nucleotide excision repair pathway (NER). The spore-specific DNA repair system is specific to SP, whereas the NER is able to repair other types of thymine dimers, such as CPDs and 6-4PPs. Spores exhibit high UV susceptibility only when both repair pathways are compromised. (en) |
| dbo:ecNumber | 4.1.99.14 |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Spore_photoproduct_lyase_(reaction_diagram).png?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageID | 15677235 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageLength | 7969 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:wikiPageRevisionID | 1100737297 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageWikiLink | dbr:Endospore dbr:DNA dbr:DNA_repair dbc:EC_4.1.99 dbr:Radical_SAM dbr:Enzyme dbc:Metalloproteins dbr:Thymine dbr:Ultraviolet dbr:5-thyminyl-5,6-dihydrothymine dbr:Thymine_dimer dbr:File:Spore_photoproduct_lyase_(reaction_diagram).png |
| dbp:casNumber | 37290 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:ecNumber | 4.100000 (xsd:double) |
| dbp:interpro | IPR023897 (en) |
| dbp:iubmbEcNumber | 4 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:name | Spore photoproduct lyase (en) |
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| dct:subject | dbc:EC_4.1.99 dbc:Metalloproteins |
| gold:hypernym | dbr:Enzyme |
| rdf:type | owl:Thing dbo:Biomolecule wikidata:Q206229 wikidata:Q8047 yago:Abstraction100002137 yago:Activator114723079 yago:Catalyst114723628 yago:Chemical114806838 yago:Compound114818238 yago:Enzyme114732946 yago:Macromolecule114944888 yago:Material114580897 yago:Matter100020827 yago:Molecule114682133 yago:OrganicCompound114727670 yago:Part113809207 yago:PhysicalEntity100001930 yago:Protein114728724 yago:Relation100031921 dbo:Enzyme dbo:Protein yago:Substance100019613 yago:Thing100002452 yago:Unit109465459 |
| rdfs:comment | Spore photoproduct lyase (EC 4.1.99.14SP lyase, SPL, SplB, SplG) is a radical SAM enzyme that repairs DNA cross linking of thymine bases caused by UV-radiation. There are several types of thymine cross linking, but SPL specifically targets 5-thyminyl-5,6-dihydrothymine, which is also called spore photoproduct (SP). Spore photoproduct is the predominant type of thymine crosslinking in germinating endospores, which is why SPL is unique to organisms that produce endospores, such as Bacillus subtilis. Other types of thymine crosslinking, such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidone photoproducts (6-4PPs), are less commonly formed in endospores. These differences in DNA crosslinking are a function of differing DNA structure. Spore genomic DNA features many DNA bin (en) |
| rdfs:label | Spore photoproduct lyase (en) |
| owl:sameAs | freebase:Spore photoproduct lyase wikidata:Spore photoproduct lyase dbpedia-sh:Spore photoproduct lyase dbpedia-sr:Spore photoproduct lyase https://global.dbpedia.org/id/4vgGN |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Spore_photoproduct_lyase?oldid=1100737297&ns=0 |
| foaf:depiction | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Spore_photoproduct_lyase_(reaction_diagram).png |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:Spore_photoproduct_lyase |
| foaf:name | Spore photoproduct lyase (en) |
| is dbo:wikiPageDisambiguates of | dbr:SPL |
| is dbo:wikiPageRedirects of | dbr:SPLB dbr:SPLG dbr:SP_lyase dbr:EC_4.1.99.14 dbr:Spore_photoproduct_pyrimidine-lyase |
| is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of | dbr:SPLB dbr:SPLG dbr:SP_lyase dbr:Pyrimidine_dimer dbr:S-Adenosyl_methionine dbr:Radical_SAM dbr:Spig dbr:5,6-Dihydro-5(α-thyminyl)thymine dbr:List_of_EC_numbers_(EC_4) dbr:SPL dbr:Sam dbr:EC_4.1.99.14 dbr:Spore_photoproduct_pyrimidine-lyase |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:Spore_photoproduct_lyase |
