Emoticons (Unicode block) (original) (raw)

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Unicode character block

Emoticons is a Unicode block containing emoticons or emoji.[3][4][5]Most of them are intended as representations of faces, although some of them include hand gestures or non-human characters (a horned "imp", monkeys, cartoon cats).

The block was first proposed in 2008, and first implemented in Unicode version 6.0 (2010). The reason for its adoption was largely for compatibility with a de facto standard that had been established by the early 2000s by Japanese telephone carriers, encoded in unused ranges with lead bytes 0xF5 to 0xF9 of the Shift JIS standard.[6] KDDI has gone much further than this, and has introduced hundreds more in the space with lead bytes 0xF3 and 0xF4.[7]

Each emoticon has two variants:

• U+FE0E (VARIATION SELECTOR-15) selects text presentation (e.g. 😊︎ 😐︎ ☹︎),
• U+FE0F (VARIATION SELECTOR-16) selects emoji-style (e.g. 😊️ 😐️ ☹️).

If there is no variation selector appended, the default is the emoji-style. Example:

The Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs block has 54 emoji that represent people or body parts. A set of "Emoji modifiers" are defined for emojis that represent people or body parts. These are modifier characters intended to define the skin colour to be used for the emoji. The draft document suggesting the introduction of this system for the representation of "human diversity" was submitted in 2015 by Mark Davis of Google and Peter Edberg of Apple Inc.[8]Five symbol modifier characters were added with Unicode 8.0 to provide a range of skin tones for human emoji. These modifiers are called EMOJI MODIFIER FITZPATRICK TYPE-1-2, -3, -4, -5, and -6 (U+1F3FB–U+1F3FF): 🏻 🏼 🏽 🏾 🏿. They are based on the Fitzpatrick scale for classifying human skin color.

Human emoji

Additional human emoji can be found in other Unicode blocks: Dingbats, Miscellaneous Symbols, Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs, Supplemental Symbols and Pictographs, Symbols and Pictographs Extended-A and Transport and Map Symbols.

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Emoticons block:

• Some basic smiley faces (☹, ☺, ☻) are in Miscellaneous Symbols block
• Some body parts (e.g. ✌️; ⛹; etc) are in the Miscellaneous Symbols and Dingbat blocks
• Some heads and figures (e.g. 👦; 🛀; etc) are in Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs and Transport and Map Symbols blocks
• Additional smiley faces (e.g. 🤐, 🤑, etc) are in Supplemental Symbols and Pictographs block

1. ^ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Archived from the original on 2021-05-07. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
2. ^ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Archived from the original on 2016-06-29. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
3. ^ "UTR #51: Unicode Emoji". Unicode Consortium. 2023-09-05. Archived from the original on 2019-05-01. Retrieved 2015-12-12.
4. ^ "UCD: Emoji Data for UTR #51". Unicode Consortium. 2023-02-01. Retrieved 2020-04-05.
5. ^ "UTS #51 Emoji Variation Sequences". The Unicode Consortium. Retrieved 2020-04-05.
6. ^ "Original Emoji from DoCoMo". FileFormat.info. Archived from the original on 2023-07-19. Retrieved 2019-09-02.
7. ^ "Original Emoji from KDDI". FileFormat.info. Archived from the original on 2023-07-19. Retrieved 2019-09-02.
8. ^ "The default representation of these modifier characters when used alone is as a color swatch. Whenever one of these characters immediately follows certain characters (such as WOMAN), then a font should show the sequence as a single glyph corresponding to the image for the person(s) or body part with the specified skin tone" Draft Unicode Technical Report #51 "UNICODE EMOJI" Archived 2022-08-19 at the Wayback Machine Version 1.0 (draft 10) eds. Mark Davis (Google Inc.), Peter Edberg (Apple Inc.), 2015-05-08.