Fungal Infection in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease (original) (raw)

Article type: Research Article

Affiliations: [a] Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa CSIC-UAM, C/ Nicolás Cabrera, 1 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain | [b] Department of Neuropathology and Tissue Bank, Unidad de Investigación Proyecto Alzheimer, Fundación CIEN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Luis Carrasco, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa CSIC-UAM, C/Nicolás Cabrera, 1 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain. Tel.: +34 1 497 84 50; E-mail: [email protected].

Note: [1] These authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that leads to dementia mainly among the elderly. This disease is characterized by the presence in the brain of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles that provoke neuronal cell death, vascular dysfunction, and inflammatory processes. In the present work, we have analyzed the existence of fungal infection in Alzheimer's disease patients. A proteomic analysis provides compelling evidence for the existence of fungal proteins in brain samples from Alzheimer's disease patients. Furthermore, PCR analysis reveals a variety of fungal species in these samples, dependent on the patient and the tissue tested. DNA sequencing demonstrated that several fungal species can be found in brain samples. Together, these results show that fungal macromolecules can be detected in brain from Alzheimer's disease patients. To our knowledge these findings represent the first evidence that fungal infection is detectable in brain samples from Alzheimer's disease patients. The possibility that this may represent a risk factor or may contribute to the etiological cause of Alzheimer's disease is discussed.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, brain proteomics, fungal DNA, fungal PCR, fungal infection

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-132681

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 301-311, 2014

Accepted 21 January 2014

Published: 4 June 2014