CYP2C18 (original) (raw)

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Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

CYP2C18
Available structuresPDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes2CIK, 2H6P
Identifiers
Aliases CYP2C18, CPCI, CYP2C, CYP2C17, P450-6B/29C, P450IIC17, cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 18
External IDs OMIM: 601131; MGI: 1919332; HomoloGene: 133567; GeneCards: CYP2C18; OMA:CYP2C18 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)Chromosome 10 (human)Chr.Chromosome 10 (human)[1]Chromosome 10 (human)Genomic location for CYP2C18Genomic location for CYP2C18Band10q23.33Start94,683,729 bp[1]End94,736,190 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)Chromosome 19 (mouse)Chr.Chromosome 19 (mouse)[2]Chromosome 19 (mouse)Genomic location for CYP2C18Genomic location for CYP2C18Band19|19 C3Start38,995,463 bp[2]End39,031,137 bp[2]
RNA expression patternBgeeHuman Mouse (ortholog)Top expressed injejunal mucosapancreatic ductal cellmucosa of ileumright lobe of liverduodenumoral cavitygumsgingival epitheliummucosa of pharynxgallbladderTop expressed inleft colonduodenumjejunumintestinal villusleft lobe of liverspermatocytespermatidembryoembryoseminiferous tubuleMore reference expression dataBioGPSMore reference expression data
Gene ontologyMolecular function oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen aromatase activity iron ion binding oxidoreductase activity monooxygenase activity heme binding oxygen binding arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity metal ion binding steroid hydroxylase activity oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen Cellular component endoplasmic reticulum membrane organelle membrane intracellular membrane-bounded organelle membrane endoplasmic reticulum cytoplasm Biological process epoxygenase P450 pathway xenobiotic metabolic process organic acid metabolic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
OrthologsSpeciesHuman MouseEntrez156272082EnsemblENSG00000108242ENSMUSG00000025002UniProtP33260Q9D816RefSeq (mRNA)NM_001128925NM_000772NM_028089RefSeq (protein)NP_000763NP_001122397NP_082365Location (UCSC)Chr 10: 94.68 – 94.74 MbChr 19: 39 – 39.03 MbPubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Cytochrome P450 2C18 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYP2C18 gene.[5][6][7]

This gene encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. This protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum but its specific substrate has not yet been determined. The gene is located within a cluster of cytochrome P450 genes on chromosome 10q24. An additional gene, CYP2C17, was once thought to exist; however, CYP4217 is now considered an artefact based on a chimera of CYP2C18 and CYP2C19.[7]

CYP2C18 also possesses epoxygenase activity: it can attack various long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids at their double (i.e. alkene) bonds to form epoxide products that act as signaling agents. It metabolizes: 1) arachidonic acid to various epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (also termed EETs); 2) linoleic acid to 9,10-epoxy octadecenoic acids (also termed vernolic acid, linoleic acid 9:10-oxide, or leukotoxin) and 12,13-epoxy-octadecenoic (also termed coronaric acid, linoleic acid 12,13-oxide, or isoleukotoxin); 3) docosahexaenoic acid to various epoxydocosapentaenoic acids (also termed EDPs); and 4) eicosapentaenoic acid to various epoxyeicosatetraenoic acids (also termed EEQs).[8][9][10]

While CYP2C19, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2J2, and possibly CYP2S1 are the main producers of EETs and, very likely EEQs, EDPs, and the epoxides of linoleic acid, CYP2C18 may contribute to the production of these metabolites in certain tissues.[9][11]

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000108242 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000025002 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Furuya H, Meyer UA, Gelboin HV, Gonzalez FJ (September 1991). "Polymerase chain reaction-directed identification, cloning, and quantification of human CYP2C18 mRNA". Molecular Pharmacology. 40 (3): 375–82. PMID 1896026.
  6. ^ Romkes M, Faletto MB, Blaisdell JA, Raucy JL, Goldstein JA (April 1991). "Cloning and expression of complementary DNAs for multiple members of the human cytochrome P450IIC subfamily". Biochemistry. 30 (13): 3247–55. doi:10.1021/bi00227a012. PMID 2009263.
  7. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: CYP2C18 cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 18".
  8. ^ Fleming I (October 2014). "The pharmacology of the cytochrome P450 epoxygenase/soluble epoxide hydrolase axis in the vasculature and cardiovascular disease". Pharmacological Reviews. 66 (4): 1106–40. doi:10.1124/pr.113.007781. PMID 25244930.
  9. ^ a b Wagner K, Vito S, Inceoglu B, Hammock BD (October 2014). "The role of long chain fatty acids and their epoxide metabolites in nociceptive signaling". Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators. 113–115: 2–12. doi:10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2014.09.001. PMC 4254344. PMID 25240260.
  10. ^ Fischer R, Konkel A, Mehling H, Blossey K, Gapelyuk A, Wessel N, von Schacky C, Dechend R, Muller DN, Rothe M, Luft FC, Weylandt K, Schunck WH (March 2014). "Dietary omega-3 fatty acids modulate the eicosanoid profile in man primarily via the CYP-epoxygenase pathway". Journal of Lipid Research. 55 (6): 1150–1164. doi:10.1194/jlr.M047357. PMC 4031946. PMID 24634501.
  11. ^ Spector AA, Kim HY (April 2015). "Cytochrome P450 epoxygenase pathway of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids. 1851 (4): 356–65. doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.07.020. PMC 4314516. PMID 25093613.