Tax horsepower (original) (raw)
El caballo fiscal es una unidad que indica la carga impositiva que se le aplica a un vehículo. Antaño estaba relacionada con la potencia del motor, de ahí que a esta medida también se le denomine "potencia fiscal".
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| dbo:abstract | Cheval fiscal (französisch, wörtlich übersetzt „steuerliches Pferd“, Abk. CV oder cv, pl. chevaux fiscaux) ist in Frankreich, Belgien, Spanien (caballo fiscal oder potencia fiscal), Italien (cavalli fiscali (CF) oder potenza fiscale) und Griechenland (φορολογήσιμοι ίπποι) eine Kennzahl zur Festlegung der Kraftfahrzeugsteuer. Die Berechnung des CV in Frankreich erfolgt seit 2020 nach einer Formel, die die Motorleistung berücksichtigt. Für die Festsetzung der Kraftfahrzeugsteuer werden jedoch auch die Emissionen maßgeblich berücksichtigt. CV ist vergleichbar mit der in Deutschland obsoleten Bezeichnung Steuer-PS. Die CV werden häufig mit der Maßeinheit cheval-vapeur (wörtlich übersetzt „Dampf-Pferd“, Abk. ch, pl. chevaux-vapeur) verwechselt, die gleich der deutschen Pferdestärke ist. Auch umgangssprachlich wird beides gleichlautend abgekürzt als chevaux. Früher floss die CV-Anzahl in die Namensgebung von Automodellen ein, so zum Beispiel bei den Citroën 2CV, 7CV, 11CV, 15CV (Traction Avant) oder beim Renault 4CV. In Belgien werden die CV nicht nach einer Formel berechnet, sondern sind in einer Tabelle festgelegt und berücksichtigen ausschließlich den Hubraum. (de) El caballo fiscal es una unidad que indica la carga impositiva que se le aplica a un vehículo. Antaño estaba relacionada con la potencia del motor, de ahí que a esta medida también se le denomine "potencia fiscal". (es) Le cheval fiscal, noté cv ou CV en droit fiscal, est utilisé dans certains pays pour l'établissement des certificats d'immatriculation. C'est une unité administrative calculée, en partie, à partir de la puissance d'un moteur et à partir de laquelle est déterminé le montant de la taxe sur les certificats d'immatriculation susceptible d'être due lors de l'immatriculation d'un véhicule.En France, le nombre de chevaux fiscaux d'un véhicule est indiqué sur le certificat d'immatriculation à la rubrique P.6. (fr) The tax horsepower or taxable horsepower was an early system by which taxation rates for automobiles were reckoned in some European countries such as Britain, Belgium, Germany, France and Italy; some US states like Illinois charged license plate purchase and renewal fees for passenger automobiles based on taxable horsepower. The tax horsepower rating was computed not from actual engine power but by a mathematical formula based on cylinder dimensions. At the beginning of the twentieth century, tax power was reasonably close to real power; as the internal combustion engine developed, real power became larger than nominal taxable power by a factor of ten or more. (en) Het fiscaal motorvermogen was een systeem van motorrijtuigenbelasting uit het begin van de 20e eeuw. Het was gebaseerd op het (al dan niet berekende) vermogen van een voertuig en werd toegepast in verschillende Europese landen en een aantal staten in de VS. In de meeste gevallen betrof het niet het werkelijk geleverde motorvermogen, maar een berekend vermogen op basis van een wiskundige formule. Oorspronkelijk lagen het berekende en het werkelijke vermogen dicht bij elkaar, maar doordat de techniek zich ontwikkelde en de berekening bleef "stilstaan", werd het verschil tussen beide steeds groter. (nl) La potenza fiscale dei veicoli e imbarcazioni è un indice di prestazione che in alcuni sistemi fiscali viene utilizzato ai fini del calcolo delle tasse di possesso degli stessi. La sua unità di misura sono i cavalli fiscali (CF). La potenza fiscale può non essere correlata dalla potenza fisica del mezzo, come nel caso italiano dove essa è dipendente esclusivamente dalla cilindrata. (it) O cavalo fiscal, do francês: "cheval fiscal", abreviado para cv ou CV (de cheval), em direito tributário é uma unidade que indica a carga de impostos a ser cobrada para emitir o certificado de circulação ("certificat d'immatriculation" ou anteriormente "carte grise") de um veículo na França. Em algumas línguas, essa unidade pode ser referenciada como potência fiscal. Apesar da potência do motor fazer parte da fórmula para o cálculo do número de cavalos fiscais a ser aplicado a um veículo, é necessário distinguir o cavalo fiscal do cavalo-vapor, que na língua portuguesa, acabam por ter a mesma abreviação. Alguns países da Europa, como França, Suíça e Espanha, adotam essa unidade para definir o nível da taxação dos veículos até os dias de hoje, com fórmulas variadas, mas todas envolvendo a potência do motor de alguma forma. (pt) Налоговая лошадиная сила (н. л. с., англ. Tax horsepower) — одна из первых по порядку появления характеристик двигателя