1998 Ukrainian parliamentary election (original) (raw)

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1998 Ukrainian parliamentary election
← 1994 29 March 1998 2002 →
All 450 seats to the Verkhovna Rada226 seats needed for a majority
Turnout 70.78% (Decrease 5.03 pp)
First party Second party Third party Leader Petro Symonenko Viacheslav Chornovil Oleksandr Moroz Party KPU Rukh SPU–SelPU Leader since 19 June 1993 4 December 1992 1 November 1997 Leader's seat Party list Party list Kyiv 92 [uk] Last election 86 seats, 13.57% 20 seats, 5.49% 33 seats, 6.23% Seats won 121 46 34 Seat change Increase 35 Increase 26 Increase 1 Popular vote 6,550,353 2,498,262 2,273,788 Percentage 25.44% (PR) 9.70% (PR) 8.83% (PR) Swing Increase 11.87% Increase 4.21% Increase 2.60% Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party Leader Anatoliy Matviyenko Pavlo Lazarenko Vitaliy Kononov Party NDP Hromada Party of Greens Leader since 24 February 1996 22 March 1994 9 October 1992 Leader's seat Vinnytsia 17 [uk] Dnipropetrovsk 40 [uk] Party list Last election New New 0 seats 0.27% Seats won 28 24 19 Seat change New New Increase 19 Popular vote 1,331,460 1,242,235 1,444,264 Percentage 5.17% (PR) 4.82% (PR) 5.61% (PR) Swing New New Increase 5.34% Seventh party Eighth party Ninth party Leader Leonid Kravchuk Nataliya Vitrenko Kateryna Vashchuk Party SDPU(o) PSPU Agrarian Party Leader since January 1998[1] 20 April 1996 March 1997 Leader's seat Party list Sumy 160 [uk] Volyn 20 [uk] Last election New New New Seats won 17 16 9 Seat change New New New Popular vote 1,066,113 1,075,118 978,330 Percentage 4.14% (PR) 4.18% (PR) 3.80% (PR) Swing New New New
Party-list results Constituency results
Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada before election Oleksandr Moroz SPU–SelPU Elected Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada Oleksandr Tkachenko SPU–SelPU

Parliamentary elections were held in Ukraine on 29 March 1998.[2] The Communist Party of Ukraine remained the largest party in the Verkhovna Rada, winning 121 of the 445 seats.[3]

After the election votes in five electoral districts had too many irregularities to declare a winner and the parliament was five members short of 450.

In comparison to the first parliamentary election, this time half of 450 parliament seats were filled by single-seat majority winners in 225 electoral regions (constituencies), and the other half were split among political parties and blocks[4] that received at least 4% of the popular vote.[5]

The Communist Party of Ukraine was victorious in 18 regions including the city of Kyiv, while in three other regions the party finished in second place. The People's Movement of Ukraine (Rukh) won in five regions, all of them located in Western Ukraine and was a strong runner-up in three others, mostly in the west and Kyiv. The electoral block of Socialists and Peasants was able to secure a victory in only two regions, however it did finish strong in seven other regions across central Ukraine. The new and rising party of Hromada won the Dnipropetrovsk Region, while the Social-Democratic Party of Ukraine managed to secure the Zakarpattia Region.

Notable and strong runners up were the Party of Greens, the People's Democratic Party, the Progressive Socialist Party, the People's Party, Working Ukraine, the National Front and Our Ukraine.

