Tauern Railway Tunnel (original) (raw)
- Im Tauerntunnel als Scheiteltunnel unterfährt die Tauernbahn den Gebirgskamm der Hohen Tauern (Alpenhauptkamm) zwischen Böckstein im Gasteinertal in Salzburg und Mallnitz in einem Seitental des Mölltals in Kärnten. Er durchquert das Radhausbergmassiv genau unterhalb der (2832 m ü. A.). Die zwischen den Bahnhöfen Böckstein und Mallnitz-Obervellach angebotene Autoverladung wird auch als Tauernschleuse bezeichnet. Das Bauwerk ist in stilisierter Form ebenfalls im Gemeindewappen von Mallnitz dargestellt. Der – heute – 8.371 Meter lange Eisenbahntunnel ist geradlinig und war von Beginn an zweigleisig. Der Scheitelpunkt wird in 1226 m ü. A. erreicht. Der Bau des Tauerntunnels war technisch sehr anspruchsvoll. Im Jahr 1901 begann die Realisierung des Bauprojektes, das bis 1909 von der Bauunternehmung Redlich & Berger unter Einsatz von zahlreichen slowenischen, kroatischen, bosnischen und makedonischen Wanderarbeitern fertiggestellt wurde. Die Elektrifizierung erfolgte im Jahre 1925. Ab 1920 wurden Autos durch den Tunnel überstellt, woraus sich im Laufe der Zeit die Tauernschleuse entwickelte. 2004 wurden umfangreiche, über Jahre dauernde Bauarbeiten zur Optimierung der Sicherheit im Tunnel abgeschlossen. Des Weiteren wurden von den ÖBB spezielle Rettungszüge in Mallnitz-Obervellach sowie in Böckstein stationiert. Bei diesen Umbaumaßnahmen, mit denen auch eine Radiusverbesserung einherging, wurde ein Teil der Tunnelstrecke bei Böckstein freigelegt, sodass sich die Tunnellänge von ehemals 8.550 m um 179 m auf 8.371 m verkürzte. Das alte Nordportal von Böckstein steht heute als Denkmal eisenbahntechnischer Ingenieurskunst neben der neuen Trasse. Etwas außerhalb des Südportals, bei Kilometer 43,3, lag die 2001 aufgelassene Haltestelle Mallnitz-Hinterthal, später als Tauerntunnel bezeichnet. Die Fahrzeit der Autoschleuse beträgt ca. zwölf Minuten. * Fotos von ca. 1911 * Südportal (Koordinate) * Nordportal (Koordinate) (de)
- The Tauern Railway Tunnel (German: Tauerntunnel) in Austria is the longest tunnel of the Tauern Railway crossing the main chain of the Alps. Currently, it has a length of 8.371 kilometres (5.201 mi). The highest point of the tunnel, which is also the highest point in all of the railway line, is at 1,226 metres (4,022 ft) above sea level. The tunnel's north entrance is at Böckstein in the valley of Bad Gastein in the state of Salzburg, while the south entrance is near Mallnitz in Carinthia. The construction of the Tauern Railway Tunnel was first mooted during the late nineteenth century, although actual work on its construction was started in July 1902. The excavation was performed via a labour intensive process by a mostly Italian workforce overseen by the civil engineer . It was effectively finished during 1906, and formally opened three years later by Emperor Francis Joseph of Austria. While trains were initially operated by steam locomotives, the tunnel and wider line alike were electrified during the interwar period, after which it was almost exclusively operated by electric traction instead. One particularly noteworthy service that has long used the Tauern Railway Tunnel was the Autoschleuse or Tauern Motorail car shuttle train service, launched amid the First World War, which carries motor vehicles between either side of the tunnel via specialised trains. Various road vehicles from buses and lorries to bikes can be carried upon cars designed to facilitate their rapid loading and unloading. On 12 August 1947, a bomb exploded under a British military train carrying 175 people from London to Villach in close proximity to the tunnel. Between 2000 and 2004, the Tauern tunnel underwent extensive renovation works, which included the shortening of the tunnel and the relocation of the northern entrance, the replacement of much of the rail infrastructure present, and new fire management systems being installed. (en)
