| dbo:abstract |
Unbundled access is an often practiced form of regulation during liberalization, where new entrants of the market (challengers) are offered access to facilities of the incumbent that are hard to duplicate (e.g. for technical or business case reasons). Its applications are mostly found in network-oriented industries (like telecommunication, mail and energy) and often concerns the last mile. Unbundled access is similar to Bit-stream access, where the incumbent provider gives competitive access not to the actual copper wire of the local loop, but to a high-speed ADSL data connection. Both setups ensure competition for the backhaul but leave "last mile" infrastructure the responsibility of the incumbent carrier. (en) 元件細分化接取（英語：Unbundled access）是1996年美國電信法的重要措施，既有地方電信業者（incumbent local exchange carriers，ILEC）必須提供互相競爭的電信業者可以接取地方電信業者個別的網路元件。 (zh) |
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dbr:Royal_Mail dbr:Energy_market dbr:Unbundled_Network_Element dbr:Incumbent_local_exchange_carrier dbr:Liberalization dbc:Local_loop dbr:Computer_network dbr:Public_utilities_commission dbr:Transmission_system_operator dbc:Economic_liberalization dbr:Downstream_access dbr:Federal_Communications_Commission dbr:Telephone_exchange dbr:Regulation dbr:Backhaul_(telecommunications) dbr:Telecommunications_Act_of_1996 dbr:ADSL dbr:Last_mile_(telecommunications) dbr:Bit-stream_access dbc:Telecommunications_economics dbr:Business_case dbr:Cable_television dbr:Fiber_to_the_x dbr:Incumbent dbr:Independent_system_operator dbr:Unbundled_network_element dbr:Forced-access_regulation dbr:Local_loop_unbundling dbr:Wireless_provider |
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dbt:Reflist |
| dct:subject |
dbc:Local_loop dbc:Economic_liberalization dbc:Telecommunications_economics |
| gold:hypernym |
dbr:Access |
| rdf:type |
dbo:AcademicJournal |
| rdfs:comment |
元件細分化接取（英語：Unbundled access）是1996年美國電信法的重要措施，既有地方電信業者（incumbent local exchange carriers，ILEC）必須提供互相競爭的電信業者可以接取地方電信業者個別的網路元件。 (zh) Unbundled access is an often practiced form of regulation during liberalization, where new entrants of the market (challengers) are offered access to facilities of the incumbent that are hard to duplicate (e.g. for technical or business case reasons). Its applications are mostly found in network-oriented industries (like telecommunication, mail and energy) and often concerns the last mile. (en) |
| rdfs:label |
Unbundled access (en) 元件細分化接取 (zh) |
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freebase:Unbundled access wikidata:Unbundled access dbpedia-zh:Unbundled access https://global.dbpedia.org/id/4wbke |
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wikipedia-en:Unbundled_access?oldid=1060372306&ns=0 |
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wikipedia-en:Unbundled_access |
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dbr:Unbundled_Access |
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dbr:Telecom_infrastructure_sharing dbr:Local-loop_unbundling dbr:Comparably_efficient_interconnection dbr:Broadband_open_access dbr:Bit-stream_access dbr:Spark_New_Zealand dbr:Sub-loop_unbundling dbr:United_States_Telecom_Association_v._FCC_(2004) dbr:Unbundled_Access |
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wikipedia-en:Unbundled_access |