Party Proportional Constituency Totalseats +/–
Votes % Seats Votes % Seats
Communist Party of Ukraine 6,550,353 25.44 84 3,495,711 13.62 37 121 +35
People's Movement of Ukraine 2,498,262 9.70 32 1,500,648 5.85 14 46 +26
Socialist Party – Peasant Party 2,273,788 8.83 29 1,067,267 4.16 5 34 +1
Party of Greens of Ukraine 1,444,264 5.61 19 196,044 0.76 0 19 +19
People's Democratic Party 1,331,460 5.17 17 985,770 3.84 11 28 +24
Hromada 1,242,235 4.82 16 880,073 3.43 8 24 New
Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine 1,075,118 4.18 14 231,043 0.90 2 16 New
Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united) 1,066,113 4.14 14 450,522 1.76 3 17 New
Agrarian Party of Ukraine 978,330 3.80 0 784,287 3.06 9 9 New
Reforms and Order Party 832,574 3.23 0 455,166 1.77 3 3 New
Laborious Ukraine (GKU–UPS) 813,326 3.16 0 123,869 0.48 1 1 –1
National Front (KUN–UKRP–URP) 721,966 2.80 0 642,125 2.50 5 5 –10
Together (LPU–PP) 502,969 1.95 0 309,371 1.21 1 1 –3
Forward Ukraine! (KDS–UKDP) 461,924 1.79 0 129,378 0.50 2 2 +2
Christian Democratic Party of Ukraine 344,826 1.34 0 190,783 0.74 2 2 +1
Bloc of Democratic Parties – NEP (DPU–PEV) 326,489 1.27 0 275,460 1.07 1 1 –1
Party of National Economic Development of Ukraine 250,476 0.97 0 28,418 0.11 0 0 New
SLON – Social Liberal Association (Viche–MBR) 241,367 0.94 0 112,968 0.44 1 1 0
Party of Regional Revival of Ukraine 241,262 0.94 0 204,631 0.80 2 2 New
All-Ukrainian Party of Workers 210,622 0.82 0 57,463 0.22 0 0 New
Soyuz 186,249 0.72 0 38,467 0.15 1 1 New
All-Ukrainian Party of Women's Initiatives 154,650 0.60 0 18,208 0.07 0 0 New
Republican Christian Party 143,496 0.56 0 70,064 0.27 0 0 New
Ukrainian National Assembly 105,977 0.41 0 88,136 0.34 0 0 –1
Social Democratic Party of Ukraine 85,045 0.33 0 36,670 0.14 0 0 –2
Motherland Defenders Party 81,808 0.32 0 26,286 0.10 0 0 New
Party of Spiritual, Economic and Social Progress 53,147 0.21 0 28,418 0.11 0 0 New
Party of Muslims of Ukraine 52,613 0.20 0 1,342 0.01 0 0 New
Fewer Words (SNPU–[DSU](/wiki/All-Ukrainian%5FPolitical%5FMovement%5F%22State%5FIndependence%5Fof%5FUkraine%22 "All-Ukrainian Political Movement "State Independence of Ukraine"")) 45,155 0.18 0 65,760 0.26 1 1 0
European Choice of Ukraine (LDPU–USDP) 37,118 0.14 0 59,474 0.23 0 0 0
Communist Party (Bolshevik) of Ukraine 17,656 0.07 0 0 New
Women's Party of Ukraine 15,867 0.06 0 0 New
Party of Slavic Unity of Ukraine 12,470 0.05 0 0 0
Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists 1,944 0.01 0 0 0
Party of National Salvation of Ukraine 1,544 0.01 0 0 0
Independents 11,148,333 43.43 111 111 –57
Vacant 5 5 –
Against all 1,396,592 5.42 – 1,915,531 7.46 – – –
Total 25,749,574 100.00 225 25,667,167 100.00 225 450 0
Valid votes 25,749,574 96.91 25,667,167 96.60
Invalid/blank votes 821,699 3.09 904,106 3.40
Total votes 26,571,273 100.00 26,571,273 100.00
Registered voters/turnout 37,540,092 70.78 37,540,092 70.78
Source: Nohlen & Stöver, University of Essex

By region (single constituency)

[edit]

[6]

1998 constituents winners

Crimea (10/10)

Vinnytsia Region (8/8)

Volyn Region (4/5)

Dnipropetrovsk Region (16/17)

Donetsk Region (21/23)

Zhytomyr Region (5/6)

Zakarpattia Region (5/5)

Zaporizhzhia Region (7/9)

Ivano-Frankivsk Region (6/6)

Kirovohrad Region (3/5)

Luhansk Region (12/12)

Lviv Region (10/12)

Mykolaiv Region (3/6)

Odesa Region (10/11)

Kyiv Region (7/8)

Poltava Region (8/8)

Rivne Region (5/5)

Sumy Region (6/6)

