Copper crystals on the (11 \bf{\bar{2}}$$ 0) sapphire plane: orientation relationships, triple line ridges and interface shape equilibrium (original) (raw)

Abstract

The orientation relationships (ORs) of copper crystals on a \( (11\bar{2}0) \) sapphire substrate equilibrated at 1253 K are presented. They barely depend on the procedures used in sample preparation, i.e. dewetting of a copper film in the liquid state or in the solid state. The most frequent OR found is Cu(111) || Al2O3 \( (11\bar{2}0) \) and Cu\( [1\bar{1}0] \) within few degrees from Al2O3[0001]. A secondary, lower frequency OR is also observed: Cu(001) || Al2O3 \( (11\bar{2}0) \) with Cu\( [1\bar{1}0] \) within a few degrees from either Al2O3 \( [1\bar{1}00] \) or Al2O3[0001]. These ORs do not follow the Fecht and Gleiter model which proposes that dense directions of the metal should align with dense directions of the oxide. On annealing, even at a temperature about half of the melting point of sapphire, fast diffusion of sapphire at the copper/sapphire interface is observed: the copper particles tend to achieve their interfacial equilibrium shapes by sinking into the substrate, and sapphire ridges form at the triple line. Finally, it is shown that the Cu(111) || Al2O3 \( (11\bar{2}0) \) interface remains flat at the atomic scale, and is therefore part of the copper/sapphire equilibrium interfacial shape.

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Acknowledgements

This document has been produced with the partial financial assistance of the European Union as part of the MACAN project as part of the Seventh Framework Programme (2007–2013) under grant agreement FP7-NMP-2009-CSA-233484. The authors thank Rachel Zucker for her assistance in using the Wulffmaker software. SC, DC, HM, and WDK acknowledge partial support from the Ministry of Science and Technology, Israel, and the Ministry of Research, France. HM and WDK acknowledge support from the Russell Berrie Institute for Nanotechnology at the Technion. GSR acknowledges support from the Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-11-1-0678. Lastly, HC and PW acknowledge support of their research by the MRSEC Program of the National Science Foundation under Award No. DMR-0520425. Facilities support from the Carnegie Mellon MRSEC, under National Science Foundation Award Number DMR-0520425, are also acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINaM UMR 7325, 13288, Marseille, France
    Stefano Curiotto & Dominique Chatain
  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
    Harry Chien, Paul Wynblatt & Gregory S. Rohrer
  3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel
    Hila Meltzman & Wayne D. Kaplan
  4. Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IM2NP UMR 6242, 13397, Marseille, France
    Stephane Labat

Authors

  1. Stefano Curiotto
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  2. Harry Chien
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  3. Hila Meltzman
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  4. Stephane Labat
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  5. Paul Wynblatt
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  6. Gregory S. Rohrer
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  7. Wayne D. Kaplan
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  8. Dominique Chatain
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Correspondence toStefano Curiotto.

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Curiotto, S., Chien, H., Meltzman, H. et al. Copper crystals on the (11\(\bf{\bar{2}}\)0) sapphire plane: orientation relationships, triple line ridges and interface shape equilibrium.J Mater Sci 48, 3013–3026 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-7080-0

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