Una comissió del Congrés és una suborganització legislativa del Congrés dels Estats Units que s'ocupa d'una tasca en qüestió (en lloc d'encarregar-se de les tasques genèriques del Congrés). Els membres d'una comissió adquireixen coneixements especialitzats dels temes sota la seva jurisdicció. Com a «petites assemblees» que són, les comissions supervisen les operacions del govern, identifiquen àmbits que podrien necessitar revisió legislativa, reuneixen i avaluen informacions i emeten recomanacions al Congrés. (ca)
Ein Kongressausschuss (Congressional Committee) ist innerhalb des politischen Systems der Vereinigten Staaten eine Untereinheit des Kongresses, die sich mit einem bestimmten Sachbereich beschäftigt. Im Repräsentantenhaus spielen die Ausschüsse aufgrund der Größe der Kammer eine stärkere Rolle (das Repräsentantenhaus hat 435 Abgeordnete, während der Senat nur aus 100 Senatoren besteht). Ausschüsse spielten im parlamentarischen System der Vereinigten Staaten von Anfang an eine wichtige Rolle, die mit der Zeit noch gewachsen ist. Der erste Ausschuss des Repräsentantenhauses wurde am 2. April 1798 ernannt, um Verfahrensregeln für die Arbeit des Hauses vorzubereiten und um die Pflichten des Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives, einer Art parlamentarischen Sicherheitsbeamten, festzulegen. Der erste Senatsausschuss wurde am 7. April 1789 eingerichtet, um Verfahrensregeln für den Senat zu entwerfen. (de)
A congressional committee is a legislative sub-organization in the United States Congress that handles a specific duty (rather than the general duties of Congress). Committee membership enables members to develop specialized knowledge of the matters under their jurisdiction. As "little legislatures", the committees monitor ongoing governmental operations, identify issues suitable for legislative review, gather and evaluate information, and recommend courses of action to their parent body. Woodrow Wilson once wrote, "it is not far from the truth to say that Congress in session is Congress on public exhibition, whilst Congress in its committee rooms is Congress at work." It is not expected that a member of Congress be an expert on all matters and subject areas that come before Congress. Congressional committees provide valuable informational services to Congress by investigating and reporting about specialized subjects. Congress divides its legislative, oversight, and internal administrative tasks among approximately 200 committees and subcommittees. Within assigned areas, these functional subunits gather information; compare and evaluate legislative alternatives; identify policy problems and propose solutions; select, determine, and report measures for full chamber consideration; monitor executive branch performance (oversight); and investigate allegations of wrongdoing. The investigatory functions have always been a key role. In the tabling and wording of new law, procedures such as the House discharge petition process (the process of bringing a bill onto the floor without a committee report or mandatory consent from its leadership) are so laborious and technical that committees, today, dominate the draftsmanship and honing of the detail of many bills laid before Congress. Of the 73 discharge petitions submitted to the full House from 1995 through 2007, only one was successful in securing a definitive yea-or-nay vote for a bill. The growth in autonomy and overlap of committees has fragmented power of the Senate and of the House. This dispersion of power may, at times, weaken the legislative branch relative to the other two branches of the federal government, the executive and the judiciary. In his often cited article History of the House of Representatives, written in 1961, American scholar George B. Galloway (1898–1967) wrote: "In practice, Congress functions not as a unified institution, but as a collection of semi-autonomous committees that seldom act in unison." Galloway went on to cite committee autonomy as a factor interfering with the adoption of a coherent legislative program. Such autonomy remains a characteristic feature of the committee system in Congress today. (en)
Komisje Kongresu Stanów Zjednoczonych (ang. United States Congressional Committees) – komisje amerykańskiego parlamentu, element tworzenia amerykańskiego prawa i polityki państwa. (pl)
Una comissió del Congrés és una suborganització legislativa del Congrés dels Estats Units que s'ocupa d'una tasca en qüestió (en lloc d'encarregar-se de les tasques genèriques del Congrés). Els membres d'una comissió adquireixen coneixements especialitzats dels temes sota la seva jurisdicció. Com a «petites assemblees» que són, les comissions supervisen les operacions del govern, identifiquen àmbits que podrien necessitar revisió legislativa, reuneixen i avaluen informacions i emeten recomanacions al Congrés. (ca)
Komisje Kongresu Stanów Zjednoczonych (ang. United States Congressional Committees) – komisje amerykańskiego parlamentu, element tworzenia amerykańskiego prawa i polityki państwa. (pl)
Ein Kongressausschuss (Congressional Committee) ist innerhalb des politischen Systems der Vereinigten Staaten eine Untereinheit des Kongresses, die sich mit einem bestimmten Sachbereich beschäftigt. Im Repräsentantenhaus spielen die Ausschüsse aufgrund der Größe der Kammer eine stärkere Rolle (das Repräsentantenhaus hat 435 Abgeordnete, während der Senat nur aus 100 Senatoren besteht). (de)
A congressional committee is a legislative sub-organization in the United States Congress that handles a specific duty (rather than the general duties of Congress). Committee membership enables members to develop specialized knowledge of the matters under their jurisdiction. As "little legislatures", the committees monitor ongoing governmental operations, identify issues suitable for legislative review, gather and evaluate information, and recommend courses of action to their parent body. Woodrow Wilson once wrote, "it is not far from the truth to say that Congress in session is Congress on public exhibition, whilst Congress in its committee rooms is Congress at work." It is not expected that a member of Congress be an expert on all matters and subject areas that come before Congress. Cong (en)