Ternopil Region (4/5)

Kharkiv Region (12/14)

Kherson Region (6/6)

Khmelnytskyi Region (7/7)

Cherkasy Region (7/7)

Chernivtsi Region (4/4)

Chernihiv Region (5/6)

Kyiv (11/12)

Sevastopol (2/2)

Party affiliation changes after the elections

[edit]

The size of the factions created in parliament after the election fluctuated.[7] By January 2000, the Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine and Hromada had not had any deputies; while Peasant Party of Ukraine had deputies only in 1999.[7] All these factions where disbanded due to the lack of members.[8]

Party of Regional Revival of Ukraine (later to become the biggest party of Ukraine as Party of Regions[9]) grew massively in parliament (after in March 2001 it united with four parties) from 2 deputies elected in this election to a faction of 24 people in July 2002 (one deputy left the faction later).[7][10][11] Later to become second biggest party of Ukraine,[9] Batkivshchyna, started its existence as a faction when in the spring of 1999 members of Hromada left their party to join other parliament factions, among them Yulia Tymoshenko who set up the parliamentary faction "Batkivshchyna" in March 1999.[12][13][14]

People's Movement of Ukraine split into 2 different factions in the spring of 1999 (the largest membership of the breakaway faction led by Hennadiy Udovenko was 19 and ended with 14, the "other" faction ended with 23; meaning that 10 elected People's Movement of Ukraine deputies did not represent any segment of the party anymore by June 2002).[7][8]

Other mayor "non-elected" factions/parties to emerge in parliament after the election were: Solidarity[15] (27 to 20 members[7]) and Labour Ukraine[16] (38 members in June 2002[7]); by June 2002 the parliament had 8 more factions then its original 8 in May 1998.[7]

  1. ^ https://mediaport.ua/news/ukraine/66342/leonid_kravchuk_vyishel_iz_sdpuo Леонид Кравчук вышел из СДПУ(о)
  2. ^ Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1976 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  3. ^ Nohlen & Stöver, p1991
  4. ^ Against All Odds: Aiding Political Parties in Georgia and Ukraine (UvA Proefschriften) by Max Bader, Vossiuspers UvA, 2010, ISBN 90-5629-631-0 (page 93)
  5. ^ Parliamentary chronicles, The Ukrainian Week (30 November 2018)
  6. ^ Deputies/Elected in multi-mandate constituency/Elections 29.11.1998 Archived 2011-06-07 at the Wayback Machine, Central Election Commission of Ukraine
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Understanding Ukrainian Politics: Power, Politics, and Institutional Design by Paul D'Anieri, M.E. Sharpe, 2006, ISBN 978-0-7656-1811-5
  8. ^ a b Ukraine and Russia: The Post-Soviet Transition by Roman Solchanyk, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2001 ISBN 0742510174
  9. ^ a b After the parliamentary elections in Ukraine: a tough victory for the Party of Regions Archived 2013-03-17 at the Wayback Machine, Centre for Eastern Studies (7 November 2012)
  10. ^ 2001 Political sketches: too early for summing up, Central European University (January 4, 2002)
  11. ^ Ukraine Political Parties, GlobalSecurity.org
  12. ^ Revolution in Orange: The Origins of Ukraine's Democratic Breakthrough by Anders Aslund and Michael A. McFaul, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2006, ISBN 978-0-87003-221-9
  13. ^ State Building in Ukraine: The Ukrainian Parliament, 1990-2003 by Sarah Whitmore, Routledge, 2004, ISBN 978-0-415-33195-1, page 106
  14. ^ (in Ukrainian) Всеукраїнське об'єднання "Батьківщина" All-Ukrainian Union Batkivshchyna, RBC Ukraine
  15. ^ Ukrainian Political Update Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine by Taras Kuzio and Alex Frishberg, Frishberg & Partners, 21 February 2008 (page 22)
  16. ^ Explaining State Capture and State Capture Modes Archived 2012-09-29 at the Wayback Machine by Oleksiy Omelyanchuk, Central European University, 2001 (page 22)
    Trudova Ukraina elects a new chairman, Policy Documentation Center (November 27, 2000)