- Il tunnel ferroviario dei Tauri (in tedesco Tauerntunnel) è una galleria ferroviaria, della ferrovia dei Tauri, di valico della catena montuosa degli Alti Tauri tra nella valle di Gastein nel salisburghese e Mallnitz in Carinzia. Il tunnel è lungo 8.371 metri e fu costruito sin dall'inizio a doppio binario. Il culmine è a 1226 m. La costruzione del tunnel fu molto impegnativa tecnicamente. La costruzione iniziò nel 1901 e venne completata nel 1909. La sua lunghezza rese necessaria la costruzione di sistemi di ventilazione per l'espulsione dei fumi delle locomotive a vapore; l'elettrificazione, avvenuta nel 1925, pose definitivo rimedio al serio problema. Nel 1920 venne iniziato il trasporto di auto attraverso il tunnel. Nel 2004 è stata completata la messa in opera di sistemi per la maggiore sicurezza in galleria. Sono stati eseguiti anche lavori di ristrutturazione in seguito ai quali la lunghezza del tunnel è passata a 8.371 m (in precedenza 8.550 m). Il portale nord, in curva, non adatto al nuovo tipo di carri merci, è stato abbandonato, inoltre un tratto di tunnel è stato scoperchiato, mettendo in opera un nuovo portale arretrato, di tipo moderno. Il vecchio portale è stato lasciato come monumento storico. (it)
- De Tauernspoortunnel is de langste tunnel in de Tauernspoorlijn en tevens de langste spoorwegtunnel in Oostenrijk. Hij loopt van Böckstein in het noorden, naar Mallnitz in het zuiden. De tunnel is 8550 meter lang en werd in 1909 voltooid. (nl)
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- De Tauernspoortunnel is de langste tunnel in de Tauernspoorlijn en tevens de langste spoorwegtunnel in Oostenrijk. Hij loopt van Böckstein in het noorden, naar Mallnitz in het zuiden. De tunnel is 8550 meter lang en werd in 1909 voltooid. (nl)
- Im Tauerntunnel als Scheiteltunnel unterfährt die Tauernbahn den Gebirgskamm der Hohen Tauern (Alpenhauptkamm) zwischen Böckstein im Gasteinertal in Salzburg und Mallnitz in einem Seitental des Mölltals in Kärnten. Er durchquert das Radhausbergmassiv genau unterhalb der (2832 m ü. A.). Die zwischen den Bahnhöfen Böckstein und Mallnitz-Obervellach angebotene Autoverladung wird auch als Tauernschleuse bezeichnet. Das Bauwerk ist in stilisierter Form ebenfalls im Gemeindewappen von Mallnitz dargestellt. Die Fahrzeit der Autoschleuse beträgt ca. zwölf Minuten. * Fotos von ca. 1911 * * (de)
- The Tauern Railway Tunnel (German: Tauerntunnel) in Austria is the longest tunnel of the Tauern Railway crossing the main chain of the Alps. Currently, it has a length of 8.371 kilometres (5.201 mi). The highest point of the tunnel, which is also the highest point in all of the railway line, is at 1,226 metres (4,022 ft) above sea level. The tunnel's north entrance is at Böckstein in the valley of Bad Gastein in the state of Salzburg, while the south entrance is near Mallnitz in Carinthia. (en)
- Il tunnel ferroviario dei Tauri (in tedesco Tauerntunnel) è una galleria ferroviaria, della ferrovia dei Tauri, di valico della catena montuosa degli Alti Tauri tra nella valle di Gastein nel salisburghese e Mallnitz in Carinzia. Nel 1920 venne iniziato il trasporto di auto attraverso il tunnel. (it)
- Tauerntunnel (Eisenbahn) (de)
- Tunnel ferroviario dei Tauri (it)
- Tauernspoortunnel (nl)
- Tauern Railway Tunnel (en)
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