автомобиля с точки зрения налогообложения в некоторых европейских странах, таких как Великобритания, Бельгия, Германия, Франция, Италия. Величина налоговой лошадиной силы рассчитывалась не от фактической мощности двигателя, а с помощью простой математической формулы, основанной на геометрических размерах цилиндра. В начале XX века налоговая лошадиная сила была достаточно близка к реальной лошадиной силе (л. с.); с развитием двигателей внутреннего сгорания реальная мощность стала больше налоговой в десять и более раз. Налоговая мощность нередко указывалась в названии модели автомобиля. Например, «» 1935 года получил своё название от его налоговой мощности, а не по числу цилиндров двигателя; «» при фактической мощности 45 л. с. имел 14 н. л. с. Многие французские автомобили до 1950-х гг. обозначались по налоговой мощности: «Ситроен 11CV», «Рено 4CV» и другие (CV — сокращение от фр. chevaux, «лошади»). Дольше всех такое название сохранила модель «Ситроен 2CV», выпускавшаяся с 1948 по 1990 год. (ru) |
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| rdfs:comment | El caballo fiscal es una unidad que indica la carga impositiva que se le aplica a un vehículo. Antaño estaba relacionada con la potencia del motor, de ahí que a esta medida también se le denomine "potencia fiscal". (es) Le cheval fiscal, noté cv ou CV en droit fiscal, est utilisé dans certains pays pour l'établissement des certificats d'immatriculation. C'est une unité administrative calculée, en partie, à partir de la puissance d'un moteur et à partir de laquelle est déterminé le montant de la taxe sur les certificats d'immatriculation susceptible d'être due lors de l'immatriculation d'un véhicule.En France, le nombre de chevaux fiscaux d'un véhicule est indiqué sur le certificat d'immatriculation à la rubrique P.6. (fr) The tax horsepower or taxable horsepower was an early system by which taxation rates for automobiles were reckoned in some European countries such as Britain, Belgium, Germany, France and Italy; some US states like Illinois charged license plate purchase and renewal fees for passenger automobiles based on taxable horsepower. The tax horsepower rating was computed not from actual engine power but by a mathematical formula based on cylinder dimensions. At the beginning of the twentieth century, tax power was reasonably close to real power; as the internal combustion engine developed, real power became larger than nominal taxable power by a factor of ten or more. (en) La potenza fiscale dei veicoli e imbarcazioni è un indice di prestazione che in alcuni sistemi fiscali viene utilizzato ai fini del calcolo delle tasse di possesso degli stessi. La sua unità di misura sono i cavalli fiscali (CF). La potenza fiscale può non essere correlata dalla potenza fisica del mezzo, come nel caso italiano dove essa è dipendente esclusivamente dalla cilindrata. (it) Cheval fiscal (französisch, wörtlich übersetzt „steuerliches Pferd“, Abk. CV oder cv, pl. chevaux fiscaux) ist in Frankreich, Belgien, Spanien (caballo fiscal oder potencia fiscal), Italien (cavalli fiscali (CF) oder potenza fiscale) und Griechenland (φορολογήσιμοι ίπποι) eine Kennzahl zur Festlegung der Kraftfahrzeugsteuer. Die Berechnung des CV in Frankreich erfolgt seit 2020 nach einer Formel, die die Motorleistung berücksichtigt. Für die Festsetzung der Kraftfahrzeugsteuer werden jedoch auch die Emissionen maßgeblich berücksichtigt. CV ist vergleichbar mit der in Deutschland obsoleten Bezeichnung Steuer-PS. (de) Het fiscaal motorvermogen was een systeem van motorrijtuigenbelasting uit het begin van de 20e eeuw. Het was gebaseerd op het (al dan niet berekende) vermogen van een voertuig en werd toegepast in verschillende Europese landen en een aantal staten in de VS. (nl) O cavalo fiscal, do francês: "cheval fiscal", abreviado para cv ou CV (de cheval), em direito tributário é uma unidade que indica a carga de impostos a ser cobrada para emitir o certificado de circulação ("certificat d'immatriculation" ou anteriormente "carte grise") de um veículo na França. Em algumas línguas, essa unidade pode ser referenciada como potência fiscal. Alguns países da Europa, como França, Suíça e Espanha, adotam essa unidade para definir o nível da taxação dos veículos até os dias de hoje, com fórmulas variadas, mas todas envolvendo a potência do motor de alguma forma. (pt) Налоговая лошадиная сила (н. л. с., англ. Tax horsepower) — одна из первых по порядку появления характеристик двигателя автомобиля с точки зрения налогообложения в некоторых европейских странах, таких как Великобритания, Бельгия, Германия, Франция, Италия. (ru) |
| rdfs:label | Cheval fiscal (de) Caballo fiscal (es) Cheval fiscal (fr) Potenza fiscale (it) Fiscaal vermogen (nl) Налоговая лошадиная сила (ru) Tax horsepower (en) Cavalo fiscal (pt) |
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